Potential of Cordyline fructicosa and Sanseviera trifasciata as Cd Heavy Metal Absorption Agents in Soil

Abstract

This phytoremediation study was aimed to determine the ability of Cordyline fructicosa and Sanseviera trifasciata plants as restoration plants to absorb heavy metal cadmium (Cd) in polluted soil. This research is an experimental study using a completely randomized design (CRD) with different concentrations of Cd with treatment factors, namely: 0.003 ppm, 0.530 ppm, 0.626 ppm, 0.742 ppm. The research was conducted for 21 days at the Green House, Department of Biology, FMIPA UNESA. The research parameters measured included soil Cd content, plant Cd, plant growth, and soil physico-chemical factors (temperature, pH). Cd content of soil and plant roots was measured by AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy), soil pH was measured by soil tester, soil temperature was measured by thermometer, and plant growth was measured by meter. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and continued with the BNT test at a significance level of 5%. The results showed that differences in Cd concentration affected root absorption and Cd content in Cordyline fructicosa and Sanseviera trifasciata. Bioconcentration (BCF < 1). The highest bioaccumulation value was soil at a concentration of 0.626 ppm, namely 0.008 ppm for Sanseviera trivasciata and 0.011 ppm for Cordyline fructicosa. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that Cordyline fructicosa and Sanseviera trifasciata plants are phytoremediators that have the ability to absorb Cd in the soil so that they can improve soil quality.