Biomedical colors images watermarking scheme based on LSB, Henon map and ECKBA

Authors

  • Noura Alexendre Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
  • Fotsing Kuetche 1Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
  • Welba Colince Department of Fundamental Sciences, National Advanced School of Mines and Petroleum Industries, University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon
  • Simo Thierry Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
  • Ntsama Eloundou Pascal Department of Physics, National Teaching School of Bertoua, University of Bertoua, Bertoua, Cameroon

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26740/vubeta.v3i2.44096

Keywords:

Biomedical images, LSB Watermarking , Henon map , Enhanced Chaotic Key-Based

Abstract

With rapid digitalization in healthcare, biomedical images like X-rays, CT, MRI, and ultrasound scans are routinely transmitted, stored, and shared across hospital networks and telemedicine platforms. Ensuring data security, authenticity, and patient privacy during this process is a major challenge. Unauthorized access, modification, or duplication of images can result in diagnostic errors, legal issues, and loss of patient trust. Researchers have developed algorithms for image watermarking (embedding copyright or authentication information) and image encryption (scrambling data to protect it) to address these concerns. In this article, we present an algorithm that combines watermarking with encryption to enhance security and ensure confidentiality for medical images. Our approach centers on a blind hybrid watermarking technique. 'Blind' means the original image is not needed to extract the watermark, and 'hybrid' refers to combining techniques. This method specifically uses LSB (Least Significant Bit) embedding with a text image as the watermark. For encryption, chaotic sequences generated by the Henon map (a mathematical system used to generate pseudo-random numbers) power selective encryption, while the Enhanced 1D Chaotic Key Based Algorithm (ECKBA) is used for image encryption. The main advantage is our method's ability to generate a large space of encryption keys, critical for resisting brute-force attacks. Experimental and planned results demonstrate the robustness of our algorithm against common attacks and its watermark's invisibility to the human eye

Author Biographies

Noura Alexendre, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon

Noura Alexendre        is a researcher in Applied Artificial Intelligence with a focus on health. He holds a PhD in Electronics. Automatics. and Computer Science and he is lecturer at the Department of Physics at the University of Ngaoundere. Cameroon. He received his BSc in Electronics. Electrotechnics. and Automation from the Faculty of Science. University of Ngaoundere. in 2005. He later obtained his M.Eng in the same field and institution in 2009. His research interests are primarily focused on signal processing and image watermarking. He can be contacted via email at: nouraalaxendre@gmail.com

Fotsing Kuetche , 1Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon

Fotsing Kuetche is a researcher in Applied Artificial Intelligence with a focus on health and energy applications. He holds a PhD in Electronics, Automatics and Computer Science and published several scientific papers in this domain. Following his PhD, he expanded his work to include deep learning applications in photovoltaic fault diagnosis and now aims to develop AI systems suitable for resource-constrained environments, especially in African contexts. He can be contacted via email at Fotsing.fk@gmail.com

Welba Colince, Department of Fundamental Sciences, National Advanced School of Mines and Petroleum Industries, University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon

Department of Fundamental Sciences, National Advanced School of Mines and Petroleum Industries, University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon

Simo Thierry, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon

Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon

Ntsama Eloundou Pascal, Department of Physics, National Teaching School of Bertoua, University of Bertoua, Bertoua, Cameroon

Department of Physics, National Teaching School of Bertoua, University of Bertoua, Bertoua, Cameroon

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2026-05-28

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[1]
N. Alexendre, F. Kuetche, W. Colince, S. Thierry, and N. E. Pascal, “Biomedical colors images watermarking scheme based on LSB, Henon map and ECKBA”, Vokasi UNESA Bull. Eng. Technol. Appl. Sci., vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 330–343, May 2026.

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