Analisis Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan, Financial Technology, dan Demografi terhadap Inklusi Keuangan pada Masyarakat di Kota Surabaya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26740/jim.v8n4.p1233-1246Keywords:
financial inclusion, financial literacy, financial technology.Abstract
Financial inclusion is one of the interesting discussions in global economic development. Indonesia is a country in ASEAN which has the most rapid increase in financial inclusion in recent years. In the era of the industrial revolution 4.0, everyone is required to be able to follow the development of existing technology and information. This study aims to determine the influence of independent variables (financial literacy, financial technology, demographics) on the dependent variable (financial inclusion) in the City of Surabaya. This study is a causality study with quota sampling. The data of this study is quantitative by collecting data by questionnaire. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. The result of this study based on t statistical tests show that financial literacy, age, and education have a positive effect on financial inclusion. While the variables financial technology, gender, and income did not affect on financial inclusion. Based on the statistical test f, all of the independent variables simultaneously influence the dependent variable (financial inclusion).
References
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Ajzen, I. (2005). Attitudes, Personality, and Behavior (Second Edition) (T. Manstead (ed.); 2nd ed.). Open University Press.
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Asandimitra, N., & Kautsar, A. (2020). The Influence of Financial Information, Financial Literacy, Financial Self-Efficacy, and Emotional Intelligence to Financial. Humanities & Sosial Sciences Reviews, 7(6), 11121124. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.76160
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Bongomin, G. O. C., Ntayi, J. M., Munene, J. C., & Nkote Nabeta, I. (2016). Social capital: Mediator of Financial Literacy and Financial Inclusion in Rural Uganda. Review of International Business and Strategy, 26(2), 291312. https://doi.org/10.1108/RIBS-06-2014-0072
Cámara, N., & Tuesta, D. A. (2016). Factors that matter for financial inclusion¯: Evidence from Peru. AESTIMATIO, The IEB International Journal of Finance, 2015. 10: 8-29 ©, January 2015. https://doi.org/10.5605/IEB.10.1
Chen, H., & Volpe, R. P. (1998). An Analysis of Personal Financial Literacy Among College Students. Financial Services Riview, 7(2), 107128.
Cohen, M., & Nelson, C. (2011). Financial Literacy¯: A Step for Clients towards Financial Inclusion. Commissioned Workshop Paper, Valladolid, Spain.
Davis, F. D. (1989). Percevid Usefulness, Percevid Ease of Use, and user Acceptance of Information Technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319340. http://www.jstor.org/pagr/info/about/policies/terms.jsp
Demirgüç-Kunt, A., Klapper, L., Singer, D., Ansar, S., & Hess, J. (2018). The little book on Financial Inclusion 2018. World Bank Group. Finance & Market. https://www.unsgsa.org/files/3815/2511/8893/LDB_Financial_Inclusion_2018.pdf
Durai, T., & Stella, G. (2019). Digital Finance and Its Impact on Financial Inclusion. Research Gate, January. https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/84771/
Fanta, A., & Makina, D. (2019). The Relationship Between Technology and Financial Inclusion¯: Cross-Sectional Evidence. Extending Financial Inclusion in Africa, June, 211230. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-814164-9.00010-4
Freedman, R. S. (2006). Complete Technology Guides For Financial Service Series to Introduction Financial Technology (1st ed.). Academics Press. https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=id&lr=&id=APJ7QeR_XPkC&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=financial+technology&ots=fPSN2_cstW&sig=z7So0PH0F1gd_Non2mNGgO6uAPI&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=financial%20technology&f=false, diakses pada 11 Desember 2019.
FungáÄová, Z., & Weill, L. (2014). Understanding financial inclusion in China. China Economic Review, 34, 196206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2014.12.004
Gardeva, A., & Rhyne, E. (2011). Opportunities and Obstacles to Financial Inclusion. Publication 12 Center for Financial Inclusion at Accion International. 1-46.
Hanung, R. (2018). Terbukti, Surabaya Memang Sarang Orang Kaya RI. CNBC Indonesia. https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20180923150139-4-34365/terbukti-surabaya-memang-sarang-orang-kaya-ri, diakses pada 11 Desember 2019.
Humaidi, A., Khoirudin, M., Riska, A., & Kautsar, A. (2020). The Effect of Financial Technology , Demography , and Financial Literacy on Financial Management Behavior of Productive Age in Surabaya , Indonesia. International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research and Engineering (Ijasre), 6(1), 7781. https://doi.org/10.31695/IJASRE.2020.33604
Hutabarat, F. (2018). Pengaruh literasi keuangan dan financial technology terhadap inklusi keuangan pada masyarakat jabodetabek. Institut Pertanian Bogor. 1-41.
Ion, & Alexandra. (2016). Financial Technology (FinTech) and its Implementation on the Romanian Non-Banking Capital Market. SEA Practical Application of Science, IV(11), 379384.
Isnandar. (2019). Pengaruh Demografi dan Suku Bunga Terhadap Perilaku Menabung Masyarakat di Kabupaten Pamekasan. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen (JIM), 7(4), 9941004.
Khoirunnisa, I. (2018). Analisis Kausalitas Inklusi Keuangan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Inklusif di Indonesia [Universitas Sumatra Utara]. In Repositori Institusi USU. http://repositori.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/12535
Krisnakai. (2017). Pengertian Tingkat Pendidikan. Bukuteori.Com. https://bukuteori.com/2017/05/20/pengertian-tingkat-pendidikan/, diakses pada 11 Desember 2019.
Kusnandar, V. B. (2019). Inilah Sebaran Penduduk Miskin di Indonesia 2019. Databoks. https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2019/07/31/inilah-sebaran-penduduk-miskin-di-indonesia-2019, diakses pada 15 November 2019.
Michelle, A. M. (2016). The Effect of Digital Finance on Financial Inlusion in the Banking Industry in Kenya. University of Nairobi. 1-48
Mindra, R., & Moya, M. (2017). Financial self-efficacy: A mediator in advancing financial inclusion. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion, 36(2), 128149. https://doi.org/10.1108/EDI-05-2016-0040
Nadliroh, I. (2017). Kesetaraan Gender antara Jenis Kelamin (Seks) dan Pembagian Peran (Gender). Kompasiana. https://www.kompasiana.com/iinnadliroh/59da41b882386a479e309172/kesetaraan-gender-antara-jenis-kelamin-seks-dan-pembagian-peran-gender?page=all, diakses pada 03 Januari 2020
Nugroho, A., & Purwanti, E. Y. (2017b). Determinan Inklusi Keuangan di Indonesia. Universitas Diponegoro.
OECD. (2016). PISA 2015 Assessment and Analytical Framework¯: Science, Reading, Mathematic and Financial Literacy (pp. 9197). OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264255425-en
OJK. (2016). Survei Literasi dan Inklusi Keuangan 2016. Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. 1-26.
OJK. (2017). Strategi Nasional Literasi Keuangan Indonesia (Revisit 2017). Otoritas Jasa Keuangan, 199.
Pulungan, D. R., & Ndruru, A. (2019). Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan dan Modal Sosial Terhadap Inklusi Keuangan (Studi Kasus pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara. In Seminar Nasional & Call For Paper Seminar Bisnis Magister Manajemen (SAMBIS-2019). Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara.
Rizaldi, M. H., & Asandimitra, N. (2019). Demografi, Pengaruh Bekerja, Pengalaman Pendidikan, D A N Keuangan, Pengelolaan Tua, Orang Literasi, Terhadap Di, Mahasiswa Tinggi, Perguruan. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen Volume 7 Nomor 2 Jurusan Manajemen Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Negeri Surabaya, 7(2), 291298.
Roy, M., & Chaterjee, T. B. (2016). An analysis of financial inclusion. Journal of Rural Development, 35(4), 621644.
Safira, N., & Dewi, A. S. (2019). Peran Modal Sosial Sebagai Mediator Literasi Keuangan dan Inklusi Keuangan di Kota Padang. Jurnal Mitra Manajemen, 3(1), 2943. http://e-jurnalmitramanajemen.com/index.php/jmm/article/view/125/69
Sahoo, A. K., Pradhan, B. B., & Sahu, N. C. (2017). Determinants of Financial Inclusion in Tribal Districts of Odisha¯: An Empirical Investigation. SAGE Publications, 47(1), 120. https://doi.org/10.1177/0049085716683072
Saputra, R. S., & Dewi, A. S. (2017). Peran Modal Sosial Sebagai Mediator Literasi Keuangan dan Inklusi Keuangan Pada Kaum Muda di Indonesia (Studi Kasus pada Komunitas Investor Saham Pemula). Jurnal Manajemen Teori Dan Terapan | Journal of Theory and Applied Management, 10(3), 243. https://doi.org/10.20473/jmtt.v10i3.3064
Sari, D. K. (2017). Analisis Pengaruh Inklusi Keuangan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Kemiskinan dan Ketimpangan di Jawa Timur Periode tahun 2011-2015. Universitas Brawijaya.
Tuesta, D., Sorensen, G., & Haring, A. (2015). Financial inclusion and its determinants¯: the case of Argentina (Issue January). 1-28
Uchoa, P. (2018). Krisis Ekonomi 2008 dan Keadaannya di Sejumlah Negara, termasuk Indonesia, 10 tahun kemudian. BBC World Service. https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/dunia-45495304
Widarti, P. (2020). Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Jatim Capai 5,5 Persen pada 2019. Bisnis.Com. https://surabaya.bisnis.com/read/20200205/532/1197697/pertumbuhan-ekonomi-jatim-capai-552-persen-pada-2019
Wildan, M. (2019). Pengaruh Persepsi Kemudahan Penggunaan, Efektivitas dan Risiko terhadap Minat Bertransaksi Menggunakan Financial Technology (Fintech). Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo. Semarang. 1-71
Wokabi, V. W., & Fatoki, O. I. (2019). Determinants of Financial Inclusion in East Africa. International Journal of Business and Management, VII(1). https://doi.org/10.20472/bm.2019.7.1.009
Yakubu, I., Dinye, R., Buor, D., & Iddrisu, W. A. (2017). Discriminant Analysis of Demand-Side Roadblocks to Financial Inclusion in Northern Ghana. Journal of Mathematical Finance, 07(03), 718733. https://doi.org/10.4236/jmf.2017.73038
Zins, A., & Weill, L. (2016). The determinants of financial inclusion in Africa. Review of Development Finance, 6(1), 4657. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rdf.2016.05.001
Ajzen, I. (1991). The Theory of Planned Behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179211. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T 3.
Ajzen, I. (2005). Attitudes, Personality, and Behavior (Second Edition) (T. Manstead (ed.); 2nd ed.). Open University Press.
Akileng, G., Lawino, G. M., & Nzibonera, E. (2018). Evaluation of determinants of financial inclusion in Uganda. Journal of Applied Finance & Banking, 8(4), 4766.
Asandimitra, N., & Kautsar, A. (2020). The Influence of Financial Information, Financial Literacy, Financial Self-Efficacy, and Emotional Intelligence to Financial. Humanities & Sosial Sciences Reviews, 7(6), 11121124. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.76160
Atkinson, A., & Messy, F.-A. (2012). Measuring Financial Literacy¯: Results of the OECD / International Network on Financial Education ( INFE ) Pilot Study (No. 15). https://doi.org/Adele Atkinson, Flore-Anne Messy https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5k9csfs90fr4-en
Ayudya, A. C., & Wibowo, A. (2018). The Intention to Use E-Money using Theory of Planned Behavior and Locus of Control. Jurnal Keuangan Dan Perbankan, 22(2), 335349. https://doi.org/10.26905/jkdp.v22i2.1691
Bongomin, G. O. C., Ntayi, J. M., Munene, J. C., & Nkote Nabeta, I. (2016). Social capital: Mediator of Financial Literacy and Financial Inclusion in Rural Uganda. Review of International Business and Strategy, 26(2), 291312. https://doi.org/10.1108/RIBS-06-2014-0072
Cámara, N., & Tuesta, D. A. (2016). Factors that matter for financial inclusion¯: Evidence from Peru. AESTIMATIO, The IEB International Journal of Finance, 2015. 10: 8-29 ©, January 2015. https://doi.org/10.5605/IEB.10.1
Chen, H., & Volpe, R. P. (1998). An Analysis of Personal Financial Literacy Among College Students. Financial Services Riview, 7(2), 107128.
Cohen, M., & Nelson, C. (2011). Financial Literacy¯: A Step for Clients towards Financial Inclusion. Commissioned Workshop Paper, Valladolid, Spain.
Davis, F. D. (1989). Percevid Usefulness, Percevid Ease of Use, and user Acceptance of Information Technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319340. http://www.jstor.org/pagr/info/about/policies/terms.jsp
Demirgüç-Kunt, A., Klapper, L., Singer, D., Ansar, S., & Hess, J. (2018). The little book on Financial Inclusion 2018. World Bank Group. Finance & Market. https://www.unsgsa.org/files/3815/2511/8893/LDB_Financial_Inclusion_2018.pdf
Durai, T., & Stella, G. (2019). Digital Finance and Its Impact on Financial Inclusion. Research Gate, January. https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/84771/
Fanta, A., & Makina, D. (2019). The Relationship Between Technology and Financial Inclusion¯: Cross-Sectional Evidence. Extending Financial Inclusion in Africa, June, 211230. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-814164-9.00010-4
Freedman, R. S. (2006). Complete Technology Guides For Financial Service Series to Introduction Financial Technology (1st ed.). Academics Press. https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=id&lr=&id=APJ7QeR_XPkC&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=financial+technology&ots=fPSN2_cstW&sig=z7So0PH0F1gd_Non2mNGgO6uAPI&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=financial%20technology&f=false, diakses pada 11 Desember 2019.
FungáÄová, Z., & Weill, L. (2014). Understanding financial inclusion in China. China Economic Review, 34, 196206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2014.12.004
Gardeva, A., & Rhyne, E. (2011). Opportunities and Obstacles to Financial Inclusion. Publication 12 Center for Financial Inclusion at Accion International. 1-46.
Hanung, R. (2018). Terbukti, Surabaya Memang Sarang Orang Kaya RI. CNBC Indonesia. https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20180923150139-4-34365/terbukti-surabaya-memang-sarang-orang-kaya-ri, diakses pada 11 Desember 2019.
Humaidi, A., Khoirudin, M., Riska, A., & Kautsar, A. (2020). The Effect of Financial Technology , Demography , and Financial Literacy on Financial Management Behavior of Productive Age in Surabaya , Indonesia. International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research and Engineering (Ijasre), 6(1), 7781. https://doi.org/10.31695/IJASRE.2020.33604
Hutabarat, F. (2018). Pengaruh literasi keuangan dan financial technology terhadap inklusi keuangan pada masyarakat jabodetabek. Institut Pertanian Bogor. 1-41.
Ion, & Alexandra. (2016). Financial Technology (FinTech) and its Implementation on the Romanian Non-Banking Capital Market. SEA Practical Application of Science, IV(11), 379384.
Isnandar. (2019). Pengaruh Demografi dan Suku Bunga Terhadap Perilaku Menabung Masyarakat di Kabupaten Pamekasan. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen (JIM), 7(4), 9941004.
Khoirunnisa, I. (2018). Analisis Kausalitas Inklusi Keuangan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Inklusif di Indonesia [Universitas Sumatra Utara]. In Repositori Institusi USU. http://repositori.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/12535
Krisnakai. (2017). Pengertian Tingkat Pendidikan. Bukuteori.Com. https://bukuteori.com/2017/05/20/pengertian-tingkat-pendidikan/, diakses pada 11 Desember 2019.
Kusnandar, V. B. (2019). Inilah Sebaran Penduduk Miskin di Indonesia 2019. Databoks. https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2019/07/31/inilah-sebaran-penduduk-miskin-di-indonesia-2019, diakses pada 15 November 2019.
Michelle, A. M. (2016). The Effect of Digital Finance on Financial Inlusion in the Banking Industry in Kenya. University of Nairobi. 1-48
Mindra, R., & Moya, M. (2017). Financial self-efficacy: A mediator in advancing financial inclusion. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion, 36(2), 128149. https://doi.org/10.1108/EDI-05-2016-0040
Nadliroh, I. (2017). Kesetaraan Gender antara Jenis Kelamin (Seks) dan Pembagian Peran (Gender). Kompasiana. https://www.kompasiana.com/iinnadliroh/59da41b882386a479e309172/kesetaraan-gender-antara-jenis-kelamin-seks-dan-pembagian-peran-gender?page=all, diakses pada 03 Januari 2020
Nugroho, A., & Purwanti, E. Y. (2017b). Determinan Inklusi Keuangan di Indonesia. Universitas Diponegoro.
OECD. (2016). PISA 2015 Assessment and Analytical Framework¯: Science, Reading, Mathematic and Financial Literacy (pp. 9197). OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264255425-en
OJK. (2016). Survei Literasi dan Inklusi Keuangan 2016. Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. 1-26.
OJK. (2017). Strategi Nasional Literasi Keuangan Indonesia (Revisit 2017). Otoritas Jasa Keuangan, 199.
Pulungan, D. R., & Ndruru, A. (2019). Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan dan Modal Sosial Terhadap Inklusi Keuangan (Studi Kasus pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara. In Seminar Nasional & Call For Paper Seminar Bisnis Magister Manajemen (SAMBIS-2019). Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara.
Rizaldi, M. H., & Asandimitra, N. (2019). Demografi, Pengaruh Bekerja, Pengalaman Pendidikan, D A N Keuangan, Pengelolaan Tua, Orang Literasi, Terhadap Di, Mahasiswa Tinggi, Perguruan. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen Volume 7 Nomor 2 Jurusan Manajemen Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Negeri Surabaya, 7(2), 291298.
Roy, M., & Chaterjee, T. B. (2016). An analysis of financial inclusion. Journal of Rural Development, 35(4), 621644.
Safira, N., & Dewi, A. S. (2019). Peran Modal Sosial Sebagai Mediator Literasi Keuangan dan Inklusi Keuangan di Kota Padang. Jurnal Mitra Manajemen, 3(1), 2943. http://e-jurnalmitramanajemen.com/index.php/jmm/article/view/125/69
Sahoo, A. K., Pradhan, B. B., & Sahu, N. C. (2017). Determinants of Financial Inclusion in Tribal Districts of Odisha¯: An Empirical Investigation. SAGE Publications, 47(1), 120. https://doi.org/10.1177/0049085716683072
Saputra, R. S., & Dewi, A. S. (2017). Peran Modal Sosial Sebagai Mediator Literasi Keuangan dan Inklusi Keuangan Pada Kaum Muda di Indonesia (Studi Kasus pada Komunitas Investor Saham Pemula). Jurnal Manajemen Teori Dan Terapan | Journal of Theory and Applied Management, 10(3), 243. https://doi.org/10.20473/jmtt.v10i3.3064
Sari, D. K. (2017). Analisis Pengaruh Inklusi Keuangan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Kemiskinan dan Ketimpangan di Jawa Timur Periode tahun 2011-2015. Universitas Brawijaya.
Tuesta, D., Sorensen, G., & Haring, A. (2015). Financial inclusion and its determinants¯: the case of Argentina (Issue January). 1-28
Uchoa, P. (2018). Krisis Ekonomi 2008 dan Keadaannya di Sejumlah Negara, termasuk Indonesia, 10 tahun kemudian. BBC World Service. https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/dunia-45495304
Widarti, P. (2020). Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Jatim Capai 5,5 Persen pada 2019. Bisnis.Com. https://surabaya.bisnis.com/read/20200205/532/1197697/pertumbuhan-ekonomi-jatim-capai-552-persen-pada-2019
Wildan, M. (2019). Pengaruh Persepsi Kemudahan Penggunaan, Efektivitas dan Risiko terhadap Minat Bertransaksi Menggunakan Financial Technology (Fintech). Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo. Semarang. 1-71
Wokabi, V. W., & Fatoki, O. I. (2019). Determinants of Financial Inclusion in East Africa. International Journal of Business and Management, VII(1). https://doi.org/10.20472/bm.2019.7.1.009
Yakubu, I., Dinye, R., Buor, D., & Iddrisu, W. A. (2017). Discriminant Analysis of Demand-Side Roadblocks to Financial Inclusion in Northern Ghana. Journal of Mathematical Finance, 07(03), 718733. https://doi.org/10.4236/jmf.2017.73038
Zins, A., & Weill, L. (2016). The determinants of financial inclusion in Africa. Review of Development Finance, 6(1), 4657. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rdf.2016.05.001
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2020-07-26
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Sari, A. N., & Kautsar, A. (2020). Analisis Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan, Financial Technology, dan Demografi terhadap Inklusi Keuangan pada Masyarakat di Kota Surabaya. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 8(4), 1233–1246. https://doi.org/10.26740/jim.v8n4.p1233-1246
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