Altering Coconut Shell Biomass to High-Ordered Graphitic Carbon with Nickel Catalyzation

Authors

  • Biaunik Niski Kumila UIN Syarif Hidayatullah
  • Farhan Adityaa UIN Syarif Hidayatullah
  • Fredina Destyofrini Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional
  • Fitri Nur Indah Sari National Cheng Kung University
  • Dhita Azzahra Pancorowati Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology
  • Hamdan Hadi Kusuma UIN Walisongo

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26740/jpfa.v13n2.p119-131

Keywords:

BIomass Graphite, coconut shell, nickel catalyzation

Abstract

Graphite is a carbon-based material potentially utilized in numerous applications, such as electrodes for supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries, and absorbers for water treatment. Biomass graphite is a beneficial candidate for low-cost yet valuable graphite. In this work, coconut shells, the abundant materials with high carbon contents, were successfully transformed into valuable coconut shell graphite (CSG) using metal catalytic graphitization with nickel as a catalyst at low-temperature conditions of ~1200 °C. Nickel concentration varied between 2 mmol, 3 mmol, and 5 mmol per gram of carbon. The samples were further examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman Spectroscopy, and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). The high graphitization degree of ~ 72 % was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. That was further supported by the high-ordered stacking carbon layer that appeared in HR-TEM images. Meanwhile, Raman spectroscopy confirms that nickel impregnation diminished the structural defect of samples and increased the sp2-carbon bond indicated by its rise of IG/ID. The IG/ID values of CGS and CGS-Ni5mmol are 0.86 and 0.92, respectively.

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Published

2023-12-31

How to Cite

Kumila, B. N. (2023) “Altering Coconut Shell Biomass to High-Ordered Graphitic Carbon with Nickel Catalyzation”, Jurnal Penelitian Fisika dan Aplikasinya (JPFA), 13(2), pp. 119–131. doi: 10.26740/jpfa.v13n2.p119-131.

Issue

Vol. 13 No. 2 (2023)

Section

Articles

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