Analisis Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Sekitar Dark Tourism Destination "Museum Sisa Hartaku" dengan RETS Framework
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26740/jim.v13n3.p716–728Kata Kunci:
dark tourism, RETS frameworks, tourist destination, rural empowerment, niche tourismAbstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak destinasi dark tourism "Museum Sisa Hartaku" terhadap masyarakat di sekitar destinasi wisata tersebut menggunakan pendekatan Rural Empowerment of Tourism Scale (RETS). Pengukuran dengan RETS mengkaji aspek pemberdayaan psikologis, sosial, dan politik. Destinasi dark tourism merupakan bentuk niche tourism yang berupaya menonjolkan sisi gelap suatu daerah dan mengubahnya menjadi objek wisata. Kehadiran destinasi dark tourism di masyarakat terdampak bencana diharapkan dapat memberikan dampak pemberdayaan. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode campuran dalam upaya pengumpulan data dan analisis menggunakan SPSS dan SEM-AMOS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat setuju bahwa mereka telah diberdayakan secara psikologis dan sosial, tetapi ragu apakah mereka telah diberdayakan secara politik. Implikasi penelitian menunjukkan bahwa RETS dapat digunakan untuk mengukur pemberdayaan masyarakat di sekitar dark tourism, dan juga bagaimana warga di sekitar destinasi wisata "Museum Sisa Hartaku" perlu lebih diberdayakan secara politik.
Referensi
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2022). Statistik Potensi Desa Indonesia 2021.
Ballesteros, D., Caldevilla, P., Vila, R., Barros, X. C., & Alemparte, M. (2021). Linking Geoheritage and Traditional Architecture for Mitigating Depopulation in Rural Areas: the Palaeozoic Villages Route (Courel Mountains UNESCO Global Geopark, Spain). Geoheritage, 13(3), 63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12371-021-00590-8
Basuki, R., Wonoseputro, C., & Tarigan, Z. J. H. (2023). The effect of tourism village development project on economic sustainability through tourism villages based on natural and cultural potentials. Journal of Project Management, 8(2), 133–140. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.jpm.2022.11.001
Becker, A. (2019). Dark tourism: The “heritagization” of sites of suffering, with an emphasis on memorials of the genocide perpetrated against the Tutsi of Rwanda. International Review of the Red Cross, 101(910), 317–331. https://doi.org/10.1017/S181638311900016X
Bestaeva, S. (2022). The Role of Rural Tourism in the Development of Economically Backward Regions, the Example of Georgia. European Scientific Journal ESJ, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.19044/esipreprint.7.2022.p462
Boley, B. B., Maruyama, N., & Woosnam, K. M. (2015). Measuring empowerment in an eastern context: Findings from Japan. Tourism Management, 50, 112–122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2015.01.011
Boley, B. B., & McGehee, N. G. (2014). Measuring empowerment: Developing and validating the Resident Empowerment through Tourism Scale (RETS). Tourism Management, 45, 85–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.04.003
Brecko, Y., & Sklencar, P. (2020). The Transformation Of Aspirations And The Behavior Of Modern Tourists. Materials Of The International Scientific And Practical Conference, 55–59. https://doi.org/10.31617/k.knute.2020-06-01.05
Febrian, F. (2022). Targeting Niche Tourism Using Niche Media: Expanding the Media in a Digital Era towards the Hashtag Generation. The 5th International Conference on Vocational Education Applied Science and Technology 2022, 39. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2022083039
Gao, C., Cheng, L., Iqbal, J., & Cheng, D. (2019). An Integrated Rural Development Mode Based on a Tourism-Oriented Approach: Exploring the Beautiful Village Project in China. Sustainability, 11(14), 3890. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11143890
Gong, J., Detchkhajornjaroensri, P., & Knight, D. W. (2019). Responsible tourism in Bangkok, Thailand: Resident perceptions of Chinese tourist behaviour. International Journal of Tourism Research, 21(2), 221–233. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2256
Gunawan, W., & Yunita, D. (2018). Village Tourism Development With Sharing Grants Model The Solution To Promote Village Sovereignty. Jurnal Community, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.35308/jcpds.v1i1.200
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate Data Analysis. Pearson Prentice Hall.
Hair, J. F., Gabriel, M. L. D. da S., & Patel, V. K. (2014). AMOS Covariance-Based Structural Equation Modeling (CB-SEM): Guidelines on Its Application as a Marketing Research Tool. Brazilian Journal of Marketing, 13(2), 44–55. https://doi.org/10.5585/remark.v13i2.2718
Iriani, S. S., Nuswantara, D. A., Sukardani, P. S., Kartika, A. D., Nugrohoseno, D., Junianta, R. D., & Run, P. (2024). Stand out among others: Utilizing green marketing strategy to achieve competitive advantage on Tourism Villages. E3S Web of Conferences, 568. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202456804030
Kunwar, R. R., & Karki, N. (2019). Dark Tourism: Understanding the Concept and Recognizing the Values. Journal of APF Command and Staff College, 2(1), 42–59. https://doi.org/10.3126/japfcsc.v2i1.26731
Lin, Y., Kelemen, M., & Tresidder, R. (2018). Post-disaster tourism: building resilience through community-led approaches in the aftermath of the 2011 disasters in Japan. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 26(10), 1766–1783. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2018.1511720
Maryanti, S., Netrawati, I. G. A. O., Suastina, I. G. P. B., Sukmana, F. H., & Martini, D. (2021). Post-Disaster Mitigation and Recovery in Tourism Destinations: Learning from The Lombok Earthquake. International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 571–584. https://doi.org/10.32628/IJSRST218297
Morten, R., Stone, P. R., & Jarratt, D. (2018). Dark Tourism as Psychogeography: An Initial Exploration. In The Palgrave Handbook of Dark Tourism Studies (pp. 227–255). Palgrave Macmillan UK. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-47566-4_10
Page, S. J., & Connell, J. (2020). Marketing tourism destinations. In Tourism (pp. 325–352). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003005520-18
Panayidou, C., Christou, P., & Saveriades, A. (2024). Dark tourism development in a leisure destination: the perceptions of the local community in Cyprus. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 19(6), 861–879. https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2024.2328721
Park, J., Zou, S., & Soulard, J. (2024). Transforming rural communities through tourism development: an examination of empowerment and disempowerment processes. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 32(4), 835–855. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2023.2178446
Proos, E., & Hattingh, J. (2022). Dark tourism: Growth potential of niche tourism in the Free State Province, South Africa. Development Southern Africa, 39(3), 303–320. https://doi.org/10.1080/0376835X.2020.1847636
Rachmawati, E. (2020). Tourism and community empowerment at Gunung Leuser National Park, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 528(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/528/1/012001
Ranasinghe, R., & Pradeepamali, J. (2019). Community Empowerment and their Support for Tourism Development: an Inquiry based on Resident Empowerment through Tourism Scale. Journal of Tourism and Services, 10(19), 55–76. https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v10i19.96
Rasyid, M., Makhfudhah, N. I. N., Cahyono, J. P., & Kristina, A. (2024). Impact of Tourism on Poverty Reduction: Strategies to Achieve Sustainable Development Goals Through Local Community Participation. Journal of Lifestyle and SDGs Review, 5(2), e02959. https://doi.org/10.47172/2965-730X.SDGsReview.v5.n02.pe02959
Ridzuan, H. I., Hamed, M. K., Omar, S. I., & Caisarina, I. (2019). The Potentials Of Dark Tourism In Banda Aceh, Indonesia. 699–707. https://doi.org/10.15405/epms.2019.12.70
Seraphin, H., & Korstanje, M. E. (2021). Neither Passive nor Powerless: Reframing Tourism Development in a Postcolonial, Post-conflict and Post-disaster Destination Context. In Progress in Ethical Practices of Businesses (pp. 117–135). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60727-2_7
Slusariuc, G. C. (2018). Rural Tourism an Opportunity For Development. Revista de Turism: Studii Si Cercetari in Turism, 26, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2017.1287002
Wani, M. D., Dada, Z. A., & Shah, S. A. (2024). The impact of community empowerment on sustainable tourism development and the mediation effect of local support: a structural equation Modeling approach. Community Development, 55(1), 50–66. https://doi.org/10.1080/15575330.2022.2109703
Wiweka, K., Setiawan, B., Wachyuni, S. S., & Adnyana, P. P. (2020). Local Perspective of Community Participation in Lake Toba as a Tourism Destination. International Journal of Tourism & Hospitality Reviews, 7(1), 87–94. https://doi.org/10.18510/ijthr.2020.7110
Wu, C. H., Ho, G. T. S., Lam, C. H. Y., Ip, W. H., Choy, K. L., & Tse, Y. K. (2016). An online niche-market tour identification system for the travel and tourism industry. Internet Research, 26(1), 167–185. https://doi.org/10.1108/IntR-08-2014-0204
Unduhan
Diterbitkan
Cara Mengutip
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
Artikel ini berlisensi Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Abstract views: 179
,
PDF Downloads: 73
