Kompetensi Sosial Remaja Berdasarkan Status Pekerjaan dan Pola Pengasuhan Ibu
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26740/jptt.v11n1.p47-59Keywords:
Kompetensi sosial, remaja, status pekerjaan, pola asuh, ibuAbstract
This study was aimed to determine the difference of adolescents social competence based on their mothers working and non-working status and parenting styles. The interaction between mothers work status and their parenting styles in determining adolescents social competence was also tested. A total number of 292 Junior High School students whose ages ranged from 11 to15 years old were involved in this study. Data were collected using online questionnaires of social competence and parenting styles and were analyzed using two-way ANOVA. The results reveal no difference in social competence between adolescents whose mothers are working and those whose mothers are not working. However, a significant difference of the adolescents social competence was found when it is based on mothers parenting styles. The result also shows no interaction between mothers working status and their parenting styles.
Keywords: Social competence, adolescents, work status, parenting style, mother
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kompetensi sosial pada remaja dengan ibu bekerja dan tidak bekerja dan perbedaan kompetensi sosial pada remaja ditinjau dari pola asuh ibu. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui interaksi antara status pekerjaan ibu dengan pola asuh ibu dalam menentukan kompetensi sosial. Partisipan penelitian adalah 292 remaja siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) yang berusia antara 11-15 tahun. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk koleksi data adalah skala Kompetensi Sosial dan Skala Pola Asuh Ibu. Data penelitian dianalisis menggunakan Two Way ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan kompetensi sosial pada remaja dengan ibu bekerja dan tidak bekerja. Namun, terdapat perbedaan kompetensi sosial pada remaja ditinjau dari pola asuh ibu. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan tidak terdapat interaksi antara status pekerjaan ibu dengan pola asuh ibu dalam menentukan kompetensi sosial remaja.
References
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Ang, R. P. H., & Goh, D. H. L. (2006). Authoritarian Parenting Style in Asian Societies: A cluster-analytic investigation. Contemporary Family Therapy, 28(1), 131151. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10591-006-9699-y
Anish, K. R., Divya, G. S., & Skaria, S. M. (2014). Social Competence Model for Adolescents¯: Reflections from an Intervention Study. Artha J Soc Sci, 13(2), 119. https://doi.org/10.12724/ajss.29.1
Azwar, S. (2012). Reliabilitas dan Validitas (Edisi 4). Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Baumrind, D. (1991). The Influence of Parenting Style on Adolescent Competence and Substance Use. Journal of Early Adolescence, 11, 5695. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431691111004
Cartledge, G., & Milburn, J. F. (1995). Teaching Social Skills to Children and Youth: Innovative Approaches. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
Chao, R. K. (1994). Beyond Parental Control and Authoritarian parenting style: Understanding Chinese Parenting through The Cultural Notion of Training. Child Development, 65(4), 11111119. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1994.tb00806.x
Cristiany. (2014). Konsep Diri, Pola Asuh Orang tua Demokratis dan Kompetensi Sosial Siswa. Jurnal Psikologi Indonesia, 3(01), 921. https://doi.org/10.30996/persona.v3i01.365
Dumas, T. M., Ellis, W. E., & Wolfe, D. A. (2012). Identity Development as A Buffer of Adolescent Risk Behaviors in The Context of Peer Group Pressure and Control. Journal of Adolescence, 35(4), 917927. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2011.12.012
Ember, C. R., & Ember, M. (Eds.) (2003). Encyclopedia of Sex and Gender: Men and Women in the Worlds Cultures. Vol I: Topics and Cultures A-K. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers.
Emilia, & Leonardi, T. (2012). Hubungan Antara kompetensi Sosial dengan Perilaku Cyberbullying yang Dilakukan oleh Remaja Usia 15-17 Tahun. Jurnal Psikologi Kepribadian dan Sosial, 2(2), 7989. http://journal.unair.ac.id/download-fullpapers-jpks0889d3a9972full.pdf
Fuadi, A., Mutiah, T., & Hartosujono, H. (2019). Faktor-Faktor Determinasi Perilaku Klitih. Jurnal Spirits, 9(2), 8898. https://doi.org/10.30738/spirits.v9i2.6324
Hazadiyah, D., Kardinah, N., & Sunardi, I. (2012). Hubungan antara Kompetensi Sosial dan Kepercayaan Diri pada Siswa. Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi, 5(2), 667676. https://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/psy/article/view/2160
Hoeve, M., Dubas, J. S., Eichelsheim, V. I., Laan, P. H. van der, Smeenk, W., & Gerris, J. R. M. (2009). The Relationship Between Parenting and Delinquency: A Meta-analysis. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 37(6), 749775. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-009-9310-8
Hurlock, E. B. (2005). Psikologi Perkembangan: Suatu Pendekatan Sepanjang Rentang Kehidupan (5th ed.). Jakarta: Penerbit Erlangga.
Juhardin, Hos, J, & Roslan, U. (2016). Dampak Pola Asuh Orang tua terhadap Perilaku Anak (Studi di Desa Amberi Kecamatan Lambuya Kabupaten Konawe). Journal Neo Societal, 1, 148160. http://ojs.uho.ac.id/index.php/NeoSocietal/article/view/9526
Kazemi, A., Ardabili, H. E., & Solokian, S. (2010). The Association Between Social Competence in Adolescents and Mothers Parenting Style: A Cross Sectional Study on Iranian Girls. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 27(6), 395403. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-010-0213-x
Kumari, A., & Kuntal, M. (2018). Social Competence among Adolescents of Working and Non Working Mothers. IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science, 23(3), 7177. https://doi.org/10.9790/0837-2303037177
Lau, S., & Cheung, P. C. (1987). Relations between Chinese Adolescents Perception of Parental Control and Organization and Their Perception of Parental Warmth. Developmental Psychology, 23(5), 726729. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.23.5.726
Merdeka.com. (2019, Februari 10). Kronologi Lengkap Kasus Siswa Tantang Guru Honorer Karena Ditegur Saat Merokok. Retrieved from https://www.merdeka.com/peristiwa/kronologi-lengkap-kasus-siswa-tantang-guru-honorer-karena-ditegur-saat-merokok.html
Odenweller, K. G., & Rittenour, C. E. (2017). Stereotypes of Stay-at-Home and Working Mothers. Southern Communication Journal, 82(2), 5772. https://doi.org/10.1080/1041794X.2017.1287214
Olivia, F. (2007). Hubungan Gaya Pengasuhan Authoritative dan Kompetensi Sosial pada Remaja (Suatu Penelitian pada Remaja Kelas 3 di SLTP œX Bandung). Thesis. Universitas Kristen Maranatha, Indonesia. Retrieved from http://repository.maranatha.edu/5474/
Paré, E. R., & Dillaway, H. E. (2005). œStaying at Home versus œWorking: A Call for Broader Conceptualizations of Parenthood and Paid Work. Michigan Family Review, 10(1), 6687. https://doi.org/10.3998/mfr.4919087.0010.105
Poduval, J., & Poduval, M. (2009). Working Mothers: How Much Working, How Much Mothers, and Where is The Womanhood? In Some Issues in Womens Studies and Other Essays, 7, 6379. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-1229.41799
Pragholapati, A., Muliani, R., & Aryanti, F. L. (2020). Hubungan Bullying Dengan Kemampuan Sosial Pada Remaja Di SMK X Kota Bandung. Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengukuran Psikologi, 9(1), 34-40. http://journal.unj.ac.id/unj/index.php/jppp/article/download/12687/8564/
Priti, & Rani, R. (2018). Social Competency among 9th Grade Students in Relation to Their Self Perception. International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 4(2), 665667. http://ijsrst.com/paper/2313.pdf
Rizeki, Z. P. (2012). Hubungan Antara Keterampilan Sosial dengan Perilaku Agresif Remaja Siswa Kelas Xi SMK Bunda Kandung Jakarta Selatan. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengukuran Psikologi, 1(1),177-182. https://doi.org/10.21009/jppp.011.23
Sahupala, O. N. (2014). Kontribusi Efikasi Diri Sosial dan Kompetensi Sosial terhadap Kesejahteraan Subjektif Remaja Awal (Master Thesis: Tidak diterbitkan). Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia.
Santrock, J. W. (2011). Life-Span Development Thirteenth Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Sitepu, J. M. (2017). Peran Kompetensi Sosial terhadap Coping Stress pada Remaja. Analitika:Jurnal Magister Psikologi UMA 9(2), 8590. https://doi.org/10.31289/analitika.v9i2.1392
Smart, D., & Sanson, A. (2003). Social Competence in Young Adulthood, Its Nature and Antecedents. Family Matters, 49. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/290487975
Suteja, J., & Yusriah. (2017). Dampak Pola Asuh Orang Tua terhadap Perkembangan Sosial-Emosional Anak. AWLADY Jurnal Pendidikan Anak, 3(1), 1-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24235/awlady.v3i1.1331
Taleb, T. F. A. (2013). Parenting Styles and Childrens Social Skills as Perceived by Jordanian Mothers of Preschool Children. Early Child Development and Care, 183(11), 16461660. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2012.744988
Taufiqqurahman, M. (2019, Februari 12). Kisah Pilu Cleaning Service Sekolah Digebuki Siswa dan Dikatai Anjing. Retrieved from https://news.detik.com/berita/d-4424114/kisah-pilu-cleaning-service-sekolah-digebuki-siswa-dan-dikatai-anjing
Tejakomala, R. F. (2017). Kontribusi Pola Asuh Orang Tua terhadap Kompetensi Sosial Peserta Didik¯: Studi Deskriptif terhadap Peserta Didik Kelas XI MAN 1 Bandung Tahun Ajaran 2017/2018. Thesis. Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia. Retrieved from http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/33621
Tempo.co (2018, Juli 23). Hari Anak Nasional, KPAI Catat Kasus Bullying Paling Banyak. Retrieved from https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1109584/hari-anak-nasional-kpai-catat-kasus-bullying-paling-banyak
Tomé, G., Matos, M. G., Simões, C., Camacho, I., & Diniz, J. A. (2012). How Can Peer Group Influence The Behavior of Adolescents: Explanatory Model. Global Journal of Health Science, 4(2), 2635. https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v4n2p26
Tong, L., Shinohara, R., Sugisawa, Y., Tanaka, E., Maruyama, A., Sawada, Y., ¦ Anme, T. (2009). Relationship of Working Mothers Parenting Style and Consistency to Early Childhood Development: A Longitudinal Investigation. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 65(10), 20672076. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2009.05058.x
Tunstall, D. F. (1994). Social Competence Needs in Young Children: What the Research Says. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED371879.pdf
Uba, I., Hassan, S. A. B., Mofrad, S., Abdulla, R., & Yaacob, S. N. (2012). Redefining Social Competence and Its Relationship with Authoritarian Parenting. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 46, 18761880. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.05.395
Vijila, Y., Thomas, J., & Ponnusamy, A. (2013). Relationship between Parenting Styles and Adolescent Social Competence. Journal of Humanities And Social Science, 17(3), 3436. https://doi.org/10.9790/0837-1733436
Vimple, & Sawhney, S. (2017). Relationship between Social Competence and Home Environment of Adolescents. Learning Community: An International Journal of Educational and Social Development, 8(3), 135145. https://doi.org/10.5958/2231-458x.2017.00018.5
Wahyuningsih, I. S., & Krisnatuti, D. (2017). Mothers Parenting Style, Sibling Relationship, and Learning Motivation of Youngest Child Adolescent. Journal of Family Sciences, 2(1), 1527. https://doi.org/10.29244/jfs.2.1.15-27
Wu, F., & Qi, S. (2005). Parenting within Cultural Context: Comparisons between African-American and Asian-American Parents. Paper presented at the annual conference of American Educational Research Association, Montreal, Canada, April 2005. Retrieved from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/5af8/542e5a62ba04c7c5fd7642c89abbb623d445.pdf
Yuliana, N., & Rohman, U. (2010). Hubungan Konsep Diri dengan Kompetensi Sosial pada Siswa Kelas VIII MTs Ad-Dawa Bekasi Tahun Pelajaran 2006-2007. Psympatic: Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi, 3(1), 4558. https://doi.org/10.15575/psy.v3i1.2176
Yulianti, R. P., & Kristiana, I. F. (2017). Hubungan antara Kelekatan Aman dengan Kompetensi Sosial pada Siswa Pendatang di SMA Kristen Satya Wacana Salatiga. Empati, 6(4), 254-258. https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/empati/article/view/20065
Ang, R. P. H., & Goh, D. H. L. (2006). Authoritarian Parenting Style in Asian Societies: A cluster-analytic investigation. Contemporary Family Therapy, 28(1), 131151. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10591-006-9699-y
Anish, K. R., Divya, G. S., & Skaria, S. M. (2014). Social Competence Model for Adolescents¯: Reflections from an Intervention Study. Artha J Soc Sci, 13(2), 119. https://doi.org/10.12724/ajss.29.1
Azwar, S. (2012). Reliabilitas dan Validitas (Edisi 4). Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Baumrind, D. (1991). The Influence of Parenting Style on Adolescent Competence and Substance Use. Journal of Early Adolescence, 11, 5695. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431691111004
Cartledge, G., & Milburn, J. F. (1995). Teaching Social Skills to Children and Youth: Innovative Approaches. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
Chao, R. K. (1994). Beyond Parental Control and Authoritarian parenting style: Understanding Chinese Parenting through The Cultural Notion of Training. Child Development, 65(4), 11111119. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1994.tb00806.x
Cristiany. (2014). Konsep Diri, Pola Asuh Orang tua Demokratis dan Kompetensi Sosial Siswa. Jurnal Psikologi Indonesia, 3(01), 921. https://doi.org/10.30996/persona.v3i01.365
Dumas, T. M., Ellis, W. E., & Wolfe, D. A. (2012). Identity Development as A Buffer of Adolescent Risk Behaviors in The Context of Peer Group Pressure and Control. Journal of Adolescence, 35(4), 917927. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2011.12.012
Ember, C. R., & Ember, M. (Eds.) (2003). Encyclopedia of Sex and Gender: Men and Women in the Worlds Cultures. Vol I: Topics and Cultures A-K. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers.
Emilia, & Leonardi, T. (2012). Hubungan Antara kompetensi Sosial dengan Perilaku Cyberbullying yang Dilakukan oleh Remaja Usia 15-17 Tahun. Jurnal Psikologi Kepribadian dan Sosial, 2(2), 7989. http://journal.unair.ac.id/download-fullpapers-jpks0889d3a9972full.pdf
Fuadi, A., Mutiah, T., & Hartosujono, H. (2019). Faktor-Faktor Determinasi Perilaku Klitih. Jurnal Spirits, 9(2), 8898. https://doi.org/10.30738/spirits.v9i2.6324
Hazadiyah, D., Kardinah, N., & Sunardi, I. (2012). Hubungan antara Kompetensi Sosial dan Kepercayaan Diri pada Siswa. Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi, 5(2), 667676. https://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/psy/article/view/2160
Hoeve, M., Dubas, J. S., Eichelsheim, V. I., Laan, P. H. van der, Smeenk, W., & Gerris, J. R. M. (2009). The Relationship Between Parenting and Delinquency: A Meta-analysis. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 37(6), 749775. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-009-9310-8
Hurlock, E. B. (2005). Psikologi Perkembangan: Suatu Pendekatan Sepanjang Rentang Kehidupan (5th ed.). Jakarta: Penerbit Erlangga.
Juhardin, Hos, J, & Roslan, U. (2016). Dampak Pola Asuh Orang tua terhadap Perilaku Anak (Studi di Desa Amberi Kecamatan Lambuya Kabupaten Konawe). Journal Neo Societal, 1, 148160. http://ojs.uho.ac.id/index.php/NeoSocietal/article/view/9526
Kazemi, A., Ardabili, H. E., & Solokian, S. (2010). The Association Between Social Competence in Adolescents and Mothers Parenting Style: A Cross Sectional Study on Iranian Girls. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 27(6), 395403. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-010-0213-x
Kumari, A., & Kuntal, M. (2018). Social Competence among Adolescents of Working and Non Working Mothers. IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science, 23(3), 7177. https://doi.org/10.9790/0837-2303037177
Lau, S., & Cheung, P. C. (1987). Relations between Chinese Adolescents Perception of Parental Control and Organization and Their Perception of Parental Warmth. Developmental Psychology, 23(5), 726729. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.23.5.726
Merdeka.com. (2019, Februari 10). Kronologi Lengkap Kasus Siswa Tantang Guru Honorer Karena Ditegur Saat Merokok. Retrieved from https://www.merdeka.com/peristiwa/kronologi-lengkap-kasus-siswa-tantang-guru-honorer-karena-ditegur-saat-merokok.html
Odenweller, K. G., & Rittenour, C. E. (2017). Stereotypes of Stay-at-Home and Working Mothers. Southern Communication Journal, 82(2), 5772. https://doi.org/10.1080/1041794X.2017.1287214
Olivia, F. (2007). Hubungan Gaya Pengasuhan Authoritative dan Kompetensi Sosial pada Remaja (Suatu Penelitian pada Remaja Kelas 3 di SLTP œX Bandung). Thesis. Universitas Kristen Maranatha, Indonesia. Retrieved from http://repository.maranatha.edu/5474/
Paré, E. R., & Dillaway, H. E. (2005). œStaying at Home versus œWorking: A Call for Broader Conceptualizations of Parenthood and Paid Work. Michigan Family Review, 10(1), 6687. https://doi.org/10.3998/mfr.4919087.0010.105
Poduval, J., & Poduval, M. (2009). Working Mothers: How Much Working, How Much Mothers, and Where is The Womanhood? In Some Issues in Womens Studies and Other Essays, 7, 6379. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-1229.41799
Pragholapati, A., Muliani, R., & Aryanti, F. L. (2020). Hubungan Bullying Dengan Kemampuan Sosial Pada Remaja Di SMK X Kota Bandung. Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengukuran Psikologi, 9(1), 34-40. http://journal.unj.ac.id/unj/index.php/jppp/article/download/12687/8564/
Priti, & Rani, R. (2018). Social Competency among 9th Grade Students in Relation to Their Self Perception. International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 4(2), 665667. http://ijsrst.com/paper/2313.pdf
Rizeki, Z. P. (2012). Hubungan Antara Keterampilan Sosial dengan Perilaku Agresif Remaja Siswa Kelas Xi SMK Bunda Kandung Jakarta Selatan. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengukuran Psikologi, 1(1),177-182. https://doi.org/10.21009/jppp.011.23
Sahupala, O. N. (2014). Kontribusi Efikasi Diri Sosial dan Kompetensi Sosial terhadap Kesejahteraan Subjektif Remaja Awal (Master Thesis: Tidak diterbitkan). Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia.
Santrock, J. W. (2011). Life-Span Development Thirteenth Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Sitepu, J. M. (2017). Peran Kompetensi Sosial terhadap Coping Stress pada Remaja. Analitika:Jurnal Magister Psikologi UMA 9(2), 8590. https://doi.org/10.31289/analitika.v9i2.1392
Smart, D., & Sanson, A. (2003). Social Competence in Young Adulthood, Its Nature and Antecedents. Family Matters, 49. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/290487975
Suteja, J., & Yusriah. (2017). Dampak Pola Asuh Orang Tua terhadap Perkembangan Sosial-Emosional Anak. AWLADY Jurnal Pendidikan Anak, 3(1), 1-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24235/awlady.v3i1.1331
Taleb, T. F. A. (2013). Parenting Styles and Childrens Social Skills as Perceived by Jordanian Mothers of Preschool Children. Early Child Development and Care, 183(11), 16461660. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2012.744988
Taufiqqurahman, M. (2019, Februari 12). Kisah Pilu Cleaning Service Sekolah Digebuki Siswa dan Dikatai Anjing. Retrieved from https://news.detik.com/berita/d-4424114/kisah-pilu-cleaning-service-sekolah-digebuki-siswa-dan-dikatai-anjing
Tejakomala, R. F. (2017). Kontribusi Pola Asuh Orang Tua terhadap Kompetensi Sosial Peserta Didik¯: Studi Deskriptif terhadap Peserta Didik Kelas XI MAN 1 Bandung Tahun Ajaran 2017/2018. Thesis. Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia. Retrieved from http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/33621
Tempo.co (2018, Juli 23). Hari Anak Nasional, KPAI Catat Kasus Bullying Paling Banyak. Retrieved from https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1109584/hari-anak-nasional-kpai-catat-kasus-bullying-paling-banyak
Tomé, G., Matos, M. G., Simões, C., Camacho, I., & Diniz, J. A. (2012). How Can Peer Group Influence The Behavior of Adolescents: Explanatory Model. Global Journal of Health Science, 4(2), 2635. https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v4n2p26
Tong, L., Shinohara, R., Sugisawa, Y., Tanaka, E., Maruyama, A., Sawada, Y., ¦ Anme, T. (2009). Relationship of Working Mothers Parenting Style and Consistency to Early Childhood Development: A Longitudinal Investigation. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 65(10), 20672076. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2009.05058.x
Tunstall, D. F. (1994). Social Competence Needs in Young Children: What the Research Says. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED371879.pdf
Uba, I., Hassan, S. A. B., Mofrad, S., Abdulla, R., & Yaacob, S. N. (2012). Redefining Social Competence and Its Relationship with Authoritarian Parenting. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 46, 18761880. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.05.395
Vijila, Y., Thomas, J., & Ponnusamy, A. (2013). Relationship between Parenting Styles and Adolescent Social Competence. Journal of Humanities And Social Science, 17(3), 3436. https://doi.org/10.9790/0837-1733436
Vimple, & Sawhney, S. (2017). Relationship between Social Competence and Home Environment of Adolescents. Learning Community: An International Journal of Educational and Social Development, 8(3), 135145. https://doi.org/10.5958/2231-458x.2017.00018.5
Wahyuningsih, I. S., & Krisnatuti, D. (2017). Mothers Parenting Style, Sibling Relationship, and Learning Motivation of Youngest Child Adolescent. Journal of Family Sciences, 2(1), 1527. https://doi.org/10.29244/jfs.2.1.15-27
Wu, F., & Qi, S. (2005). Parenting within Cultural Context: Comparisons between African-American and Asian-American Parents. Paper presented at the annual conference of American Educational Research Association, Montreal, Canada, April 2005. Retrieved from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/5af8/542e5a62ba04c7c5fd7642c89abbb623d445.pdf
Yuliana, N., & Rohman, U. (2010). Hubungan Konsep Diri dengan Kompetensi Sosial pada Siswa Kelas VIII MTs Ad-Dawa Bekasi Tahun Pelajaran 2006-2007. Psympatic: Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi, 3(1), 4558. https://doi.org/10.15575/psy.v3i1.2176
Yulianti, R. P., & Kristiana, I. F. (2017). Hubungan antara Kelekatan Aman dengan Kompetensi Sosial pada Siswa Pendatang di SMA Kristen Satya Wacana Salatiga. Empati, 6(4), 254-258. https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/empati/article/view/20065
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2020-09-14
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Apriza, S. T., & Saptandari, E. W. (2020). Kompetensi Sosial Remaja Berdasarkan Status Pekerjaan dan Pola Pengasuhan Ibu. Jurnal Psikologi Teori Dan Terapan, 11(1), 47–59. https://doi.org/10.26740/jptt.v11n1.p47-59
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