AUTHORSHIP AND CONTRIBUTORSHIP POLICY

JPEKA: Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi, Manajemen dan Keuangan upholds transparency, accountability, fairness, and proper acknowledgement of the individuals who contribute to scholarly work. This policy sets out the journal’s principles and procedures concerning authorship, contributor roles, author order, the responsibilities of the Corresponding Author, changes to authorship, disputes, and practices that may misrepresent scholarly contributions. Where relevant, the policy draws on guidance from the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), the Contributor Roles Taxonomy (CRediT), and internationally recognized standards for responsible research and scholarly publishing.

1.    Authorship Eligibility

A manuscript submitted to JPEKA must have at least two authors, in accordance with the journal’s stated submission requirements. Collaboration between institutions and, where relevant, across countries is welcome; however, collaboration must not be used as a reason to include someone who does not meet the criteria for authorship.

Authorship is reserved for individuals who have made a meaningful and substantial scholarly contribution to the research or to the development of the manuscript. Authors are expected to: (1) contribute substantially to the study’s conception, design, implementation, data collection, analysis, interpretation, or manuscript preparation; (2) participate sufficiently to accept responsibility for their declared contributions; (3) review and approve the version submitted to JPEKA; (4) approve the final version intended for publication; and (5) remain accountable for their contributions and for the integrity of the work.

All individuals who satisfy the authorship criteria should be included, while those who do not satisfy them should not be named as authors. Position, seniority, institutional authority, supervisory status, professional or personal relationships, reputation, or financial support alone does not establish eligibility for authorship.

2.    Author Contributions and the CRediT Taxonomy

Each manuscript must contain an Author Contributions Statement that identifies the contributions made by every author according to the CRediT (Contributor Roles Taxonomy) framework. CRediT provides a consistent way to report individual roles in the production of scholarly work. Its 14 roles are:

  1. Conceptualization — developing or refining the central research ideas, objectives, and aims.
  2. Methodology — designing or developing the research methods and models.
  3. Software — programming, developing software or code, implementing algorithms, or testing existing code components.
  4. Validation — checking the validity, reliability, or reproducibility of results, experiments, and other research outputs.
  5. Formal Analysis — applying statistical, mathematical, computational, or other formal approaches to examine or synthesize data.
  6. Investigation — carrying out the research, experiments, or collection of data and evidence.
  7. Resources — supplying research materials, instruments, facilities, samples, computing resources, or other necessary resources.
  8. Data Curation — organizing, managing, annotating, maintaining, and preserving research data.
  9. Writing (Original Draft) — preparing and writing the initial version of the manuscript.
  10. Writing (Review & Editing) — critically reviewing, commenting on, revising, or editing the manuscript.
  11. Visualization — developing and presenting data or findings in visual formats.
  12. Supervision — providing oversight, leadership, and mentoring during research planning and implementation.
  13. Project Administration — coordinating and managing the research activities.
  14. Funding Acquisition — obtaining financial support for the research project.

One author may undertake several roles, and a particular role may be shared by multiple authors when this accurately reflects their work. Only contributions that were genuinely performed should be reported. CRediT identifies the nature of each person’s contribution; assigning a role does not, by itself, establish that the person qualifies for authorship. The statement must appear in the manuscript and will form part of the published article.

Example:

A.F.P: Conceptualization, Methodology, and Validation; P.U.K: Methodology, Formal Analysis, Resources, and Writing – Original Draft; and D.P.A.P: Data Curation, Project Administration, and Writing – Review & Editing.

3.    Corresponding Author and Declaration of Manuscript Authenticity

The Corresponding Author is the principal contact for the author group in communications with JPEKA during submission, peer review, revision, publication, and any subsequent correspondence. This author must ensure that every listed author meets the journal’s criteria; no eligible author has been left out; no ineligible individual has been included; all authors have reviewed and approved the submitted manuscript; the author list and author sequence have been agreed upon; the contributions statement is accurate and accepted by all authors; and all declarations and information provided to the journal are complete and truthful.

Being the primary contact does not prevent other authors from contacting the journal directly about authorship, publication ethics, research integrity, withdrawal, correction, or other legitimate editorial and post-publication matters. When necessary, the journal may contact any or all authors to request confirmation, clarification, consent, agreement, or supporting evidence.

As part of submission, the Corresponding Author and/or First Author must complete and sign the official JPEKA Statement of Manuscript Authenticity. The signed statement must be uploaded as a separate PDF through the journal’s official Open Journal Systems (OJS), together with the manuscript and other required documents.

By signing, the author confirms on behalf of the author group that the author list and order are accurate; each author has made an accountable contribution; the contributions statement truthfully describes those contributions; no guest, gift, honorary, ghost, anonymous, purchased, sold, transferred, or otherwise improper authorship is involved; all authors have been informed of and agree to the relevant declarations; and the signatory is authorized to submit the statement for the group.

A statement that is absent, incomplete, or unsigned may lead to the submission being returned before editorial processing continues. The editorial team may also request confirmation from individual co-authors if questions arise about authorship, contributions, consent, or related matters.

4.    Author Order and Changes to Authorship

All authors must agree on the author list and the order in which names appear before the manuscript is submitted. JPEKA does not assign author order on behalf of the research team.

After submission, a request to add or remove an author, rearrange the author order, replace the Corresponding Author, or make another substantive authorship change must be filed using the journal’s official Authorship Change Request Form. Such a request should explain the reason for the proposed change; identify both the current and proposed author lists; provide a revised CRediT contributions statement when contributions are affected; include written agreement from every author, including anyone being added, removed, or repositioned; and include a newly submitted Statement of Manuscript Authenticity reflecting the revised list and order.

Before reaching a decision, the journal may ask for further explanations, contribution records, correspondence, institutional confirmation, identification, or other relevant documentation. Filing the form does not guarantee approval. The Editor will decide on the request by considering the journal’s policies, publication ethics, available evidence, and the need to preserve the integrity of the scholarly record.

As a general rule, changes to authorship are not accepted after a manuscript has been accepted for publication, except when needed to correct a substantiated authorship error or address a concern involving publication ethics or research integrity.

5.    Authorship Changes After Publication

A request to amend authorship after publication will be considered only when a legitimate, verifiable, and ethically defensible reason is provided. The published author record must not be altered without transparent notice.

If the journal approves a post-publication change, the scholarly record will be updated through a Correction or another suitable notice, consistent with the Research Misconduct and Post-Publication Policy. Depending on the case, the journal may request the official change form, written consent from all authors, an updated Statement of Manuscript Authenticity, revised CRediT information, institutional records, or other supporting evidence.

If the authors cannot reach agreement because of a dispute, the journal may postpone consideration until the relevant institution, research-integrity office, or other competent body has clarified or resolved the matter.

6.    Non-Author Contributors

Individuals whose involvement in a study or manuscript does not meet the authorship criteria must not be listed as authors. Where suitable, their specific assistance may be recognized in the Acknowledgements section, provided that the acknowledgement is accurate and ethically appropriate.

Examples include technical or language assistance, administrative support, access to facilities, general oversight, and other forms of help that do not independently amount to a qualifying scholarly contribution.

7.    Inappropriate Authorship Practices

JPEKA prohibits authorship practices that create a misleading impression of who contributed to the scholarly work. These include:

  • Guest or Gift Authorship: naming someone as an author despite the absence of a qualifying scholarly contribution.
  • Honorary Authorship: assigning authorship mainly because of seniority, position, authority, reputation, or institutional ties rather than substantive contribution.
  • Ghost Authorship: excluding a person who qualifies for authorship or concealing a substantial contribution to the research or manuscript.
  • Purchased or Sold Authorship: buying or selling a place on the author list.
  • Transferred or Assigned Authorship: reallocating authorship without a genuine scholarly basis.
  • Other arrangements that deliberately misrepresent the individuals who contributed to the work.

Involvement by a third party, commercial editing provider, contract-writing service, paper mill, institutional official, or other intermediary does not warrant authorship unless that person independently satisfies the journal’s criteria. Suspected improper authorship may be treated as a publication-ethics or research-integrity concern and reviewed under the journal’s Research Misconduct and Post-Publication Policy.

8.    Authorship Disputes

Authors should settle questions about eligibility, author order, and the allocation of contributions before submitting a manuscript. If a dispute emerges during editorial processing, JPEKA may pause the process while the issue is examined.

To clarify a dispute, the journal may request individual statements, an Authorship Change Request Form, CRediT information, research or contribution records, relevant correspondence, clarification from an institution, or other pertinent evidence. Editors may determine whether the journal’s authorship rules have been followed, but they are not ordinarily responsible for deciding private disagreements about relative contributions, ownership, employment relationships, or internal arrangements among researchers.

When the authors cannot resolve a substantive dispute themselves, the journal may refer the matter to, or wait for clarification from, the relevant institution, research-integrity office, ethics body, or another appropriate authority. Editorial or publication procedures may remain on hold until sufficient clarification or resolution is available.

9.    Authorship Misconduct

Suspected guest, gift, honorary, ghost, purchased, sold, transferred, fabricated, manipulated, or otherwise inappropriate authorship may constitute research or publication misconduct. When information indicates that contributions or authorship may have been deliberately misrepresented, the journal may conduct an editorial or research-integrity assessment and seek explanations from authors, institutions, or other relevant parties.

Depending on the evidence and whether the work is under review or already published, possible responses include requesting clarification or documentation; correcting author details; rejecting the manuscript; suspending editorial processing; issuing a Correction or Corrigendum; publishing an Expression of Concern; retracting the article when justified; referring the matter to the appropriate institution or authority; or taking another proportionate editorial measure. Further procedures are set out in the journal’s Research Misconduct and Post-Publication Policy.

10. Artificial Intelligence and Authorship

Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI), large language models, chatbots, AI-assisted systems, and other technological tools cannot be listed as authors or co-authors. Authorship entails human scholarly contribution, responsibility, accountability, approval of the submitted and final versions, and the capacity to answer for the integrity of the work.

Human authors retain full responsibility for all material submitted to and published by JPEKA, including content drafted, revised, translated, analyzed, or otherwise prepared with the assistance of AI or other tools. Use of AI or AI-assisted technologies must be disclosed whenever the journal’s policy requires it. Further details are provided in the Generative Artificial Intelligences Utilization Policy.

11. Relationship to Other Journal Policies

Issues involving authorship and contributor roles may overlap with publication ethics, conflicts of interest, research integrity, the use of generative AI, and changes made after publication. Where relevant, this policy should therefore be read alongside the journal’s Publication Ethics and Malpractice Statement, Research Misconduct and Post-Publication Policy, Conflict of Interest and Competing Interests Policy, and Generative Artificial Intelligences Utilization Policy.

12. Policy Review

JPEKA may periodically reassess and update this policy in response to changes in publication-ethics guidance, authorship and contributorship standards, research-integrity practice, journal requirements, applicable regulations, and other developments in scholarly communication.

If a situation is not expressly addressed here, the Editor may exercise professional judgment by considering the available evidence, relevant journal policies, appropriate external guidance, clarification from institutions, and the need to protect the scholarly record. The currently approved policy remains in force until a revised version is formally adopted.

13. References and Standards

  • Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Guidance and Resources on Authorship and Contributorship.
  • COPE, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Open Access Scholarly Publishing Association (OASPA), and World Association of Medical Editors (WAME). Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing.
  • CRediT – Contributor Roles Taxonomy. Contributor Roles Taxonomy (CRediT).