Bagaimana Konsumen Kosmetik Memerhatikan Beauty Vlogger dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Niat Beli
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26740/jim.v9n2.p634-650Keywords:
beauty vlogger, cosmetics, online review, purchase intention, social media.Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of physical attractiveness, attitude homophily, social attractiveness, credibility, and parasocial interaction on cosmetics purchase intention based on the TasyaFarasya review. TasyaFarasya is one of the beauty vloggers on YouTube and Instagram. This study uses a quantitative approach. The sampling technique used is non-probability sampling which is judgmental sampling. In this study, the respondents are women; they knew TasyaFarasya as a beauty vlogger; the age is around 17-35 years and watched content from TasyaFarasya. The number of samples is 200 respondents. The data was processed using PLS-SEM with SmartPLS software version 3.3.3. The findings of this study indicate that physical attractiveness, homophily attitudes have a significant effect on credibility. While physical attractiveness and social attractiveness significantly affect parasocial interactions, homophily attitudes do not affect parasocial interactions. Credibility does not affect purchase intention, but parasocial interaction has a significant effect on purchase intention. Further research can add information and building motive variables. It is also interesting to see further how the interaction between vlogger viewers.
References
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Apriliani, D., Arimbawa, I. G., & Wulandari, A. (2020). How Youtube Beauty Vlogger Review, Self Congruity and Price Perception Influence Impulse Buying and the Impact On Repurchase Intention (Case Study at Teenager Users of Emina Cosmetics In Surabaya). Quantitative Economics and Management Studies, 1(1), 3343. https://doi.org/10.35877/454ri.qems1175
Argyris, Y. A., Muqaddam, A., & Miller, S. (2020). The effects of the visual presentation of an Influencers Extroversion on perceived credibility and purchase intentions”moderated by personality matching with the audience. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 59(1), 2038. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102347
Arviansyah, Dhaneswara, A. P., Hidayanto, A. N., & Zhu, Y. Q. (2018). Vlogging: Trigger to impulse buying behaviors. Twenty-Second Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems: Japan.
Berryman, R., & Kavka, M. (2017). ˜I Guess A Lot of People See Me as a Big Sister or a Friend: the role of intimacy in the celebrification of beauty vloggers. Journal of Gender Studies, 26(3), 307320. https://doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2017.1288611
Bhattacherjee, A., & Sanford, C. (2016). Influence Processes for Information Technology Acceptance¯: An Elaboration Likelihood Model1. MIS Quarterly, 30(4), 805825. https://doi.org/10.2307/25148755
Briliana, V., & Mursito, N. (2017). Exploring antecedents and consequences of Indonesian Muslim youths attitude towards halal cosmetic products: A case study in Jakarta. Asia Pacific Management Review, 22(4), 176184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmrv.2017.07.012
Chakraborty, U. (2019). The impact of source credible online reviews on purchase intention: The mediating roles of brand equity dimensions. Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing, 13(2), 142161. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRIM-06-2018-0080
Chen, J.-L., & Dermawan, A. (2020). The Influence of YouTube Beauty Vloggers on Indonesian Consumers Purchase Intention of Local Cosmetic Products. International Journal of Business and Management, 15(5), 100. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v15n5p100
Copeland, L. R., & Zhao, L. (2020). Instagram and theory of reasoned action: US consumers influence of peers online and purchase intention. International Journal of Fashion Design, Technology and Education, 13(3), 265279. https://doi.org/10.1080/17543266.2020.1783374
Dibble, J. L., Hartmann, T., & Rosaen, S. F. (2016). Parasocial Interaction and Parasocial Relationship: Conceptual Clarification and a Critical Assessment of Measures. Human Communication Research, 42(1), 2144. https://doi.org/10.1111/hcre.12063
Djafarova, E., & Rushworth, C. (2017). Exploring the credibility of online celebrities Instagram profiles in influencing the purchase decisions of young female users. Computers in Human Behavior, 68(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.11.009
Egan, J. (2014). Marketing Communications (2nd ed.). London: SAGE Publications.
Engel, J. F., Blackwell, R. D., & Miniard, P. W. (1995). Perilaku Konsumen (6th ed.). Jakarta: Binarupa.
Eyal, K., & Rubin, A. M. (2010). Viewer Aggression and Homophily , Identification , and Parasocial Relationships With Television Characters Viewer Aggression and Homophily , With Television Characters. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 47(1), 7798. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15506878jobem4701
Frederick, E. L., Lim, C. H., Clavio, G., & Walsh, P. (2016). Why We Follow: An Examination of Parasocial Interaction and Fan Motivations for Following Athlete Archetypes on Twitter. International Journal of Sport Communication, 5(4), 481502. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsc.5.4.481
Freeman, B., & Chapman, S. (2007). Is œYouTube telling or selling you something? Tobacco content on the YouTube video-sharing website. Tobacco Control, 16(3), 207210. https://doi.org/10.1136/tc.2007.020024
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2016). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) - Joseph F. Hair, Jr., G. Tomas M. Hult, Christian Ringle, Marko Sarstedt. In Sage.
Hestianingsih. (2019). Mengenal Jenis-jenis Influencer Berdasarkan Jumlah Followers. Retrieved February 5, 2021, from https://wolipop.detik.com/worklife/d-4526297/mengenal-jenis-jenis-influencer-berdasarkan-jumlah-followers
Hong, S., Lee, H., & Johnson, E. K. (2019). The face tells all: Testing the impact of physical attractiveness and social media information of spokesperson on message effectiveness during a crisis. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 27(3), 257264. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.12250
instagram.com. (2021). Tasya Farasaya (@tasyafarasya) Instagram photos and videos. Retrieved February 28, 2021, from https://www.instagram.com/tasyafarasya/?hl=id
Jalilvand, M. R., & Samiei, N. (2012). The effect of electronic word of mouth on brand image and purchase intention: An empirical study in the automobile industry in Iran. Marketing Intelligence and Planning, 30(4), 460476. https://doi.org/10.1108/02634501211231946
Jerslev, A. (2016). In the time of the microcelebrity: Celebrification and the YouTuber Zoella. International Journal of Communication, 10, 52335251.
Kim, H. (2020). Unpacking Unboxing Video-Viewing Motivations: The Uses and Gratifications Perspective and the Mediating Role of Parasocial Interaction on Purchase Intent. Journal of Interactive Advertising, 20(3), 196208. https://doi.org/10.1080/15252019.2020.1828202
Lee, J. E., & Watkins, B. (2016). YouTube vloggers influence on consumer luxury brand perceptions and intentions. Journal of Business Research, 69(12), 57535760. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.04.171
Lim, X. J., Radzol, A. R. bt M., Cheah, J.-H., & Wong, M. W. (2017). The Impact of Social Media Influencers on Purchase Intention and the Mediation Effect of Customer Attitude. Asian Journal of Business Research, 7(2), 1836. https://doi.org/10.14707/ajbr.170035
Liu, M. T., Liu, Y., & Zhang, L. L. (2019). Vlog and brand evaluations: the influence of parasocial interaction. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 31(2), 419436. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-01-2018-0021
Lova, C. (2020). Disebut sebagai Beauty Vlogger Termahal, Tasya Farasya: Follower Terbanyak. Retrieved January 4, 2020, from https://today.line.me/id/v2/article/Disebut+sebagai+Beauty+Vlogger+Termahal+Tasya+Farasya+Follower+Terbanyak-2qJy9N
Lutfia. (2021). 5 Keahlian yang Dimiliki Content Creator. Retrieved June 20, 2021, from https://kumparan.com/lutfia-1600257725225904134/5-keahlian-yang-dimiliki-content-creator-1vNh4Zjy9pu
Nam, L. G., & Dan, H. T. (2018). Impact of social media Influencer marketing on consumer at Ho Chi Minh City. The International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention, 5(5), 47104714. https://doi.org/10.18535/ijsshi/v5i5.10
Nandagiri, V., & Philip, L. (2018). The Impact of Influencers from Instagram and YouTube on their Followers. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Modern Education, 4(1), 6165. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Vaibhavi-Nandagiri/publication/323996049_The_impact_of_influencers_from_Instagram_and_YouTube_on_their_followers/links/5ab77efc0f7e9b68ef50950f/The-impact-of-influencers-from-Instagram-and-YouTube-on-their-followers.pd
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Nasuha, W. (2020). Tasya Farasya Hingga Abel Cantika, Ini Penghasilan Bulanan Beauty Vlogger Terhits di Indonesia, Nominalnya Fantastis! Retrieved January 4, 2020, from https://herstory.co.id/read2392/tasya-farasya-hingga-abel-cantika-ini-penghasilan-bulanan-beauty-vlogger-terhits-di-indonesia-nominalnya-fantastis
Pick, M. (2020). Psychological ownership in social media influencer marketing. European Business Review, 33(1), 111127. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-08-2019-0165
Purnamaningsih, P., & Rizkalla, N. (2020). The Role of Parasocial Interaction on Consumers Intention to Purchase Beauty Products. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 6(12), 1327. Retrieved from https://ssrn.com/abstract=3701912
Putri, I. T., & Astuti, R. D. (2019). Comparative analysis of youtuber and celebgram in developing consumer brand perceptions and intentions to buy luxury brand cosmetics. ASEAN Marketing Journal, 11(2). Retrieved from http://journal.ui.ac.id/index.php/amj
Rahmi, Y., Sekarasih, L., & Sjabadhyni, B. (2017). The Influence of Beauty Vlog on Perceived Source Credibility and Purchase Intention. Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia, 21(1), 13. https://doi.org/10.7454/mssh.v21i1.3496
Ramadanty, S., Muqarrabin, A. M., Nita, W. A., & Syafganti, I. (2020). Examining the effect of persuasive message of beauty vloggers on information acceptance of ewom and purchase intention: The study of consumers of beauty products in Jabodetabek, Indonesia. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 28(2), 763775.
Razak, N. I. A., & Zulkifly, M. I. (2020). The impacts of food vlog attributes on para-social interaction and customers response behaviours. Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Culinary Arts, 12(1), 435445. Retrieved from https://www.jthca.org/
Reinikainen, H., Munnukka, J., Maity, D., & Luoma-aho, V. (2020). ˜You really are a great big sisterparasocial relationships, credibility, and the moderating role of audience comments in influencer marketing. Journal of Marketing Management, 36(34), 279298. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.2019.1708781
Safira, A., Putri, D. W., & Wattimena, G. H. (2019). Self presentation beauty influencer Abel Cantika via Youtube. Profetik Jurnal Komunikasi, 12(1), 3045. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.14421/pjk.v12i1.1583
Sendari, A. A. (2019). Instagram adalah paltform berbagi foto dan video, ini deretan fitur canggihnya. Retrieved February 3, 2021, from https://www.liputan6.com/tekno/read/3906736/instagram-adalah-platform-berbagi-foto-dan-video-ini-deretan-fitur-canggihnya
Sokolova, K., & Kefi, H. (2020). Instagram and YouTube bloggers promote it, why should I buy? How credibility and parasocial interaction influence purchase intentions. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.01.011
Tesalonika. (2020). Jumlah Penggguna Unik Youtube di Indonesia Capai 93 Juta. Retrieved January 4, 2020, from https://www.tek.id/tek/jumlah-pengguna-unik-youtube-di-indonesia-capai-93-juta-b1ZT79iPE
Tysara, L. (2021). 7 Jenis-jenis Video di YouTube , Lengkap Cara Membuat Channel dan Upload. Retrieved June 19, 2021, from https://hot.liputan6.com/read/4584087/7-jenis-jenis-video-di-youtube-lengkap-cara-membuat-channel-dan-upload
Veirman, M. De, Cauberghe, V., & Hudders, L. (2017). Marketing through instagram influencers: The impact of number of followers and product divergence on brand attitude. International Journal of Advertising, 36(5), 798828. https://doi.org/10.1080/02650487.2017.1348035
wearesocial.com. (2020). Indonesia Digital Report 2020. Retrieved November 16, 2020, from https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2020-global-digital-overview
Xiao, M., Wang, R., & Chan-Olmsted, S. (2018). Factors affecting YouTube influencer marketing credibility: a heuristic-systematic model. Journal of Media Business Studies, 15(3), 188213. https://doi.org/10.1080/16522354.2018.1501146
Zhou, L., & Wang, T. (2014). Social media: A new vehicle for city marketing in china. Cities, 37(1), 2732. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2013.11.006
Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (2001). Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behavior. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Apriliani, D., Arimbawa, I. G., & Wulandari, A. (2020). How Youtube Beauty Vlogger Review, Self Congruity and Price Perception Influence Impulse Buying and the Impact On Repurchase Intention (Case Study at Teenager Users of Emina Cosmetics In Surabaya). Quantitative Economics and Management Studies, 1(1), 3343. https://doi.org/10.35877/454ri.qems1175
Argyris, Y. A., Muqaddam, A., & Miller, S. (2020). The effects of the visual presentation of an Influencers Extroversion on perceived credibility and purchase intentions”moderated by personality matching with the audience. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 59(1), 2038. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102347
Arviansyah, Dhaneswara, A. P., Hidayanto, A. N., & Zhu, Y. Q. (2018). Vlogging: Trigger to impulse buying behaviors. Twenty-Second Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems: Japan.
Berryman, R., & Kavka, M. (2017). ˜I Guess A Lot of People See Me as a Big Sister or a Friend: the role of intimacy in the celebrification of beauty vloggers. Journal of Gender Studies, 26(3), 307320. https://doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2017.1288611
Bhattacherjee, A., & Sanford, C. (2016). Influence Processes for Information Technology Acceptance¯: An Elaboration Likelihood Model1. MIS Quarterly, 30(4), 805825. https://doi.org/10.2307/25148755
Briliana, V., & Mursito, N. (2017). Exploring antecedents and consequences of Indonesian Muslim youths attitude towards halal cosmetic products: A case study in Jakarta. Asia Pacific Management Review, 22(4), 176184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmrv.2017.07.012
Chakraborty, U. (2019). The impact of source credible online reviews on purchase intention: The mediating roles of brand equity dimensions. Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing, 13(2), 142161. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRIM-06-2018-0080
Chen, J.-L., & Dermawan, A. (2020). The Influence of YouTube Beauty Vloggers on Indonesian Consumers Purchase Intention of Local Cosmetic Products. International Journal of Business and Management, 15(5), 100. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v15n5p100
Copeland, L. R., & Zhao, L. (2020). Instagram and theory of reasoned action: US consumers influence of peers online and purchase intention. International Journal of Fashion Design, Technology and Education, 13(3), 265279. https://doi.org/10.1080/17543266.2020.1783374
Dibble, J. L., Hartmann, T., & Rosaen, S. F. (2016). Parasocial Interaction and Parasocial Relationship: Conceptual Clarification and a Critical Assessment of Measures. Human Communication Research, 42(1), 2144. https://doi.org/10.1111/hcre.12063
Djafarova, E., & Rushworth, C. (2017). Exploring the credibility of online celebrities Instagram profiles in influencing the purchase decisions of young female users. Computers in Human Behavior, 68(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.11.009
Egan, J. (2014). Marketing Communications (2nd ed.). London: SAGE Publications.
Engel, J. F., Blackwell, R. D., & Miniard, P. W. (1995). Perilaku Konsumen (6th ed.). Jakarta: Binarupa.
Eyal, K., & Rubin, A. M. (2010). Viewer Aggression and Homophily , Identification , and Parasocial Relationships With Television Characters Viewer Aggression and Homophily , With Television Characters. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 47(1), 7798. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15506878jobem4701
Frederick, E. L., Lim, C. H., Clavio, G., & Walsh, P. (2016). Why We Follow: An Examination of Parasocial Interaction and Fan Motivations for Following Athlete Archetypes on Twitter. International Journal of Sport Communication, 5(4), 481502. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsc.5.4.481
Freeman, B., & Chapman, S. (2007). Is œYouTube telling or selling you something? Tobacco content on the YouTube video-sharing website. Tobacco Control, 16(3), 207210. https://doi.org/10.1136/tc.2007.020024
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2016). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) - Joseph F. Hair, Jr., G. Tomas M. Hult, Christian Ringle, Marko Sarstedt. In Sage.
Hestianingsih. (2019). Mengenal Jenis-jenis Influencer Berdasarkan Jumlah Followers. Retrieved February 5, 2021, from https://wolipop.detik.com/worklife/d-4526297/mengenal-jenis-jenis-influencer-berdasarkan-jumlah-followers
Hong, S., Lee, H., & Johnson, E. K. (2019). The face tells all: Testing the impact of physical attractiveness and social media information of spokesperson on message effectiveness during a crisis. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 27(3), 257264. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.12250
instagram.com. (2021). Tasya Farasaya (@tasyafarasya) Instagram photos and videos. Retrieved February 28, 2021, from https://www.instagram.com/tasyafarasya/?hl=id
Jalilvand, M. R., & Samiei, N. (2012). The effect of electronic word of mouth on brand image and purchase intention: An empirical study in the automobile industry in Iran. Marketing Intelligence and Planning, 30(4), 460476. https://doi.org/10.1108/02634501211231946
Jerslev, A. (2016). In the time of the microcelebrity: Celebrification and the YouTuber Zoella. International Journal of Communication, 10, 52335251.
Kim, H. (2020). Unpacking Unboxing Video-Viewing Motivations: The Uses and Gratifications Perspective and the Mediating Role of Parasocial Interaction on Purchase Intent. Journal of Interactive Advertising, 20(3), 196208. https://doi.org/10.1080/15252019.2020.1828202
Lee, J. E., & Watkins, B. (2016). YouTube vloggers influence on consumer luxury brand perceptions and intentions. Journal of Business Research, 69(12), 57535760. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.04.171
Lim, X. J., Radzol, A. R. bt M., Cheah, J.-H., & Wong, M. W. (2017). The Impact of Social Media Influencers on Purchase Intention and the Mediation Effect of Customer Attitude. Asian Journal of Business Research, 7(2), 1836. https://doi.org/10.14707/ajbr.170035
Liu, M. T., Liu, Y., & Zhang, L. L. (2019). Vlog and brand evaluations: the influence of parasocial interaction. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 31(2), 419436. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-01-2018-0021
Lova, C. (2020). Disebut sebagai Beauty Vlogger Termahal, Tasya Farasya: Follower Terbanyak. Retrieved January 4, 2020, from https://today.line.me/id/v2/article/Disebut+sebagai+Beauty+Vlogger+Termahal+Tasya+Farasya+Follower+Terbanyak-2qJy9N
Lutfia. (2021). 5 Keahlian yang Dimiliki Content Creator. Retrieved June 20, 2021, from https://kumparan.com/lutfia-1600257725225904134/5-keahlian-yang-dimiliki-content-creator-1vNh4Zjy9pu
Nam, L. G., & Dan, H. T. (2018). Impact of social media Influencer marketing on consumer at Ho Chi Minh City. The International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention, 5(5), 47104714. https://doi.org/10.18535/ijsshi/v5i5.10
Nandagiri, V., & Philip, L. (2018). The Impact of Influencers from Instagram and YouTube on their Followers. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Modern Education, 4(1), 6165. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Vaibhavi-Nandagiri/publication/323996049_The_impact_of_influencers_from_Instagram_and_YouTube_on_their_followers/links/5ab77efc0f7e9b68ef50950f/The-impact-of-influencers-from-Instagram-and-YouTube-on-their-followers.pd
napoleoncat.com. (2021). Instagram users in Indonesia. Retrieved April 28, 2021, from https://napoleoncat.com/stats/instagram-users-in-indonesia/2021/01
Nasuha, W. (2020). Tasya Farasya Hingga Abel Cantika, Ini Penghasilan Bulanan Beauty Vlogger Terhits di Indonesia, Nominalnya Fantastis! Retrieved January 4, 2020, from https://herstory.co.id/read2392/tasya-farasya-hingga-abel-cantika-ini-penghasilan-bulanan-beauty-vlogger-terhits-di-indonesia-nominalnya-fantastis
Pick, M. (2020). Psychological ownership in social media influencer marketing. European Business Review, 33(1), 111127. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-08-2019-0165
Purnamaningsih, P., & Rizkalla, N. (2020). The Role of Parasocial Interaction on Consumers Intention to Purchase Beauty Products. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 6(12), 1327. Retrieved from https://ssrn.com/abstract=3701912
Putri, I. T., & Astuti, R. D. (2019). Comparative analysis of youtuber and celebgram in developing consumer brand perceptions and intentions to buy luxury brand cosmetics. ASEAN Marketing Journal, 11(2). Retrieved from http://journal.ui.ac.id/index.php/amj
Rahmi, Y., Sekarasih, L., & Sjabadhyni, B. (2017). The Influence of Beauty Vlog on Perceived Source Credibility and Purchase Intention. Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia, 21(1), 13. https://doi.org/10.7454/mssh.v21i1.3496
Ramadanty, S., Muqarrabin, A. M., Nita, W. A., & Syafganti, I. (2020). Examining the effect of persuasive message of beauty vloggers on information acceptance of ewom and purchase intention: The study of consumers of beauty products in Jabodetabek, Indonesia. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 28(2), 763775.
Razak, N. I. A., & Zulkifly, M. I. (2020). The impacts of food vlog attributes on para-social interaction and customers response behaviours. Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Culinary Arts, 12(1), 435445. Retrieved from https://www.jthca.org/
Reinikainen, H., Munnukka, J., Maity, D., & Luoma-aho, V. (2020). ˜You really are a great big sisterparasocial relationships, credibility, and the moderating role of audience comments in influencer marketing. Journal of Marketing Management, 36(34), 279298. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.2019.1708781
Safira, A., Putri, D. W., & Wattimena, G. H. (2019). Self presentation beauty influencer Abel Cantika via Youtube. Profetik Jurnal Komunikasi, 12(1), 3045. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.14421/pjk.v12i1.1583
Sendari, A. A. (2019). Instagram adalah paltform berbagi foto dan video, ini deretan fitur canggihnya. Retrieved February 3, 2021, from https://www.liputan6.com/tekno/read/3906736/instagram-adalah-platform-berbagi-foto-dan-video-ini-deretan-fitur-canggihnya
Sokolova, K., & Kefi, H. (2020). Instagram and YouTube bloggers promote it, why should I buy? How credibility and parasocial interaction influence purchase intentions. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.01.011
Tesalonika. (2020). Jumlah Penggguna Unik Youtube di Indonesia Capai 93 Juta. Retrieved January 4, 2020, from https://www.tek.id/tek/jumlah-pengguna-unik-youtube-di-indonesia-capai-93-juta-b1ZT79iPE
Tysara, L. (2021). 7 Jenis-jenis Video di YouTube , Lengkap Cara Membuat Channel dan Upload. Retrieved June 19, 2021, from https://hot.liputan6.com/read/4584087/7-jenis-jenis-video-di-youtube-lengkap-cara-membuat-channel-dan-upload
Veirman, M. De, Cauberghe, V., & Hudders, L. (2017). Marketing through instagram influencers: The impact of number of followers and product divergence on brand attitude. International Journal of Advertising, 36(5), 798828. https://doi.org/10.1080/02650487.2017.1348035
wearesocial.com. (2020). Indonesia Digital Report 2020. Retrieved November 16, 2020, from https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2020-global-digital-overview
Xiao, M., Wang, R., & Chan-Olmsted, S. (2018). Factors affecting YouTube influencer marketing credibility: a heuristic-systematic model. Journal of Media Business Studies, 15(3), 188213. https://doi.org/10.1080/16522354.2018.1501146
Zhou, L., & Wang, T. (2014). Social media: A new vehicle for city marketing in china. Cities, 37(1), 2732. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2013.11.006
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2021-06-30
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Septiani, L. A. (2021). Bagaimana Konsumen Kosmetik Memerhatikan Beauty Vlogger dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Niat Beli. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 9(2), 634–650. https://doi.org/10.26740/jim.v9n2.p634-650
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