Ethnopedagogical Analysis of Sunan Giri Mosque Ornaments in Fostering Elementary School Students’ Creativity

Dessy Mega Harumawati; Andi Kristanto; Ari Metalin Ika Puspita

doi:10.26740/jrpd.v11n3.p404-427

Authors

Dessy Mega Harumawati State University of Surabaya
Andi Kristanto State University of Surabaya
Ari Metalin Ika Puspita State University of Surabaya

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26740/jrpd.v11n3.p404-427

Keywords:

Ethnopedagogy, Ornament, Sunan Giri Mosque, Creativity, Elementary Education

Abstract

Ornamental heritage embedded in classical mosque architecture holds considerable but underexploited pedagogical value for cultivating creativity among elementary school learners. This study examines how the decorative motifs of Sunan Giri Mosque in Gresik, East Java, can be transformed into an ethnopedagogical resource that stimulates fifth-grade students’ creative thinking through observation, imitation, and reinterpretation of local ornamental forms. A qualitative design combining ornament observation and literature review was employed, integrating documentary analysis of a teaching module, Bahan Ajar Ragam Hias Kreatif: Ornamen Masjid Sunan Giri, with two academic studies describing the formal and symbolic characteristics of lung-lungan, patran, tlacapan, saton, praba, garuda, and surya majapahit motifs. Data were analyzed through reduction, categorization, and interpretive synthesis to trace the translation of architectural ornament into classroom activities. Findings show that the module converts nine ornament categories into observation, coloring, and creative design tasks that guide students from motif recognition toward independent stylization of natural forms, following a sequence consistent with established creativity-development stages in ethnomathematics and ethnoscience research. The symbolic meanings attached to each motif, including protection, enlightenment, and social solidarity, further provide affective anchors that strengthen engagement. This study concludes that curated ornamental heritage offers a replicable ethnopedagogical model for nurturing creativity, cultural pride, and aesthetic literacy among primary school students.

References

Arion, Kiki. 2024. ‘Exploring Local Wisdom: Utilizing Ethnomathematics to Improve Mathematical Creative Thinking Skills’. Jurnal THEOREMS (The Original Research of Mathematics) 9(1):100–113. doi: 10.31949/th.v9i1.9538.

Asrori, Mohammad, Bima Fandi Asy’arie, Akhirudin, Ganjar Yusup Sofian, Ahmad Fadhel Syakir Hidayat, Aidillah Suja, and Roibin. 2025. ‘Islamic Educational and Cultural Values in Indonesian Puppetry Art: A Systematic Literature Review’. Cogent Education 12(1). doi: 10.1080/2331186X.2025.2490445.

Budiono, Budiono, Nanik Rachmaniyah, and Aria Weny Anggraita. 2021. ‘Ornamen Masjid Sunan Ampel, Sunan Giri, Dan Sunan Sendang’. Jurnal Desain Interior 6(1):15. doi: 10.12962/j12345678.v6i1.9641.

Daulay, Hermalina, and . Asrizal. 2024. ‘EFFECTS OF ETHNO PJBL ON CREATIVE THINKING SKILLS AND LEARNING OUTCOMES IN SCIENCE LEARNING: A META-ANALYSIS’. International Journal of Advanced Research 12(07):1635–47. doi: 10.21474/IJAR01/19212.

Eriyana Ernandhita Pratiwi, Oktaviana Sulis Rahmadani, Anindita Yogi Pertiwi, Muhammad Wisnu Wirayudha, Shelvia Rizka Saputri, Sri Marginingsih, and Taufik Muhtarom. 2025. ‘Analisis Strategi, Jenis Dan Efektivitas Sumber Belajar Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Dalam Pembelajaran Tematik SD Pada Pendekatan Etnosains’. Indo-MathEdu Intellectuals Journal 6(5):7120–33. doi: 10.54373/imeij.v6i5.3703.

Firmando, Harisan Boni, Ade Putra Arif Panjaitan, Robert Sibarani, Elvri Teresia Simbolon, Eben Haezarni Telaumbanua, and Ratna Saragih. 2024. ‘Contextual Learning Development in Schools through the Integration of Batak Toba Local Wisdom from Sibandang Island’. EDUKASIA Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran 5(2):477–90. doi: 10.62775/edukasia.v5i2.1610.

Ibrahim, Bahtiar, Maimun, Ni Made Yeni Suranti, Nurkhaerat Alimuddin, and Ina Yuliana. 2024. ‘INTEGRATION OF DISCOVERY LEARNING MODEL, LOCAL CULTURAL CHARACTER SASAMBO, AND PROBLEM-SOLVING SKILLS IN TEACHING BASIC SCIENCE CONCEPTS: A LITERATURE REVIEW’. Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Undiksha 14(1):422–31. doi: 10.23887/jjpf.v14i1.76860.

Kesumah, Mayang Dela, Ilham Falani, Haerul Pathoni, and Muhammad Haris Effendi Hasibuan. 2025. ‘Actualizing Ethnoscience in Physics Education: A New Pathway to Foster Academic Creativity through Local Traditions’. Didaktika: Jurnal Kependidikan 14(4 Nopember):6819–34. doi: 10.58230/27454312.3240.

Kulboyeva, Dilnoza. 2023. ‘THE ESSENCE OF DEVELOPING CREATIVE ABILITIES IN PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS’. CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS 04(06):95–100. doi: 10.37547/pedagogics-crjp-04-06-16.

Lucchiari, Claudio, Paola Maria Sala, and Maria Elide Vanutelli. 2019. ‘The Effects of a Cognitive Pathway to Promote Class Creative Thinking. An Experimental Study on Italian Primary School Students’. Thinking Skills and Creativity 31:156–66. doi: 10.1016/j.tsc.2018.12.002.

Mandala, Arif Sapta, Irma Rachmah Hidayah, and Dian Rahmawati. 2024. ‘THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ETHNOMATHEMATICAL APPROACHES ON STUDENTS’ MATHEMATICAL CREATIVE THINKING SKILLS IN INDONESIA: A META-ANALYSIS STUDY’. EDU-MAT: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika 12(2):216. doi: 10.20527/edumat.v12i2.19957.

Mortara, Michela, Chiara Eva Catalano, Francesco Bellotti, Giusy Fiucci, Minica Houry-Panchetti, and Panagiotis Petridis. 2014. ‘Learning Cultural Heritage by Serious Games’. Journal of Cultural Heritage 15(3):318–25. doi: 10.1016/j.culher.2013.04.004.

Noorhapizah, Akhmad Riandy Agusta, and Diani Ayu Pratiwi. 2020. ‘Learning Material Development Containing Critical Thinking and Creative Thinking Skills Based on Local Wisdom’. in Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Education and Technology (ICET 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press.

Nurmala, Neli, Iik Nurul Paik, and Yulianti Fitriani. 2025. ‘Implementing Differentiated Learning to Foster Learning Interest and Creative Thinking among Diverse Elementary School Students’. Journal of Innovation and Research in Primary Education 4(3):1721–35. doi: 10.56916/jirpe.v4i3.1822.

Oktaviani, Ai, Happy Ika Melvina, Dewi Kusnita, Jamilah, and Mohamad Syarief Abdullah. 2025. ‘Local Wisdom in Developing Communication and Collaboration Skills of Elementary School Students in the 21st Century: A Systematic Literature Review’. International Journal Education and Computer Studies (IJECS) 5(2):74–86. doi: 10.35870/ijecs.v5i2.4324.

Pradana, Rizal Wahyu Bagas. 2020. ‘Bentuk Dan Makna Simbolik Ragam Hias Pada Masjid Sunan Giri’. RUANG-SPACE, Jurnal Lingkungan Binaan (Space : Journal of the Built Environment) 7(1):71. doi: 10.24843/JRS.2020.v07.i01.p07.

Putra, Zakarias Aria Widyatama, Desiana Muryasari, and Renistiara Medilianasari. 2024. ‘Integrating Ethnopedagogy and Cultural Arts Education: Preserving Indonesia’s Heritage in the Globalized Era’. Indonesian Journal of Educational Research and Review 7(3):709–18. doi: 10.23887/ijerr.v7i3.76244.

Putri, Rezqi Sri Saleko, Jasruddin Jasruddin, and Mustafa Mustafa. 2024. ‘The Relationship between Ethnoscience and Creative Thinking Skills to Support 21st Century Learning for High School Student in West Sulawesi: Literature Review’. International Journal of Current Science Research and Review 07(11). doi: 10.47191/ijcsrr/V7-i11-31.

Rodriguez-Garcia, Bruno, Henar Guillen-Sanz, David Checa, and Andres Bustillo. 2024. ‘A Systematic Review of Virtual 3D Reconstructions of Cultural Heritage in Immersive Virtual Reality’. Multimedia Tools and Applications 83(42):89743–93. doi: 10.1007/s11042-024-18700-3.

Ruiz-del-Pino, Blanca, Francisco D. Fernández-Martín, and José L. Arco-Tirado. 2022. ‘Creativity Training Programs in Primary Education: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis’. Thinking Skills and Creativity 46:101172. doi: 10.1016/j.tsc.2022.101172.

Sakti, Syahria Anggita, Suwardi Endraswara, and Arif Rohman. 2024. ‘Revitalizing Local Wisdom within Character Education through Ethnopedagogy Apporach: A Case Study on a Preschool in Yogyakarta’. Heliyon 10(10):e31370. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31370.

Salmia, Dideng Kadir, and Muh. Alka. 2025. ‘Integrating Sipakatau and Sipakalebbi Values into Deep Learning Approaches for Character Education in Elementary Schools’. Journal of Local Wisdom in Education 1(1):1–17. doi: 10.26618/vz382n59.

Samaniego, Mariela, Nancy Usca, José Salguero, and William Quevedo. 2024. ‘Creative Thinking in Art and Design Education: A Systematic Review’. Education Sciences 14(2):192. doi: 10.3390/educsci14020192.

Sari, Nur Indah, Bima Fandi Asy’arie, Jamilah, Fitriyah, and Miftahur Ridho. 2024. ‘Internalization of Islamic Education Values in a Cultural Frame: A Systematic Literature Review in Wayang Art’. Cendekia: Jurnal Kependidikan Dan Kemasyarakatan 22(2). doi: 10.21154/cendekia.v22i2.9918.

Sihombing, Rizky Agassy, Sjaeful Anwar, Shiang-Yao Liu, Muslim Muslim, Nanang Winarno, and Putri Jessica Sihombing. 2025. ‘Integrating Local Wisdom into Environmental Education: A Systematic Review of Ethnoscience Research in Indonesia’. Journal of Natural Science and Integration 8(1):57. doi: 10.24014/jnsi.v8i1.35762.

Sunaryo, Edi, Nur Sahid, and Akhmad Nizam. 2017. ‘Ragam Hias Beberapa Masjid Di Jawa: Kajian Sejarah Kebudayaan Dan Semiotika’. Mudra Jurnal Seni Budaya 31(2). doi: 10.31091/mudra.v31i2.27.

Suprihardjo, Rimadewi. 2016. ‘Pengembangan Kawasan Cagar Budaya Ampel Sebagai Potensi Pariwisata Religi Di Surabaya’. Jurnal Penataan Ruang 11(1):30. doi: 10.12962/j2716179X.v11i1.5213.

Suryandari, Putri, Jamhari Jamhari, and Ahmad Shahid. 2023. ‘ISLAMIC AND WESTERN HYBRID SYMBOLS IN CONTEMPORARY MOSQUE ARCHITECTURE IN INDONESIA’S REFORM ERA’. Journal of Islamic Architecture 7(4):690–98. doi: 10.18860/jia.v7i4.23104.

Wahyuni, Luh Tu Selpi, Nyoman Ayu Putri Lestari, I. Made Aditya Dharma, I. Wayan Lasmawan, and I. Wayan Suastra. 2023. ‘Eksistensi Kearifan Lokal Bali Pada Kurikulum Merdeka Di Sekolah Dasar’. Jurnal Paedagogy 10(3):666. doi: 10.33394/jp.v10i3.7573.

Yance, Zeng, Harrinni Md Noor, and Muahmmad Faiz Sabri. 2025. ‘Intangible Cultural Heritage in Fine Arts Curriculum in Chinese Secondary School: A Systematic Literature Review and Implications on Pre-Service Teacher Education’. Asian Journal of University Education 21(1):135–59. doi: 10.24191/ajue.v21i1.5563.

Zainovi, Putri Sarah, Neni Mariana, Nurul Istiq’faroh, Wiryanto Wiryanto, and Hitta Alfi Muhimmah. 2025. ‘Integrating Ethnomathematics in Geometry Learning to Enhance Primary Students’ Numeracy Skills: A Systematic Literature Review’. Journal of Innovation and Research in Primary Education 4(3):1044–53. doi: 10.56916/jirpe.v4i3.1467.