Efektivitas Program Pelatihan Penetapan Tujuan pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas

Jimny Hilda Fauzia; Farida Kurniawati

doi:10.26740/jptt.v11n1.p1-16

Authors

Jimny Hilda Fauzia Fakultas PSikologi Universitas Indonesia
Farida Kurniawati Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26740/jptt.v11n1.p1-16

Keywords:

Penetapan tujuan, pelatihan, siswa

Abstract

Goal setting is an important skill for students to have so they can achieve academic success. This study aims to test the effectiveness of the goal setting training in improving students' knowledge and skills for setting goals. The study was a quasi-experimental design and was structured in experiential learning framework. The subjects were 12 students. Data were collected quantitatively using a questionnaires and qualitatively using observation and open-ended questions. The paired sample t-test was used to analyze quantitative data, while qualitative data were analyzed descriptively based on goal-setting concept. The results show that participants of this study experienced a significant increase in knowledge and skills scores after attending the training (p<0.001). The training process runs according to established procedures, so that training objectives can be achieved properly. The quality of the contents of the discussion and the answers of students in the test showed good results. However, this training still needs to be supplemented with follow-up to ensure changes in student behavior after attending the training. This study suggests that schools should facilitate their students to involve in goal setting trainings and activities in order to increase their opportunities in achieving academic success.

Keywords: Goal setting, training, secondary students

Abstrak: Penetapan tujuan merupakan salah satu keterampilan yang penting untuk dimiliki siswa agar mereka dapat mencapai kesuksesan akademik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas pelatihan penetapan tujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan siswa dalam menetapkan tujuan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan desain kuasi-eksperimental dan disusun dengan kerangka experiential learning. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 12 orang siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) œSukses Jakarta. Data dikumpulkan secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Analisis data kuantitatif dilakukan dengan teknik paired sample t-test, sedangkan analisis data kualitatif dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data observasi selama pelatihan berlangung dan meninjau kualitas jawaban siswa pada tes. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa siswa mengalami peningkatan skor pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang signifikan (p<0,001) setelah mengikuti pelatihan. Proses pelatihan berjalan sesuai prosedur yang telah ditetapkan, sehingga tujuan pelatihan dapat tercapai dengan baik. Kualitas isi diskusi dan jawaban siswa dalam tes menunjukkan hasil yang baik. Namun demikian, pelatihan ini masih perlu dilengkapi dengan tindak lanjut untuk memastikan adanya perubahan perilaku siswa setelah mengikuti pelatihan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan penting-nya bagi sekolah untuk memfasilitasi para siswanya mengikuti kegiatan dan pelatihan terkait penetapan tujuan demi tercapaianya keberhasilan akademik mereka.

References

Abe, I. I., Ilogu, G. C., & Madueke, I. L. (2014). Effects of goal-setting skills on students academic performance in english language in Enugu Nigeria. New Approaches in Educational Research, 3 (2), 9399. https://doi.org/10.7821/naer.3.2.93-99

Alderman, M. K., & Macdonald, S. (2015). Empowering Students and Teachers A Self-Regulatory Approach to Classroom Management¯: Empowering Students and Teachers. Kappa Delta Pi Record, 51 (2), 5256. https://doi.org/10.1080/00228958.2015.1023145

Biech, E. (2005). Training for Dummies. New Jersey: Wiley Publishing Inc.

Bloom, M. (2013). Self-regulated learning¯: Goal setting and self-monitoring. The Language Teacher, 37(4), 4651. https://doi.org/10.37546/JALTTLT37.4-6

Brophy, J. (2006). History of research on classroom management. Dalam C. M. Evertson & C. S. Weinstein (Eds.), Handbook of classroom management: Research, practice, and contemporary issues. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Clifford, I. (2015). Do learner-centred approaches work in every culture? Retrieved from https://www.britishcouncil.org/voices-magazine/do-learner-centred-approaches-work-every-culture.

Dotson, R. (2016). Goal Setting to Increase Student Academic Performance. Journal of School Administration Research and Development, 1 (1), 4446. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1158116.pdf

Fauzia, J. H. (2019). Laporan Kasus Sistemik (hal. 150). hal. 150. (Laporan penelitian: tidak diterbitkan). Depok: Universitas Indonesia

Garavan, T. N. (1997). Training, development, education and learning: Different or the same. Journal of European Industrial Training, 21 (2), 3950. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090599710161711

Himpunan Psikologi Indonesia. (2010). Kode etik psikologi Indonesia. Jakarta Selatan: Pengurus Pusat Himpunan Psikologi Indonesia.

Kolb, D. (2014). Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. New Jersey: FT Press.

Kritsonis, A. (2005). Comparison of Change Theories. International Journal of Scholarly Academic Intellectual Diversity, 8 (1), 17. Retrieved from http://www.nationalforum.com/Electronic%20Journal%20Volumes/Kritsonis,%20Alicia%20Comparison%20of%20Change%20Theories%20IJMBA%20V8%20N1%202005.pdf

Kumar, R. (1999). Research methodology: A step-by-step guide for beginners. London: Sage Publications.

Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. (1990). A theory of goal setting and task performance. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. (2002). Building a practically useful theory of goal setting and task motivation. American Psychologist, 57 (9), 705717. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.57.9.705

Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. (2006). New Directions in Goal-Setting Theory New Directions in Goal-Setting Theory. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 15 (5), 265268. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8721.2006.00449.x

Lutfianawati, D., Nugraha, R. S. P., & Rachmahana, R. S. (2014). Pengaruh pelatihan goal setting terhadap motivasi belajar bahasa Inggris siswa. Jurnal Intervensi Psikologi, 6, 125138. https://doi.org/10.20885/intervensipsikologi.vol5.iss2.art8

Manna, A., & Biswas, D. (2018). Theory of Training Effectiveness. International Journal of Management, Technology, And Engineering, 8 (11), 271283. Retrieved from http://www.ijamtes.org/gallery/34.%20nov%20ijmte%20-%201167.pdf

Marzano, R., Pickering, D., & Pollock, J. (2001). Classroom instruction that works. Alexandria: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.

Moeller, A. J., Theiler, J. M., & Wu, C. (2012). Goal Setting and Student Achievement: A Longitudinal Study. The Modern Language Journal, 96 (2), 153169. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.2011.01231.x

Morisano, D., Hirsh, J. B., Peterson, J. B., Pihl, R. O., & Shore, B. M. (2010). Setting, elaborating and reflecting on personal goals improves academic performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 95 (2), 255264. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018478

ONeill, G., & Mcmahon, T. (2005). Student centered learning: What does ot mean for students and lecturers? Dalam G. ONeill, S. Moore, & B. McMullin (Eds.), Emerging issues in the practice of University Learning and Teaching (hal. 111). Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/241465214

Ogbeiwi, O. (2017). Why written objectives need to be really SMART. British Journal of Health Care Management, 23 (7), 324336. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjhc.2017.23.7.324.

Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia Nomor 81A Tahun 2013 Tentang Implementasi Kurikulum. (2013). Retrieved from https://akhmadsudrajat.files.wordpress.com/2013/08/lampiran-iv-pedoman-umum-pembelajaran.pdf.

Schunk, D. H. (2001). Self-Regulation Through Goal Setting. ERIC Digest. Retrieved from https://www.counseling.org/resources/library/ERIC Digests/2001-08.pdf.

Schunk, D. H. (2009). Goal Setting. Retrieved from education.com:%0Ahttp://www.education.com/reference/article/goalsetting/

Wilson, S. B., & Dobson, M. S. (2008). Goal Setting. In Goal Setting: How to Create an Action Plan and Achieve Your Goals (2nd ed.). New York: American Management Association.