STUDI DESKRIPSI: PERILAKU ADIKSI HP (GADGET ADDICTION) PESERTA DIDIK DI SMP NEGERI 37 SURABAYA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26740/bikotetik.v5n1.p43-48Abstract
Indonesia menduduki peringkat empat didunia dalam hal penggunaan HP. Hal ini mengakibatkan munculnya perilaku adiksi. Perilaku adiksi ditemukan pada anak-anak usia sekolah yakni berkitar antara 13-19 tahun. Anak-anak menghabiskan waktu untuk bermain HP. Waktu mereka habis hanya untuk game, bermain media sosial, serta internet. Perilaku adiski HP ini memberikan pengaruh buruk bagi anak, khususnya minat dan prestasi belajar. Namun, disisi lain, perilaku adiksi HP juga memberikan pengaruh pada bidang emosi, sosial, fisik, dan psikis anak. Adiksi HP adalah perilaku ketergantungan anak pada HP. Anak dapat menghabiskan waktu berjam-jam hanya untuk bermain HP. Akivitas bermain HP tersebut cenderung mengarah pada kegiatan yang tidak bermanfaat bagi diri dan orang lain. Perilaku adiksi ini merupakan kondisi yang membutuhkan perhatian khusus untuk segera di atasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang perilaku adiksi HP di kalangan anak-anak, mengetahui faktor penyebab munculnya, pengaruh buruk dari perilaku adiksi HP, dan tindakan yang dapat dilakukan untuk untuk mengurangi, mencengah, dan memperbaiki perilaku adiksi HP. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian studi deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitiannya adalah siswa kelas 8 SMP Negeri 37 Surabaya. Sumber data dari penelitian ini adalah siswa (sumber primer), orang tua, guru, serta dokumen pendukung (sumber sekunder). Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan dapat diketahui bahwa faktor utama penyebab munculnya perilaku adiksi HP adalah kontrol orang tua dalam memfilter penggunaan HP oleh anak, self control anak, self awareness anak, serta lingkungan. Faktor-faktor tersebut menyebabkan munculnya perilaku adiksi HP yang berbeda-beda di setiap anak. Selain faktor-faktor, hal yang ditemukan dari penelitian ini adalah dampak buruk dari perilaku adiksi HP. Dampak buruk yang paling banyak ditemukan di subjek penelitian adalah rendahnya minat dan prestasi belajar siswa. Selain itu, siswa memunculkan perilaku withdrawl (menarik diri) dari lingkungan. Perilaku adiksi HP dapat dicegah dan diperbaiki dengan berbagai cara dan berbagai teknik dengan bantuan banyak pihak. Saran untuk penelitian ini adalah melakukan kerja sama dengan orang tua dan pihak sekolah melakukan pengawasan kepada anak dalam penggunaan HP. Saran bagi peneliti selanjutnya adalah melakukan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) atau penelitian eksperimen untuk mencoba melakukan konseling Mindfullness Cognitive Behavior Therapy (MCBT) dalam rangka mereduksi perilaku adiksi HP.
Kata Kunci: HP, adiksi, adiksi HP
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