Artificial Intelegence Ethics

JP2KG AUD is committed to maintaining academic integrity, transparency, accountability, and ethical standards in scholarly publishing. The journal recognizes that artificial intelligence (AI), including generative AI tools, may assist authors, editors, and reviewers in various aspects of scholarly communication. However, the use of AI must not compromise the originality, accuracy, validity, confidentiality, or integrity of scholarly work.

This policy applies to authors, editors, reviewers, and other parties involved in the publication process of JP2KG AUD. It covers the use of generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in manuscript preparation, research activities, peer review, editorial decision-making, and publication.

 

1. Use of AI by Authors

Authors may use AI-assisted tools to support language editing, grammar correction, translation, literature organization, data visualization, and other appropriate research-related tasks. However, AI must be used responsibly and must not replace the authors' intellectual contribution, scholarly judgment, or responsibility for the research.

Authors are required to:

a.     Ensure that the manuscript presents original scholarly work and that all claims, interpretations, data, and references are accurate and verifiable.

b.     Verify all AI-generated content, including factual statements, citations, quotations, statistical interpretations, and references, against reliable primary sources.

c.     Disclose the use of generative AI tools when they have contributed to the generation or substantial revision of manuscript content, research analysis, interpretation, or other substantive scholarly outputs.

d.    Provide the name of the AI tool, its purpose, and the nature of its contribution in an appropriate disclosure statement or relevant section of the manuscript.

e.     Ensure that the use of AI does not result in plagiarism, fabrication, falsification, misrepresentation, or infringement of intellectual property rights.

f.      Retain full responsibility for the final manuscript, including all content generated or modified with AI assistance.

g.     Routine spelling, grammar, and reference-formatting tools that do not generate substantive scholarly content generally do not require disclosure, unless otherwise specified by the journal.

 

2. AI and Authorship

a.     AI tools, chatbots, and other AI systems cannot be listed as authors or co-authors of manuscripts submitted to JP2KG AUD. Authorship is reserved for individuals who have made qualifying intellectual contributions and can accept responsibility for the integrity of the work.

b.    Authors must ensure that all listed authors meet the journal's authorship criteria and approve the final manuscript. The use of AI does not exempt any author from accountability for the accuracy, originality, and ethical integrity of the submitted work.

 

3. Research Integrity and Data Protection

a.     AI must not be used to fabricate or falsify research data, generate misleading findings, manipulate images in a deceptive manner, or create references to sources that do not exist.

b.    Authors using AI for data processing, coding, statistical analysis, or the generation of research-related figures must independently verify the procedures and outputs. When AI materially contributes to the research methodology or analysis, its use must be transparently reported to enable appropriate scholarly scrutiny.

c.     Authors must not enter confidential, personally identifiable, or sensitive research information into AI systems unless the use is authorized and appropriate privacy, security, consent, and data-protection requirements have been satisfied.

d.    For research involving young children, families, teachers, or educational institutions, authors must take particular care to protect participant identities, research records, photographs, audio recordings, videos, and other potentially identifiable information. The use of AI must comply with applicable research ethics approvals and relevant consent and confidentiality requirements.

 

4. Use of AI by Editors

Editors may use appropriate AI-assisted tools for administrative support, manuscript screening, and other tasks that do not compromise confidentiality or editorial independence.

Editors must:

a.     Maintain independent professional judgment when evaluating manuscripts and making editorial decisions.

b.     Not rely solely on AI-generated assessments, recommendations, or AI-detection scores when determining manuscript quality, originality, or publication suitability.

c.     Protect the confidentiality of submitted manuscripts and associated editorial communications.

d.    Not upload unpublished manuscripts, confidential reviewer reports, or identifiable author information to external AI systems unless the use is expressly authorized and satisfies the journal's confidentiality and data-protection requirements.

e.     Ensure that any AI-assisted editorial output is reviewed for accuracy, fairness, and relevance before use.

f.      Editorial decisions must remain the responsibility of the authorized human editor.

 

5. Use of AI by Reviewers

a.     Peer reviewers must evaluate manuscripts independently and maintain strict confidentiality throughout the review process.

b.    Reviewers must not upload or disclose unpublished manuscripts, supplementary files, research data, or confidential editorial communications to public or external generative AI tools without explicit authorization and adequate confidentiality safeguards.

c.     AI must not replace the reviewer's critical assessment of a manuscript's originality, methodological rigor, theoretical contribution, validity of findings, and relevance to the scope of JP2KG AUD.

d.    Reviewers remain responsible for the accuracy, fairness, and integrity of their comments and recommendations. Any permitted substantive use of AI in preparing a review must be transparently disclosed to the editor.

 

6. AI-Generated Images, Figures, and Other Materials

a.     AI-generated or AI-modified images, illustrations, figures, tables, and other materials must not be presented in a misleading manner or misrepresented as authentic research evidence.

b.     Authors must disclose the use of AI when it materially contributes to the creation or modification of visual or other research materials. Such disclosure must identify the tool and explain the nature of its contribution.

c.     AI-generated visual materials must not be used to fabricate research observations, alter original evidence deceptively, or misrepresent children, research participants, educational settings, or research findings. All materials must comply with applicable copyright, licensing, privacy, and research ethics requirements.

 

7. AI Detection and Editorial Assessment

JP2KG AUD may use appropriate tools and editorial procedures to assess potential concerns regarding plagiarism, fabricated content, inaccurate references, or inappropriate AI use.However, AI-detection tools have limitations and may produce false-positive or false-negative results. An AI-detection score alone shall not constitute sufficient evidence of research misconduct or grounds for rejecting a manuscript.

Concerns regarding inappropriate AI use will be assessed through a fair editorial process that considers the available evidence, the nature of the suspected violation, the authors' explanations, and the journal's publication ethics procedures.

 

8. Disclosure Statement

When substantive AI use requires disclosure, authors must include an appropriate statement in the manuscript, preferably in a dedicated section entitled “Declaration of Generative AI and AI-Assisted Technologies in the Writing Process” or another relevant section, depending on the nature of the use. The statement should identify the AI tool, describe its purpose, and explain how the authors verified and reviewed its outputs.

Authors who have not used generative AI in preparing the manuscript may provide the following statement when requested by the journal:

“No generative AI or AI-assisted technologies were used in the preparation of this manuscript.”

This statement does not prohibit the use of conventional spelling, grammar, or reference-management software.

 

9. Violations and Editorial Actions

Failure to disclose substantive AI use, submitting fabricated or misleading AI-generated content, misrepresenting AI-generated material as original research evidence, or violating manuscript confidentiality may constitute a breach of publication ethics.

Depending on the nature and severity of the violation, JP2KG AUD may request clarification, require manuscript revision, reject a submission, suspend the review process, or take further action in accordance with its publication ethics procedures and applicable scholarly publishing standards.

For published articles, concerns may be addressed through appropriate post-publication procedures, including correction, expression of concern, or retraction when warranted.

All cases will be assessed individually, with due consideration of the evidence, the authors' responses, and the principles of fairness and academic integrity.

 

10. Policy Review

JP2KG AUD will periodically review and update this policy to reflect developments in AI technology, scholarly publishing practices, research ethics, and applicable guidelines. All authors, editors, and reviewers are expected to comply with the current version of this policy.

By submitting a manuscript to JP2KG AUD, authors acknowledge their responsibility to comply with this policy and to uphold the journal's standards of academic integrity and ethical scholarly communication.