Peran Harga Diri terhadap Fear of Missing Out pada Remaja Pengguna Situs Jejaring Sosial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26740/jptt.v10n2.p127-138Keywords:
Fear of missing out, harga diri, situs jejaring sosialAbstract
Adolescents with fear of missing out are afraid that others might be having rewarding experience that they are not aware of it so that they fail to control themselves from staying connected with others primarily through social networking sites (SNS). One of the factors causing this is self-esteem.The aim of this study is to examine the role of self-esteem on fear of missing out (FoMO) among adolescents who are using SNS. A total of 349 adolescents were recruited for this study using non-probability sampling technique. Data were collected using Fear of Missing Out Scale and Self-Liking/Self-Competence Scale-Revised. Simple linear regression was used analyzed the data. The study found that self-esteem can predict FoMO and contributes in affecting the changes in FoMO among participants of the study.
Keywords: Fear of missing out, self-esteem, Social Networking sites
Abstrak. Remaja yang mengalami Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) merasa takut akan tertinggal momen berharga yang dilakukan orang lain jika ia tidak terus mengikuti apa yang dilakukan mereka. Akibatnya remaja seperti ini tidak mampu menahan diri dari keinginan untuk terus terhubung dengan orang lain terutama melalui situs jejaring sosial atau Social Networking Sites (SNS). Hal tersebut dapat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai penyebab salah satunya harga diri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji peran harga diri terhadap FoMO pada remaja yang menggunakan situs jejaring sosial. Data diperoleh dari sampel sebanyak 349 remaja yang direkrut menggunakan teknik nonprobability sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk pengambilan data adalah skala Fear of Missing Out dan Self-Liking/Self-Competence Scale-Revised. Data dianalisis menggunakan metode regresi linear sederhana. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa harga diri berperan signifikan terhadap kondisi FoMO pada subjek penelitian.
References
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Baumeister, R. F., Campbell, J. D., Krueger, J. I., & Vohs, K. D. (2003). Does high self-esteem cause better performance, interpersonal success, happiness, or healthier lifestyles? Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 4(1), 1-44. https://doi.org/10.1111/1529-1006.01431
Baumeister, R. F., & Tice, D. M. (1990). Point-counterpoints: Anxiety and social exclusion. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 9(2), 165-195. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.1990.9.2.165
Baumeister, R. F., & Leary, M. R. (1995). The need to belong: desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117(3), 497-529. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.117.3.497
Beyens, I., Frison, E., & Eggermont, S. (2016). œI dont want to miss a thing: Adolescents Fear of missing out and its relationship to adolescents social needs, facebook use, and facebook related stress. Computers in Human Behavior, 64, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.05.083
Brocke, J. V., Richter, D., & Riemer, K. (2009). Motives for using social network sites (SNSs) An analysis of SNS adoption among students. BLED 2009 Proceedings. 40. https://aisel.aisnet.org/bled2009/40
Buglass, S. L., Binder, J. F., Betss, L. R., & Underwood, J. D. M. (2017). Motivators of online vulnerability: The impact of social network site use and FOMO. Computer in Human Behavior, 66, 248-255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.09.055
Coopersmith, S. (1967). The antecedents of Self-esteem. San Francisco: Freeman.
De Jong, P. J., Sportel, B. E., de Hullu, E., Nauta, M. H. (2011). Co-occurrence of social anxiety and depression symptoms in adolescence: Differential links with implicit and explicit self-esteem? Psychological Medicine, 42(3), 475-484. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291711001358
Dossey, L. (2014). FOMO, digital dementia, and our dangerous experiment. The Journal of Science and Healing, 10(2), 69-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.explore.2013.12.008
Forest, A. L., & Wood, J. V. (2012). When social networking is not working: Individuals with low Self-esteem recognize but do not reap the benefits of self-disclosure on Facebook. Psychological Science, 23(3), 295302. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797611429709
Giagkou, S., Hussain Z., & Pontes H.M(2018). Exploring the interplay between passive following on facebook, fear of missing out, self-esteem, social comparison, age, and life satisfaction in a community-based sample. International Journal of Psychology & Behavior Analysis. 4(149), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.15344/2455-3867/2018/149
Hong, F. Y., Huang, D. H., Lin, H. Y., & Chiu, S. L. (2014). Analysis of the psychological traits, facebook usage, and facebook addiction model of Taiwanese university students. Telematic and Infomatics, 31(4), 597-606. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2014.01.001
Huguenel, B. M. (2017). Fear of missing out: A moderated mediation approach to social media use [Master thesis], 3679. Loyola University Chicago, USA. https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses/3679
Josina (2018, Juni 3). Facebook Kalah Populer dari Instagram dan Youtube. https://m.detik.com/inet/cyberlife/d-4051254/facebook-kalah-populer-dari-instagram-dan-youtube.
JWTIntelligence.(2012, 3 Maret). Fear of missing out (FoMO). http://www.jwtintelligence.com/wpcontent/uploads/2012/03/F_JWT_FOMO-update_3.21.12.pdf.
Kaplan, A. M., & Haenlein, M. (2010). Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of social media. Business Horizons, 53(1), 59-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2009.09.003
Kemp, S. (2018, January 28). Digital in 2018: Worlds internet users pass the 4 billion mark. https://wearesocial.com/blog/2018/01/global-digital-report-2018
Kernis, M. H. (2003). Optimal Self-esteem and authenticity: Separating fantasy from reality. Pychological Inquiry, 14(1), 83-89. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1401_01
Lai, C., Altavilla, D., Ronconi, A., & Aceto, P. (2016). Fear of missing out (FoMO) is associated with activation of the right middle temporal gyrus during inclusion social cue. Computers in Human Behavior, 61, 516-521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.03.072
Leary, M. R (1990). Responses to social exclusion: Social anxiety, jealousy, loneliness, depression, and low self-esteem. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 09(2), 221-229. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.1990.9.2.221
Leary, M. R. (2003). Commentary on self-esteem as an interpersonal monitor: The sociometer hypothesis (1995). Psychological Inquiry, 14(3-4), 270-274. https://doi.org/10.1080/1047840X.2003.9682891
Meškauskienė, A. (2013). Schoolchilds self-esteem as a factor influencing motivation to learn. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 83, 900-904. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.06.168
Milyavskaya, M., Saffran, M., Hope, N., & Koestner, R. (2018). Fear of missing out: prevalence, dynamics, and consequences of experiencing FOMO. Motivation and Emotion, 42(5), 725-737. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-018-9683-5
Morford, M. (2010, August 4). Oh my god you are so missing out. San Francisco Chronicle. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/g/a/2010/08/04/notes080410.DTL&ao=all
Mutiasari, D. (2018, 2 Juni). Wah! Ternyata facebook mulai banyak ditinggalkan kalangan remaja. http://pontianak.tribunnews.com/2018/06/02/wah-ternyata-facebook-mulai-banyak-ditinggalkan-kalangan-remaja
Neira, C. J. B., & Barber, B. L. (2014). Social networking site use: Linked to adolescents social self-concept, self-esteem, and depressed mood. Australian Journal of Psychology, 66(1), 56-64. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajpy.12034
Neto, R., Golz, N., & Polega, M. (2015). Social media use, loneliness, and academic achievement: A correlational study with urban high school students. Journal of Research in Education, 25(2), 28-37. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1097983.pdf
Oberst, U., Wegmann, E., Stodt, B., Brand, M., & Chamaro, A. (2017). Negative consequences from heavy social networking in adolescents: The mediating role of Fear of missing out. Journal of Adolescence, 55, 51-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.12.008
Przybylski, A., Murayama, K., DeHaan, C., & Gladwell, V. (2013). Motivational, emotional, and behavioral correlates of fear of missing out. Computers in Human Behavior, 29, 1841-1848. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.02.014
Richter, K. (2018). Fear of missing out, social media abuse, and parenting styles [Electronic Theses and Dissertations]. Paper 81. Abilene Cristian University. https://digitalcommons.acu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1085&context=etd
Riordan, B. C., Flett, J. A. M., Hunter, J. A., Scarf, D., & Conner, T. S. (2015). Fear of missing out (FoMO): The relationship between FoMO, alcohol use, and alcohol-related consequences in college students. Journal of Psychiatry and Brain Functions, 02, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-018-9824-8
Risdyanti, K. S., Faradiba, A. T., & Syihab, A. (2019). Peranan fear of missing out terhadap problematic social media use. Jurnal Muara Ilmu Sosial, Humaniora, dan Seni, 3(1), 276-282. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/jmishumsen.v3i1.3527
Salim, F., Rahardjo, W., Tanaya, T., & Qurani, R. (2017). Are self-presentation of instagram users influenced by friendship-contingent self-esteem and fear of missing out. Makara Hubs Asia, 21, 70-82. https://doi.org/10.7454/mssh.v21i2.3502
Smock, A. D., Ellison, N. B., Lampe, C., & Wohn, D. Y. (2011). Facebook as a toolkit: A uses and gratification approach to unbundling feature use. Computers in Human Behavior, 27, 2322-2329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2011.07.011
Stead, H., & Bibly, P. A. (2017). Personality, Fear of missing out and problematic internet use and their relationship to subjective well-being. Computers in Human Behavior, 76, 534-540. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.08.016
Sugiyono. (2012). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Tafarodi, R. W., Kang, S. J., & Milne, A. B. (2002). When different becomes similar: Compensatory conformity in bicultural visible minorities. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28(8), 1131-1142. https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672022811011
Tafarodi, R. W., & Swann, W. B. (2001). Two-dimensional Self-esteem: theory and measurement. Personality and Individual Differences. 31(5). 653-673. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(00)00169-0
Tafarodi, R. W., & Swann, W. B. (1995). Self-liking and self-competence as dimensions of global self-esteem: Initial validation of a measure. Journal of Personality Assessment. 65(2), 323-342. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa6502_8
Tanta, I., Mihovilovic, M., & Sablic, Z. (2014). Uses and Gratification Theory- Why Adolescents Use Facebook?.Medijska Istrazivanja, 20(2), 85-110. https://hrcak.srce.hr/133809
Triani, C. I., & Ramdhani, N. (2017). Hubungan antara kebutuhan berelasi dan fear of missing out pada pengguna media sosial dengan harga diri sebagai moderator [Unpublished doctoral thesis]. Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia. http://etd.repository.ugm.ac.id/home/detail_pencarian/128543
Valenzuela, S., Park, N., & Kee, K. F. (2009). Is there social capital in a social network site? Facebook use and college students life satis-faction, trust, and participation. Journal of Computer Mediated Communication, 14(4), 875-901. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2009.01474./full
Wiesner, B., Rompay, T. J. L., & Jong, M. D. T. (2017). Fighting FoMO: A study on implications for solving the phenomenon of the Fear of missing out [Master thesis]. University of Twente, The Netherlands. https://essay.utwente.nl/73690/1/Wiesner_MA_BMS%20Behavioural%2C%20Management%20and%20Social%20Sciences.pdf
Wortham, J. (2011, 9 April). Feel Like a Wallflower? Maybe Its Your Facebook Wall. https://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/10/business/10ping.html
Asosiasi Penyelenggara Jasa Internet Indonesia [APJII] (2017). Penetrasi dan perilaku pengguna internet indonesia. https://apjii.or.id/survei2017
Australian Psychological Society [APS]. (2015). Stress & wellbeing: How Australian are coping with life. https://www.headsup.org.au/docs/default-source/default-documentlibrary/stress-and-wellbeing-in-australia-report.pdf?sfvrsn=7f08274d_4
Baumeister, R. F., Campbell, J. D., Krueger, J. I., & Vohs, K. D. (2003). Does high self-esteem cause better performance, interpersonal success, happiness, or healthier lifestyles? Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 4(1), 1-44. https://doi.org/10.1111/1529-1006.01431
Baumeister, R. F., & Tice, D. M. (1990). Point-counterpoints: Anxiety and social exclusion. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 9(2), 165-195. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.1990.9.2.165
Baumeister, R. F., & Leary, M. R. (1995). The need to belong: desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117(3), 497-529. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.117.3.497
Beyens, I., Frison, E., & Eggermont, S. (2016). œI dont want to miss a thing: Adolescents Fear of missing out and its relationship to adolescents social needs, facebook use, and facebook related stress. Computers in Human Behavior, 64, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.05.083
Brocke, J. V., Richter, D., & Riemer, K. (2009). Motives for using social network sites (SNSs) An analysis of SNS adoption among students. BLED 2009 Proceedings. 40. https://aisel.aisnet.org/bled2009/40
Buglass, S. L., Binder, J. F., Betss, L. R., & Underwood, J. D. M. (2017). Motivators of online vulnerability: The impact of social network site use and FOMO. Computer in Human Behavior, 66, 248-255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.09.055
Coopersmith, S. (1967). The antecedents of Self-esteem. San Francisco: Freeman.
De Jong, P. J., Sportel, B. E., de Hullu, E., Nauta, M. H. (2011). Co-occurrence of social anxiety and depression symptoms in adolescence: Differential links with implicit and explicit self-esteem? Psychological Medicine, 42(3), 475-484. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291711001358
Dossey, L. (2014). FOMO, digital dementia, and our dangerous experiment. The Journal of Science and Healing, 10(2), 69-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.explore.2013.12.008
Forest, A. L., & Wood, J. V. (2012). When social networking is not working: Individuals with low Self-esteem recognize but do not reap the benefits of self-disclosure on Facebook. Psychological Science, 23(3), 295302. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797611429709
Giagkou, S., Hussain Z., & Pontes H.M(2018). Exploring the interplay between passive following on facebook, fear of missing out, self-esteem, social comparison, age, and life satisfaction in a community-based sample. International Journal of Psychology & Behavior Analysis. 4(149), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.15344/2455-3867/2018/149
Hong, F. Y., Huang, D. H., Lin, H. Y., & Chiu, S. L. (2014). Analysis of the psychological traits, facebook usage, and facebook addiction model of Taiwanese university students. Telematic and Infomatics, 31(4), 597-606. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2014.01.001
Huguenel, B. M. (2017). Fear of missing out: A moderated mediation approach to social media use [Master thesis], 3679. Loyola University Chicago, USA. https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses/3679
Josina (2018, Juni 3). Facebook Kalah Populer dari Instagram dan Youtube. https://m.detik.com/inet/cyberlife/d-4051254/facebook-kalah-populer-dari-instagram-dan-youtube.
JWTIntelligence.(2012, 3 Maret). Fear of missing out (FoMO). http://www.jwtintelligence.com/wpcontent/uploads/2012/03/F_JWT_FOMO-update_3.21.12.pdf.
Kaplan, A. M., & Haenlein, M. (2010). Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of social media. Business Horizons, 53(1), 59-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2009.09.003
Kemp, S. (2018, January 28). Digital in 2018: Worlds internet users pass the 4 billion mark. https://wearesocial.com/blog/2018/01/global-digital-report-2018
Kernis, M. H. (2003). Optimal Self-esteem and authenticity: Separating fantasy from reality. Pychological Inquiry, 14(1), 83-89. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1401_01
Lai, C., Altavilla, D., Ronconi, A., & Aceto, P. (2016). Fear of missing out (FoMO) is associated with activation of the right middle temporal gyrus during inclusion social cue. Computers in Human Behavior, 61, 516-521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.03.072
Leary, M. R (1990). Responses to social exclusion: Social anxiety, jealousy, loneliness, depression, and low self-esteem. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 09(2), 221-229. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.1990.9.2.221
Leary, M. R. (2003). Commentary on self-esteem as an interpersonal monitor: The sociometer hypothesis (1995). Psychological Inquiry, 14(3-4), 270-274. https://doi.org/10.1080/1047840X.2003.9682891
Meškauskienė, A. (2013). Schoolchilds self-esteem as a factor influencing motivation to learn. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 83, 900-904. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.06.168
Milyavskaya, M., Saffran, M., Hope, N., & Koestner, R. (2018). Fear of missing out: prevalence, dynamics, and consequences of experiencing FOMO. Motivation and Emotion, 42(5), 725-737. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-018-9683-5
Morford, M. (2010, August 4). Oh my god you are so missing out. San Francisco Chronicle. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/g/a/2010/08/04/notes080410.DTL&ao=all
Mutiasari, D. (2018, 2 Juni). Wah! Ternyata facebook mulai banyak ditinggalkan kalangan remaja. http://pontianak.tribunnews.com/2018/06/02/wah-ternyata-facebook-mulai-banyak-ditinggalkan-kalangan-remaja
Neira, C. J. B., & Barber, B. L. (2014). Social networking site use: Linked to adolescents social self-concept, self-esteem, and depressed mood. Australian Journal of Psychology, 66(1), 56-64. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajpy.12034
Neto, R., Golz, N., & Polega, M. (2015). Social media use, loneliness, and academic achievement: A correlational study with urban high school students. Journal of Research in Education, 25(2), 28-37. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1097983.pdf
Oberst, U., Wegmann, E., Stodt, B., Brand, M., & Chamaro, A. (2017). Negative consequences from heavy social networking in adolescents: The mediating role of Fear of missing out. Journal of Adolescence, 55, 51-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.12.008
Przybylski, A., Murayama, K., DeHaan, C., & Gladwell, V. (2013). Motivational, emotional, and behavioral correlates of fear of missing out. Computers in Human Behavior, 29, 1841-1848. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.02.014
Richter, K. (2018). Fear of missing out, social media abuse, and parenting styles [Electronic Theses and Dissertations]. Paper 81. Abilene Cristian University. https://digitalcommons.acu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1085&context=etd
Riordan, B. C., Flett, J. A. M., Hunter, J. A., Scarf, D., & Conner, T. S. (2015). Fear of missing out (FoMO): The relationship between FoMO, alcohol use, and alcohol-related consequences in college students. Journal of Psychiatry and Brain Functions, 02, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-018-9824-8
Risdyanti, K. S., Faradiba, A. T., & Syihab, A. (2019). Peranan fear of missing out terhadap problematic social media use. Jurnal Muara Ilmu Sosial, Humaniora, dan Seni, 3(1), 276-282. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/jmishumsen.v3i1.3527
Salim, F., Rahardjo, W., Tanaya, T., & Qurani, R. (2017). Are self-presentation of instagram users influenced by friendship-contingent self-esteem and fear of missing out. Makara Hubs Asia, 21, 70-82. https://doi.org/10.7454/mssh.v21i2.3502
Smock, A. D., Ellison, N. B., Lampe, C., & Wohn, D. Y. (2011). Facebook as a toolkit: A uses and gratification approach to unbundling feature use. Computers in Human Behavior, 27, 2322-2329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2011.07.011
Stead, H., & Bibly, P. A. (2017). Personality, Fear of missing out and problematic internet use and their relationship to subjective well-being. Computers in Human Behavior, 76, 534-540. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.08.016
Sugiyono. (2012). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Tafarodi, R. W., Kang, S. J., & Milne, A. B. (2002). When different becomes similar: Compensatory conformity in bicultural visible minorities. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28(8), 1131-1142. https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672022811011
Tafarodi, R. W., & Swann, W. B. (2001). Two-dimensional Self-esteem: theory and measurement. Personality and Individual Differences. 31(5). 653-673. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(00)00169-0
Tafarodi, R. W., & Swann, W. B. (1995). Self-liking and self-competence as dimensions of global self-esteem: Initial validation of a measure. Journal of Personality Assessment. 65(2), 323-342. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa6502_8
Tanta, I., Mihovilovic, M., & Sablic, Z. (2014). Uses and Gratification Theory- Why Adolescents Use Facebook?.Medijska Istrazivanja, 20(2), 85-110. https://hrcak.srce.hr/133809
Triani, C. I., & Ramdhani, N. (2017). Hubungan antara kebutuhan berelasi dan fear of missing out pada pengguna media sosial dengan harga diri sebagai moderator [Unpublished doctoral thesis]. Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia. http://etd.repository.ugm.ac.id/home/detail_pencarian/128543
Valenzuela, S., Park, N., & Kee, K. F. (2009). Is there social capital in a social network site? Facebook use and college students life satis-faction, trust, and participation. Journal of Computer Mediated Communication, 14(4), 875-901. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2009.01474./full
Wiesner, B., Rompay, T. J. L., & Jong, M. D. T. (2017). Fighting FoMO: A study on implications for solving the phenomenon of the Fear of missing out [Master thesis]. University of Twente, The Netherlands. https://essay.utwente.nl/73690/1/Wiesner_MA_BMS%20Behavioural%2C%20Management%20and%20Social%20Sciences.pdf
Wortham, J. (2011, 9 April). Feel Like a Wallflower? Maybe Its Your Facebook Wall. https://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/10/business/10ping.html
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2020-03-30
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Siddik, S., Mafaza, M., & Sembiring, L. S. (2020). Peran Harga Diri terhadap Fear of Missing Out pada Remaja Pengguna Situs Jejaring Sosial. Jurnal Psikologi Teori Dan Terapan, 10(2), 127–138. https://doi.org/10.26740/jptt.v10n2.p127-138
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