Enhancing learning interest and physical fitness through game-based physical activities among elementary school students

Ilmul Ma'arif; Risfandi Setyawan; Rendra Wahyu Pradana

doi:10.26740/bimaloka.v6i2.53750

Authors

Ilmul Ma'arif Physical Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas PGRI Jombang
Risfandi Setyawan Physical Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas PGRI Jombang
Rendra Wahyu Pradana Physical Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas PGRI Jombang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26740/bimaloka.v6i2.53750

Abstract

This study examined the effect of game-based physical activities on elementary school students’ learning interest and physical fitness. A quantitative approach with a one-group pretest-posttest design was employed. The participants were 55 fourth-grade students from Pandanwangi State Elementary School, selected through purposive sampling. The intervention consisted of game-based physical activities implemented over eight weeks during Physical Education (PE) classes. Physical fitness was assessed using a standardized field-based fitness test consisting of a 40-m sprint, bent-arm hang, sit-ups, standing long jump, and 600-m run. Learning interest was measured using a questionnaire covering four dimensions: attention to learning materials, interest in learning activities, perseverance in participation, and active engagement during the learning process. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired-samples t-tests. The findings revealed significant improvements in both physical fitness and learning interest following the intervention (p < 0.001). The mean physical fitness score increased from 13.85 to 16.11, representing a 16.27% improvement, while the mean learning interest score increased from 52.60 to 72.84, representing a 38.47% improvement. Furthermore, the proportion of students achieving the high physical fitness category increased from 7.2% to 29.1%, whereas those demonstrating high learning interest increased from 18.18% to 54.5%. These findings indicate that game-based physical activities effectively enhance both the physical and affective outcomes of elementary school students. In conclusion, integrating game-based physical activities into Physical Education instruction provides an engaging learning environment that promotes students’ physical fitness and learning interest. Therefore, this approach is recommended as an effective instructional strategy for elementary school Physical Education.

References

Aji, K., & Rahayu, Ega Trisna. (2023). Efektivitas Project Based Learning Dalam Kurikulum Merdeka Pada Pembelajaran Aktivitas Pengembangan Terhadap Minat Belajar Siswa Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan. Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan, 9(6), 263–269.

Al-Adawiah, N. R. (2026). Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Permainan Untuk Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Pendidikan Jasmani Pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar Di Sdn Risa Woha Kelas 2. Pior, Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga, 5(1), 9–15.

Angraini, C., Siregar, S., Ginting, Z. P., & Harahap, L. (2024). Upaya Meningkatkan Minat Siswa Sd Dalam Pembelajaran Pjok ( Senam Irama ). Jpko Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Kepelatihan Olahraga, 2(2), 39–41.

Artiluhung, R. R., Mahendra, A., Yulianto, A. G., Aman, M. S., & History, A. (2024). Systematic Literature Review: Strategies For Active And Creative Learning In Elementary School Physical Education. Journal Of Physical Education, Sport, Health And Recreations, 13(3), 542–547.

Culajara, C. J. (2022). Integrating Game-Based Approach In Students Learning Experiences In Physical Education: A Phenomenological Study. Edu Sportivo: Indonesian Journal Of Physical Education, 3(3), 242–254.

Darajat, R. G., & Septiadi, F. (2026). Survei Minat Belajar Siswa Dalam Pembelajaran Pjok Di Sdit Darussalam. 5(2), 630–638.

Emeljanovas, A., Mieziene, B., Cesnaitiene, V. J., Fjortoft, I., & Kjønniksen, L. (2020). Physical Fitness and Anthropometric Values Among Lithuanian Primary School Children: Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 34(2), 414–421. http://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003387

Firman, L., Dinata, K., & Afrian, H. (2025). Analisis Minat Belajar Pada Mata Pelajaran Pjok. 1(3), 127–133.

Firnanda, R. L., Prastiwi, B. K., & Maliki, O. (2026). Pengaruh Permainan Tradisional Gobak Sodor Untuk Meningkatkan Minat Siswa Materi Kebugaran Jasmani. Jendela Olahraga, 11(01), 30–42.

Furnandi, A., Rifki, M. S., Syahrastani, & Yudi, A. A. (2022). Pengaruh Status Gizi, Kesegaran Jasmani Dan Motivasi Belajar Terhadap Hasil Belajar Pjok. Jurnal Patriot, 4, 344–352. Https://Doi.Org/10.24036/Patriot.V4i4.913

Han, Y., Kamaruzaman, S., Syed, B. I. N., & Ji, L. (2021). Original Article Effects Of Crossfit Intervention On Students ’ Physical Fitness In Physical Education : A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis. 21(September), 2585–2590. Https://Doi.Org/10.7752/Jpes.2021.05346

Hasmara, P. S., & Ma’arif, I. (2022). Tingkat Kebugaran Jasmani Siswa Kelas V Sdn Centong Kecamatan Gondang Kabupaten Mojokerto Pada Era New Normal. Jurnal Phedheral, 19(1), 40–50.

Hernández-Mosqueira, C., Quezada, H. C., Peña-Troncoso, S., Fernandes, S., Cresp-Barría, M., Cárcamo-Oyarzun, J., Martínez-Salazar, C., Caniuqueo-Vargas, A., & Fernandes, J. (2020). Assessment Of The Nutritional Status And Physical Condition Of Basic Education Students In Chile. Nutrición Hospitalaria, 4–10.

Kapti, J., & Winarno, M. E. (2022). Hubungan Kebugaran Jasmani Dan Motivasi Belajar Terhadap Hasil Belajar Penjas Smp: Literature Review. Sport Science And Health, 4(3), 258–267. Https://Doi.Org/10.17977/Um062v4i32022p258-267

Maisaroh, P., Athar, & Kahri, M. (2020). Analisis Komponen Kebugaran Jasmani Peserta Didik Sekolah Dasar Negeri Dilihat Dari Sarana Dan Prasarana Pendidikan Jasmani Kelas V Usia 10 – 12 Tahun Kota Banjarbaru. Stabilitas Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani Dan Olahraga, 1(1), 80–83.

Osrita, G., Welis, W., Rasyid, W., Zarya, F., & Ichsan, M. (2023). Pengaruh Status Gizi , Kebugaran Jasmani , Motivasi Belajar Terhadap Hasil Belajar Pjok Sd. Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani Indonesia, 16(2), 224–239.

Prakosa, T. K. W., & Hartati, S. C. Y. (2022). Peningkatan Kebugaran Jasmani Siswa Melalui Aktivitas Fisik Ringan Dalam Pembelajaran Pjok. Riyadhoh : Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga, 5(2), 39–49.

Pratama, D. A., & Winarno, M. E. (2022). Hubungan Status Gizi Dan Kebugaran Jasmani Terhadap Hasil Belajar Penjas Siswa Sma : Literature Review. 4(3), 238–249. Https://Doi.Org/10.17977/Um062v4i32022p238-249

Putri, S. W., Afriwardi, & Rusjdi, D. A. (2021). Apakah Indeks Massa Tubuh Memengaruhi Kebugaran Jasmani Siswa Sekolah Dasar ? Jikesi Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia, 2(2), 29–35.

Salim, M. I., Utomo, G. M., & Darisman, E. K. (2025). Pengaruh Permainan Gobak Sodor Terhadap Peningkatan Kebugaran Jasmani Pada Siswa Sdn Banjarkemuning Sedati Sidoarjo The Effect Of Gobak Sodor Game On Improving Physical Fitness In Students Of Sdn Banjarkemuning Sedati Sidoarjo. 11(1), 22–33.

Samosir, F., & Aditya, R. (2022). Model Pendekatan Bermain Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Kebugaran Jasmani. Jurnal Mahasiswa Pendidikan Olahraga, 2(2), 137–148. Https://Doi.Org/10.55081/Jumper.V2i2.559

Setiawandi, Amiruddin, Marlina, Y., & Razali. (2025). Pengaruh Status Gizi, Kebugaran Jasmani, Motivasi Belajar Terhadap Hasil Belajar Pjok Sd. Assyifa : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 1(1), 58–68.

Sibero, F. A. T., Siregar, S., Sitorus, D., & Saragih, C. (2024). Survei Tentang Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Siswa Sd Dalam Pembelajaran Pjok Melalui Permainan Tradisional. 5.

Surfiyah, D., & Kurniawan, A. W. (2023). Survei Kebugaran Jasmani Siswa Di Sma Negeri 5 Malang. Jassi Journal Sport Science Indonesia, 2, 210–224.

Syifa, H. F., & Rizal, B. T. (2024). Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Permainan Ular Tangga Terhadap Minat Belajar Pjok Siswa Kelas Iv Sekolah Dasar. Ideguru: Jurnal Karya Ilmiah Guru, 9(3), 1644–1652. Https://Doi.Org/10.51169/Ideguru.V9i3.1180

Yuliana, C., Putra, I. M., Wulandari, T., Ihsan, M. I. A.-, & Prasetyo, O. D. (2024). Pengaruh Permainan Kecil Terhadap Minat Belajar Siswa Dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani Olahraga Dan Kesehatan Di Smpn 7 Muara Bungo. Journal Of S.P.O.R.T, 8(1), 159–168.

Yuliawan, E., Triwahyuda, A. K., Utomo, T. N., Sidabutar, R. I., & Ahsan, A. M. (2025). Studi Literatur Tentang Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Permainan Dalam Meningkatkan Kebugaran Jasmani Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Pendas : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 10(4), 2548–6950.