The Influence of Entrepreneurship Education, Motivation, and Self-Efficacy on Entrepreneurial Intentions: The Role of Family Environment Mediation Among Students
Main Article Content
Abstract
Objective: This study aims to analyze the role of the family environment in strengthening the influence of entrepreneurship education and motivation on students’ entrepreneurial intentions. Method: A quantitative approach using Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) was employed to analyze data from 281 respondents out of a total population of 1,044. Results: The results indicate that entrepreneurship education (β = 0,278, p < 0,001), entrepreneurial motivation (β = 0,272, p < 0,001), and self-efficacy significantly (β = 0,202, p < 0,001), and the family environment (β = 0.211, p < 0.001) have significant positive effects on entrepreneurial intention. Furthermore, the family environment significantly mediates the relationships between entrepreneurship education (β = 0.047, p = 0.008), entrepreneurial motivation (β = 0.089, p < 0.001), and self-efficacy (β = 0.043, p = 0.005) with entrepreneurial intention through complementary partial mediation. The structural model demonstrates moderate explanatory power, explaining 56.2% of the variance in the family environment (R² = 0.562) and 65.1% of the variance in entrepreneurial intention (R² = 0.651). Novelty: The novelty of this research emphasizes more on reconceptualizing the family environment as a strategic mediating mechanism that strengthens the process of transforming entrepreneurial knowledge and psychological resources into entrepreneurial intentions.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Ahmed, I. (2022). Linking self-efficacy, entrepreneurial fit, family support, and entrepreneurial intentions: An explanatory mechanism. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.959444
Ajzen, I. (1991). The Theory of Planned Behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
Al Halbusi, H., Soto-Acosta, P., & Popa, S. (2023). Analysing e-entrepreneurial intention from the theory of planned behaviour: the role of social media use and perceived social support. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 19(4), 1611–1642. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-023-00866-1
Al Lawati, E. H., Jumaan, I. A., Abdul Kohar, U. H., & Tarhini, A. (2026). Entrepreneurial intention revisited: The roles of entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurial culture, and social media usage. The International Journal of Management Education, 24(1), 101288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2025.101288
Amani, D., Ismail, I. J., Makona, A., Changalima, I. A., & Kazungu, I. (2024). Extending the mediation role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy on enhancing students’ entrepreneurial intentions: A moderated mediation model. The International Journal of Management Education, 22(1), 100915. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2023.100915
Arfah, A., Mapparenta, M., & Serang, S. (2023). The Influence of Entrepreneurship Education and Family Environment on Students’ Interest in Entrepreneurship. AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, 15(1), 157–170. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v15i1.2854
Bandura, A. (1985). Prentice-Hall series in social learning theory. Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Bauer, A. (2024). Accounting for qualification in mismatch unemployment. Journal for Labour Market Research, 58(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12651-024-00386-7
Bismala, L., Handayani, S., & Indari, A. (2024). Menguraikan Determinants Dari Entrepreneurial Intention Mahasiswa. Jurnal Diversita, 10(2), 291–302. https://doi.org/10.31289/diversita.v10i2.12176
BPS. (2025). Pencari Kerja Terlapor, Lowongan Kerja Terlapor, dan Penempatan/Pemenuhan Tenaga Kerja Menurut Kabupaten/Kota dan Jenis Kelamin di Provinsi Jawa Timur, 2025. https://jatim.bps.go.id/id/statistics-table/3/VEU5VVVERlVWM0JwYTNvdk1ISkpWR3R1VUhaVmR6MDkjMyMzNTAw/pencari-kerja-terlapor--lowongan-kerja-terlapor--dan-penempatan-pemenuhan-tenaga-kerja-menurut-kabupaten-kota-dan-jenis-kelamin-di-provinsi-jawa-timur.html?year=2025
Chandra, D. V., & Nuringsih, K. (2025). Dimensi Family Entrepreneurial Orientation sebagai Mediator Pengaruh Entrepreneurial Education terhadap Entrepreneurial Intention. Jurnal Manajerial Dan Kewirausahaan, 7(3), 834–840. https://doi.org/10.24912/jmk.v7i3.34625
Churchill, G. A. J. (1979). Paradigm for developing better measures of marketing constructs. Journal of Marketing Research, 16(1), 64–73. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3150876
Costin, Y., O’Brien, M. P., & Hynes, B. (2022). Entrepreneurial education: Maker or breaker in developing students’ entrepreneurial confidence, aptitude and self-efficacy? Industry and Higher Education, 36(3), 267–278. https://doi.org/10.1177/09504222211040662
Ekawarna, E., Denmar, D., & Bakar, M. (2022). Pengaruh Pendidikan Kewirausahaan, Efikasi Diri dan Motivasi Berwirausaha Terhadap Niat Berwirausaha Mahasiswa FKIP Universitas Jambi Angkatan 2019. Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Dan Ilmu Sosial, 3(1), 139–149. https://doi.org/10.38035/jmpis.v3i1.849
Ginting, Y. M., & Azizurrohman, M. (2025). Linking Entrepreneurship Education to Entrepreneurial Intentions: A Social Cognitive and Resource-Based Perspective. The Asian Journal of Technology Management (AJTM), 18(1), 55–76. https://doi.org/10.12695/ajtm.2025.18.1.4
Gracia, N., & Puspitowati, I. (2025). Pengaruh Pendidikan Kewirausahaan terhadap Niat Berwirausaha: Sikap dan Kontrol Perilaku yang Dirasakan sebagai Mediasi. Jurnal Manajerial Dan Kewirausahaan, 7(1), 197–205. https://doi.org/10.24912/jmk.v7i1.32991
Hafid, R., Santoso, I. R., & Gani, I. P. (2024). The Effect of Self-Efficacy Mediation on Entrepreneurship Education and Entrepreneurial Intention. Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi Dan Bisnis (JPEB), 12(01), 11–24. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPEB.012.1.2
Hagger, M. S., & Hamilton, K. (2025). Progress on theory of planned behavior research: advances in research synthesis and agenda for future research. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 48(1), 43–56. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-024-00545-8
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7
Hair, J., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Gudergan, S. P. (2017). Advanced Issues in Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. Sage Publishing.
Hoang, G., & Trong Luu, T. (2025). The Curvilinear Effect of Entrepreneurship Education on Entrepreneurial Intentions: The Roles of Entrepreneurial Passion and Resilience. Journal of Management Education, 49(1), 9–44. https://doi.org/10.1177/10525629241263801
Jebb, A. T., Ng, V., & Tay, L. (2021). A Review of Key Likert Scale Development Advances: 1995–2019. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.637547
Jiatong, W., Murad, M., Bajun, F., Tufail, M. S., Mirza, F., & Rafiq, M. (2021). Impact of Entrepreneurial Education, Mindset, and Creativity on Entrepreneurial Intention: Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.724440
Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining Sample Size for Research Activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30(3), 607–610. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316447003000308
Krosnick, J. A., & Alwin, D. F. (1987). An evaluation of a cognitive theory of response-order effects in survey measurement. Public Opinion Quarterly, 51(2), 201–219. https://doi.org/10.1086/269029
Kumar, R., & Raj, T. (2019). Role of Entrepreneurship in Boosting Economic Growth and Employment in India. SEDME (Small Enterprises Development, Management & Extension Journal): A Worldwide Window on MSME Studies, 46(4), 273–281. https://doi.org/10.1177/0970846419894750
Li, Y., Cao, K., & Jenatabadi, H. S. (2023). Effect of entrepreneurial education and creativity on entrepreneurial intention in college students: mediating entrepreneurial inspiration, mindset, and self-efficiency. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1240910
Loughran, R. J., Wallbrink, P. J., Walling, D. E., & Appleby, P. G. (2003). Sampling Methods. In Handbook for the Assessment of Soil Erosion and Sedimentation Using Environmental Radionuclides (pp. 41–57). Kluwer Academic Publishers. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48054-9_3
Lv, Y., Chen, Y., Sha, Y., Wang, J., An, L., Chen, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., & Huang, L. (2021). How Entrepreneurship Education at Universities Influences Entrepreneurial Intention: Mediating Effect Based on Entrepreneurial Competence. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.655868
Maheshwari, G., & Kha, K. L. (2022). Investigating the relationship between educational support and entrepreneurial intention in Vietnam: The mediating role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy in the theory of planned behavior. The International Journal of Management Education, 20(2), 100553. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2021.100553
Malathi, M., & Venugopal, P. (2025). Entrepreneurial intention and engagement in entrepreneurship education. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 14(1), 88. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-025-00524-6
Malik, N., Suliswanto, M. S. W., & Rofik, M. (2021). The Unemployment Rate Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: Propose the Best Practices Policy to Maintain Labor Market Stability. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik, 25(1), 48. https://doi.org/10.22146/jsp.56450
Martini, I. A. O., Sari, D. M. F. P., Sarmawa, I. W. G., Qomariah, N., & Ridwan, W. (2024). Mediation of Entrepreneurial Motivation: The Role of Entrepreneur Learning, Self-Efficacy and Family Environment in Increasing Interest in Entrepreneurship. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 22(2), 294–311. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jam.2024.022.02.02
Martins, J. M., Shahzad, M. F., & Xu, S. (2023). Factors influencing entrepreneurial intention to initiate new ventures: evidence from university students. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 12(1), 63. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-023-00333-9
Menold, N., & Toepoel, V. (2024). Do Different Devices Perform Equally Well with Different Numbers of Scale Points and Response Formats? A test of measurement invariance and reliability. Sociological Methods & Research, 53(2), 898–939. https://doi.org/10.1177/00491241221077237
Mubarrok, Z., & Sulistiyantoro, D. (2023). Minat Mahasiswa Berwirausaha: Apakah Motivasi dan Mental Berwirausaha Penting? Jurnal Akuntansi Inovatif, 1(1), 29–35. https://doi.org/10.59330/jai.v1i1.4
Nabi, G., Liñán, F., Fayolle, A., Krueger, N., & Walmsley, A. (2017). The Impact of Entrepreneurship Education in Higher Education: A Systematic Review and Research Agenda. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 16(2), 277–299. https://doi.org/10.5465/amle.2015.0026
Nasution, M. F. R., Dewi, S. S., & Fadilah, R. (2024). The Influence of Social Support on Students’ Academic Resilience Through Self-Efficacy. Jurnal Psikologi Terapan Dan Pendidikan, 6(2), 161–170. https://doi.org/10.26555/jptp.v6i2.29415
Neneh, B. N., & Dzomonda, O. (2024). Transitioning from entrepreneurial intention to actual behaviour: The role of commitment and locus of control. The International Journal of Management Education, 22(2), 100964. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2024.100964
Nguyen, T. T., & Phan, H. T. T. (2024). Entrepreneurship environments and entrepreneurial intention- the role of self efficacy and role model. International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 16. https://doi.org/10.1177/18479790241275925
Niam, S., & Utami, B. S. A. (2024). Potensi Inovasi Indonesia di Tengah Bonus Demografi: Menjawab Tantangan Global. Jurnal Manajemen Dan Bisnis Ekonomi, 2(4), 344–356. https://doi.org/10.54066/jmbe-itb.v2i4.2542
Otache, I., Edopkolor, J. E., Sani, I. A., & Umar, K. (2024). Entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intentions: Do entrepreneurial self-efficacy, alertness and opportunity recognition matter? The International Journal of Management Education, 22(1), 100917. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2023.100917
Pinto, P., Pallikkara, V., Pinto, S., & Hawaldar, I. T. (2024). Unveiling the entrepreneurial mindset: exploring orientation and intentions among students of prominent engineering disciplines. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 13(1), 33. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-024-00390-8
Putra, M., Suryana, S., Mulyadi, H., & Suwatno, S. (2025). Peran Efikasi Diri Dalam Memediasi Pendidikan Kewirausahaan, Sikap Berwirausaha Terhadap Niat Berwirausaha. Jurnal Locus Penelitian Dan Pengabdian, 4(12), 11922–11935. https://doi.org/10.58344/locus.v4i12.5326
Rahmadani, A., Soleh, A., & E G, I. A. M. (2025). The Effect Op Entrepreneurship Education Self-Confidence And Entrepreneurial Mindset Students’ Entrepreneurial Intention. Jurnal Pusat Manajemen, 2(2), 155–166. https://doi.org/10.37676/jpm.v2i2.1026
Rizzo, T. L., & Columna, L. (2020). Theory of Planned Behavior. In Routledge Handbook of Adapted Physical Education (pp. 326–346). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429052675-25
Safitri, C., Mulyadi, H., Sutarni, N., & Ramdhany, M. A. (2024). Fostering Green Entrepreneurial Intentions: The Role of Educational Environments in Shaping Student Entrepreneurial Aspirations. Jurnal Ekonomi Pendidikan Dan Kewirausahaan, 12(2), 347–366. https://doi.org/10.26740/jepk.v12n2.p347-366
Sahu, P. K. (2013). Research Methodology: A Guide for Researchers In Agricultural Science, Social Science and Other Related Fields. Springer India. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1020-7
Samiono, B. E. (2018). The Effect of Entrepreneurship Education on Entrepreneurship Intention of Students of Private Islamic Universities in Jakarta. Journal of Business and Behavioural Entrepreneurship, 2(2), 94–102. https://doi.org/10.21009/JOBBE.002.2.05
Saoula, O., Shamim, A., Ahmad, M. J., & Abid, M. F. (2023). Do entrepreneurial self-efficacy, entrepreneurial motivation, and family support enhance entrepreneurial intention? The mediating role of entrepreneurial education. Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 17(1), 20–45. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJIE-06-2022-0055
Sarkar, D., & Nath, Dr. H. K. (2024). Fostering economic resilience: Evaluating the efficacy of entrepreneurship as a sustainable solution to long-term unemployment. International Journal of Research in Finance and Management, 7(1), 454–464. https://doi.org/10.33545/26175754.2024.v7.i1e.326
Sawitri, P., & Widarini, N. P. (2025). Fenomena Pengangguran Terdidik dan Pengaruhnya Bagi Bonus Demografi di Indonesia: Literature Review. Syntax Literate ; Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia, 10(5), 4690–4701. https://doi.org/10.36418/syntax-literate.v10i5.58189
Shahriar, M. S., Hassan, M. S., Islam, M. A., Sobhani, F. A., & Islam, M. T. (2024). Entrepreneurial intention among university students of a developing economy: the mediating role of access to finance and entrepreneurship program. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2024.2322021
Slameto. (2015). Belajar dan Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi. Rineka Cipta.
Soelaiman, L., Keni, K., & Chin, T. L. (2026). The Effectiveness of Entrepreneurship Education on Students’ Self-Efficacy and Entrepreneurial Intention: A Comparative Study of Major Cities in Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi Pendidikan Dan Kewirausahaan, 14(1), 75–96.
Sun, J., Shi, J., & Zhang, J. (2023). From entrepreneurship education to entrepreneurial intention: Mindset, motivation, and prior exposure. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.954118
Syahrial, Y., Endarwati, I. S., & Putri, G. A. (2024). The Influence of Parental Support, Income Expectations, and Entrepreneurship Education on Entrepreneurial Intentions: Entrepreneurship Motivation as a Mediation Variabel. International Journal of Economics, Management and Accounting, 1(3), 344–359. https://doi.org/10.61132/ijema.v1i3.208
Tihic, M., Hadzic, M., & McKelvie, A. (2021). Social Support and its Effects on Self-Efficacy Among Entrepreneurs with Disabilities. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 16, e00279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2021.e00279
To, C. K. M., Guaita Martínez, J. M., Orero-Blat, M., & Chau, K. P. (2020). Predicting motivational outcomes in social entrepreneurship: Roles of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and situational fit. Journal of Business Research, 121, 209–222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.08.022
Wang, Y., Wang, L., Yang, L., & Wang, W. (2024). Influence of Perceived Social Support and Academic Self-Efficacy on Teacher-Student Relationships and Learning Engagement for Enhanced Didactical Outcomes. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 28396. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-78402-6
Xie, Y., & Wang, S. (2025). Generative artificial intelligence in entrepreneurship education enhances entrepreneurial intention through self-efficacy and university support. Scientific Reports, 15(1), 24079. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-09545-3
Yanti, A. (2019). Pengaruh Pendidikan Kewirausahaan, Self Efficacy, Locus of Control dan Karakter Wirausaha terhadap Minat Berwirausaha. Maneggio: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Manajemen, 2(2), 268–283. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.30596/maneggio.v2i2.3774
Yulastri, A., Susanto, P., Imran, M., Ganefri, G., Hidayat, H., Ardi, Z., Marwan, M., & Arita, S. (2026). Entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intention: a serial mediation model of entrepreneurial motivation and self-efficacy. Discover Sustainability, 7(1), 356. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-026-02689-w
Zhang, J., & Huang, J. (2021). Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy Mediates the Impact of the Post-pandemic Entrepreneurship Environment on College Students’ Entrepreneurial Intention. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.26740/jepk.v14n1.p75-96