Gambaran Kesejahteraan Psikologis pada Karyawan Terdampak Pandemi COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26740/jptt.v11n3.p315-326Keywords:
Kesejahteraan psikologis, karyawan, pandemi COVID-19Abstract
This research discusses the psychological well-being of employees affected by COVID-19 pandemic. This research was a descriptive study that used a quantitative approach. The subjects in the study were 118 employees who are working in an educational institution. Data were collected using the psychological well-being scale which was constructed based on the Ryffs (1989) concept of psychological well-being. Data analysis were carried out by compiling categorization and cross-tabulating in order to determine the psychological well-being of employees. The results showed that the psychological well-being of employees was in the high category. The dimension of psychological well-being that stands out is the life purpose, followed by the positive relationships with others.
Key words: Psychological well-being, employees, COVID-19 pandemic
Abstrak: Penelitian ini membahas mengenai gambaran kesejahteraan psikologis pada karyawan terdampak pandemic COVID-19. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian adalah 118 karyawan yang bekerja di salah satu institusi pendidikan. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan skala kesejahteraan psikologis yang disusun berdasarkan konsep kesejahteraan psikologis dari Ryff (1989). Analisis data dilakukan dengan menyusun kategorisasi dan melakukan tabulasi silang guna mengetahui kesejahteraan psikologis karyawan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kesejahteraan psikologis yang dimiliki karyawan masuk ke dalam kategori tinggi. Dimensi kesejahteraan psikologis yang menonjol adalah tujuan hidup, dilanjutkan dengan hubungan positif dengan orang lain.
References
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Awaliyah, A., & Listiyandini, R. A. (2018). Pengaruh rasa kesadaran terhadap kesejahteraan psikologis pada mahasiswa. Journal Psikogenesis, 5(2), 89-101. https://doi.org/10.24854/jps.v5i2.498
Azwar, S. (2019). Penyusunan Skala Psikologi. Pustaka Pelajar.
Bozkurt, A., & Sharma, R. C. (2020). Emergency remote teaching in a time of global crisis due to CoronaVirus pandemic. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 15(1), 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3778083
Cho, S. (2019). Effects of social support and grateful disposition on employees psychological well-being. Service Industries Journal, 39(1112), 799819. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2018.1444755
Cicognani, E. (2011). Coping Strategies With Minor Stressors in Adolescence: Relationships With Social Support, Self-Efficacy, and Psychological Well-Being. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 41(3), 559578. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2011.00726.x
Flores, M. A., & Gago, M. (2020). Teacher education in times of COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal: national, institutional and pedagogical responses. Journal of Education for Teaching, 46(4), 507516. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2020.1799709
Harikrishnan, U., & Sailo, G. L. (2020). Mizo Youth and the COVID Lockdown Life: A Gender Comparison. International Journal of Research and Review, 7(8), 221225. https://www.ijrrjournal.com/IJRR_Vol.7_Issue.8_Aug2020/Abstract_IJRR0027.html
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Idris, I., Khairani, A. Z., & Shamsuddin, H. (2019). The influence of resilience on psychological well-being of Malaysian University undergraduates. International Journal of Higher Education, 8(4), 153163. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v8n4p153
Kartikasari, N. Y. (2013). Body dissatisfaction terhadap psychological well-being pada karyawati. Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi Terapan, 1(2), 304323. https://ejournal.umm.ac.id/index.php/jipt/article/view/1585
Lapa, T. Y. (2015). Physical Activity Levels and Psychological Well-Being: A Case Study of University Students. ProcediaSocial and Behavioral Sciences, 186, 739743. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.122
López, J., Perez-Rojo, G., Noriega, C., Carretero, I., Velasco, C., Martinez-Huertas, J. A., López-Frutos, P., & Galarraga, L. (2020). Psychological well-being among older adults during the COVID-19 outbreak: A comparative study of the young-old and the old-old adults. International Psychogeriatrics, 32(11), 13651370. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610220000964
Marliani, R., Nasrudin, E., Rahmawati, R., & Ramdani, Z. (2020). Regulasi Emosi, Stres, dan Kesejahteraan Psikologis: Studi Pada Ibu Work from Home dalam Menghadapi Pandemi COVID-19. Project: Psychometric Properties of Psychological Constructs. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341150701
Matud, M. P., López-Curbelo, M., & Fortes, D. (2019). Gender and psychological well-being. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(19), 111. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16193531
Páez-Gallego, J., Gallardo-López, J. A., López-Noguero, F., & Rodrigo-Moriche, M. P. (2020). Analysis of the Relationship Between Psychological Well-Being and Decision Making in Adolescent Students. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 113. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01195
Perez, J. A. (2012). Gender difference in psychological well-being among Filipino college student samples. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2(13), 8493. http://www.ijhssnet.com/journals/Vol_2_No_13_July_2012/8.pdf
Pourebrahim, T., & Rasouli, R. (2019). Meaning of Life and Psychological Well-Being during Adult, Older Adult and Oldest Old. Elderly Health Journal, 5(1), 4046. https://doi.org/10.18502/ehj.v5i1.1198
Prasad, K., Vaidya, R. W., & Mangipudi, M. R. (2020). Effect of occupational stress and remote working on psychological well-being of employees: An empirical analysis during covid-19 pandemic concerning information technology industry in hyderabad. Indian Journal of Commerce & Management Studies, 11(2), 113. https://doi.org/10.18843/ijcms/v11i2/01
Purwanto, A. (2020). Studi eksplorasi Dampak WFH Terhadap Kinerja Guru. EduPsyCouns: Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling, 2(1), 92100. https://ummaspul.e-journal.id/Edupsycouns/article/view/418
Rabl, T. (2010). Age, discrimination, and achievement motives: A study of German employees. Personnel Review, 39(4), 448467. https://doi.org/10.1108/00483481011045416
Rokhani, C. T. S. (2020). Pengaruh Work From Home (WFH) Terhadap Kinerja Guru SD Negeri Dengkek 01 Pati Selama Masa Pandemi Covid-19. EduPsyCouns: Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling, 2(1), 424437. https://ummaspul.e-journal.id/Edupsycouns/article/view/500
Rowe, B. R., & Bentley, M. T. (1992). The impact of the family on home-based work. Journal of Family and Economic, 13, 279297. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01020452
Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(6), 10691081.
https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.1069
Ryff, C. D. (2014). Psychological well-being revisited: Advances in the science and practice of eudaimonia. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 83(1), 1028. https://doi.org/10.1159/000353263
Ryff, C. D., & Keyes, C. L. M. (1995). The Structure of Psychological Well-Being Revisited. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(4), 719727. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.69.4.719
Ryff, C. D., & Singer, B. (1998). The Contours of Positive Human Health. Psychological Inquiry, 9(1), 128. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327965pli0901_6
Setyawati, M. B., & Murniati, M. (2018). Stres, Stresor dan Koping Stres Pada Mahasiswa Keperawatan dan Kebidanan Di STIKES Harapan Bangsa Purwokerto. Viva Medika: Jurnal Kesehatan, Kebidanan Dan Keperawatan, 10(1), 612. https://doi.org/10.35960/vm.v10i1.397
Switek, M., & Easterlin, R. A. (2018). Life Transitions and Life Satisfaction During Young Adulthood. Journal of Happiness Studies, 19(1), 297314. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-016-9817-y
Syahrial. (2020). Dampak Covid-19 terhadap Tenaga Kerja di Indonesia. Jurnal Ners, 4(2), 2129. https://journal.universitaspahlawan.ac.id/index.php/ners/article/view/1022
Talidong, K. J. B., & Toquero, C. M. D. (2020). Philippine Teachers Practices to Deal with Anxiety amid COVID-19. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 25(67), 573579. https://doi.org/10.1080/15325024.2020.1759225
Vinayak, S., & Judge, J. (2018). A Study of Psychological Well-Being among Police Personnel. International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 8(9), 190198. https://www.ijhsr.org/IJHSR_Vol.8_Issue.9_Sep2018/27.pdf
Zhang, S., Moeckel, R., Moreno, A. T., Shuai, B., & Gao, J. (2020). A work-life conflict perspective on telework. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 141(A), 5168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2020.09.007
Zubieta, E., Muratori, M., & Fernández, O. (2012). Bienestar subjetivo y psicosocial: explorando diferencias de género. Salud & Sociedad, 3(1), 6676. https://doi.org/10.22199/s07187475.2012.0001.00005
Zuhri, M. M. (2014). Pengembangan sumber daya guru dan karyawan dalam organisasi pendidikan. Quality: Journal of Empirical Research in Islamic Education, 2(2), 205221. https://journal.iainkudus.ac.id/index.php/Quality/article/view/2108
Aisyah, A., & Chisol, R. (2018). Rasa syukur kaitannya dengan kesejahteraan psikologis pada guru honorer. Jurnal Pikologi Proyeksi, 13(2), 109122. http://jurnal.unissula.ac.id/index.php/proyeksi/article/view/3953
Akram, M. (2019). Psychological Well-being of University Teachers in Pakistan. Journal of Education and Educational Development, 6(2), 235253. https://doi.org/10.22555/joeed.v6i2.2473
Alandete, J. G. (2013). Psychological well-being, age, and gender among spanish undergraduates. Health & Society, 4(1), 4858. http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/pdf/salsoc/v4n1/4n1a04.pdf
Apsaryanthi, N. L. K., & Lestari, M. D. (2017). Perbedaan Tingkat Psychological Well-Being Pada Ibu Rumah Tangga Dengan Ibu Bekerja Di Kabupaten Gianyar. Jurnal Psikologi Udayana, 4(1), 110117. https://doi.org/10.24843/jpu.2017.v04.i01.p12
Awaliyah, A., & Listiyandini, R. A. (2018). Pengaruh rasa kesadaran terhadap kesejahteraan psikologis pada mahasiswa. Journal Psikogenesis, 5(2), 89-101. https://doi.org/10.24854/jps.v5i2.498
Azwar, S. (2019). Penyusunan Skala Psikologi. Pustaka Pelajar.
Bozkurt, A., & Sharma, R. C. (2020). Emergency remote teaching in a time of global crisis due to CoronaVirus pandemic. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 15(1), 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3778083
Cho, S. (2019). Effects of social support and grateful disposition on employees psychological well-being. Service Industries Journal, 39(1112), 799819. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2018.1444755
Cicognani, E. (2011). Coping Strategies With Minor Stressors in Adolescence: Relationships With Social Support, Self-Efficacy, and Psychological Well-Being. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 41(3), 559578. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2011.00726.x
Flores, M. A., & Gago, M. (2020). Teacher education in times of COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal: national, institutional and pedagogical responses. Journal of Education for Teaching, 46(4), 507516. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2020.1799709
Harikrishnan, U., & Sailo, G. L. (2020). Mizo Youth and the COVID Lockdown Life: A Gender Comparison. International Journal of Research and Review, 7(8), 221225. https://www.ijrrjournal.com/IJRR_Vol.7_Issue.8_Aug2020/Abstract_IJRR0027.html
Huppert, F. A. (2009). Psychological Well-being: Evidence Regarding its Causes and Consequences. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, 1(2), 137164. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-0854.2009.01008.x
Idris, I., Khairani, A. Z., & Shamsuddin, H. (2019). The influence of resilience on psychological well-being of Malaysian University undergraduates. International Journal of Higher Education, 8(4), 153163. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v8n4p153
Kartikasari, N. Y. (2013). Body dissatisfaction terhadap psychological well-being pada karyawati. Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi Terapan, 1(2), 304323. https://ejournal.umm.ac.id/index.php/jipt/article/view/1585
Lapa, T. Y. (2015). Physical Activity Levels and Psychological Well-Being: A Case Study of University Students. ProcediaSocial and Behavioral Sciences, 186, 739743. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.122
López, J., Perez-Rojo, G., Noriega, C., Carretero, I., Velasco, C., Martinez-Huertas, J. A., López-Frutos, P., & Galarraga, L. (2020). Psychological well-being among older adults during the COVID-19 outbreak: A comparative study of the young-old and the old-old adults. International Psychogeriatrics, 32(11), 13651370. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610220000964
Marliani, R., Nasrudin, E., Rahmawati, R., & Ramdani, Z. (2020). Regulasi Emosi, Stres, dan Kesejahteraan Psikologis: Studi Pada Ibu Work from Home dalam Menghadapi Pandemi COVID-19. Project: Psychometric Properties of Psychological Constructs. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341150701
Matud, M. P., López-Curbelo, M., & Fortes, D. (2019). Gender and psychological well-being. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(19), 111. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16193531
Páez-Gallego, J., Gallardo-López, J. A., López-Noguero, F., & Rodrigo-Moriche, M. P. (2020). Analysis of the Relationship Between Psychological Well-Being and Decision Making in Adolescent Students. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 113. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01195
Perez, J. A. (2012). Gender difference in psychological well-being among Filipino college student samples. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2(13), 8493. http://www.ijhssnet.com/journals/Vol_2_No_13_July_2012/8.pdf
Pourebrahim, T., & Rasouli, R. (2019). Meaning of Life and Psychological Well-Being during Adult, Older Adult and Oldest Old. Elderly Health Journal, 5(1), 4046. https://doi.org/10.18502/ehj.v5i1.1198
Prasad, K., Vaidya, R. W., & Mangipudi, M. R. (2020). Effect of occupational stress and remote working on psychological well-being of employees: An empirical analysis during covid-19 pandemic concerning information technology industry in hyderabad. Indian Journal of Commerce & Management Studies, 11(2), 113. https://doi.org/10.18843/ijcms/v11i2/01
Purwanto, A. (2020). Studi eksplorasi Dampak WFH Terhadap Kinerja Guru. EduPsyCouns: Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling, 2(1), 92100. https://ummaspul.e-journal.id/Edupsycouns/article/view/418
Rabl, T. (2010). Age, discrimination, and achievement motives: A study of German employees. Personnel Review, 39(4), 448467. https://doi.org/10.1108/00483481011045416
Rokhani, C. T. S. (2020). Pengaruh Work From Home (WFH) Terhadap Kinerja Guru SD Negeri Dengkek 01 Pati Selama Masa Pandemi Covid-19. EduPsyCouns: Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling, 2(1), 424437. https://ummaspul.e-journal.id/Edupsycouns/article/view/500
Rowe, B. R., & Bentley, M. T. (1992). The impact of the family on home-based work. Journal of Family and Economic, 13, 279297. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01020452
Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(6), 10691081.
https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.1069
Ryff, C. D. (2014). Psychological well-being revisited: Advances in the science and practice of eudaimonia. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 83(1), 1028. https://doi.org/10.1159/000353263
Ryff, C. D., & Keyes, C. L. M. (1995). The Structure of Psychological Well-Being Revisited. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(4), 719727. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.69.4.719
Ryff, C. D., & Singer, B. (1998). The Contours of Positive Human Health. Psychological Inquiry, 9(1), 128. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327965pli0901_6
Setyawati, M. B., & Murniati, M. (2018). Stres, Stresor dan Koping Stres Pada Mahasiswa Keperawatan dan Kebidanan Di STIKES Harapan Bangsa Purwokerto. Viva Medika: Jurnal Kesehatan, Kebidanan Dan Keperawatan, 10(1), 612. https://doi.org/10.35960/vm.v10i1.397
Switek, M., & Easterlin, R. A. (2018). Life Transitions and Life Satisfaction During Young Adulthood. Journal of Happiness Studies, 19(1), 297314. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-016-9817-y
Syahrial. (2020). Dampak Covid-19 terhadap Tenaga Kerja di Indonesia. Jurnal Ners, 4(2), 2129. https://journal.universitaspahlawan.ac.id/index.php/ners/article/view/1022
Talidong, K. J. B., & Toquero, C. M. D. (2020). Philippine Teachers Practices to Deal with Anxiety amid COVID-19. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 25(67), 573579. https://doi.org/10.1080/15325024.2020.1759225
Vinayak, S., & Judge, J. (2018). A Study of Psychological Well-Being among Police Personnel. International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 8(9), 190198. https://www.ijhsr.org/IJHSR_Vol.8_Issue.9_Sep2018/27.pdf
Zhang, S., Moeckel, R., Moreno, A. T., Shuai, B., & Gao, J. (2020). A work-life conflict perspective on telework. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 141(A), 5168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2020.09.007
Zubieta, E., Muratori, M., & Fernández, O. (2012). Bienestar subjetivo y psicosocial: explorando diferencias de género. Salud & Sociedad, 3(1), 6676. https://doi.org/10.22199/s07187475.2012.0001.00005
Zuhri, M. M. (2014). Pengembangan sumber daya guru dan karyawan dalam organisasi pendidikan. Quality: Journal of Empirical Research in Islamic Education, 2(2), 205221. https://journal.iainkudus.ac.id/index.php/Quality/article/view/2108
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2021-07-07
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Izzati, U. A., Budiani, M. S., Mulyana, O. P., & Puspitadewi, N. W. S. (2021). Gambaran Kesejahteraan Psikologis pada Karyawan Terdampak Pandemi COVID-19. Jurnal Psikologi Teori Dan Terapan, 11(3), 315–325. https://doi.org/10.26740/jptt.v11n3.p315-326
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