Uncertainty of Sanction Norms in Safeguarding Political Rights of Disabled Voters in Indonesia

I Kadek Achmad Ricardo Riyan Saputra; Satrio Prawirajaya; Rangga Putra Adinata; Fitria Damayanti; Azwar Siri

doi:10.26740/dlr.v2i1.52154

Authors

I Kadek Achmad Ricardo Riyan Saputra Sudarjono Regional Representative Council Office
Satrio Prawirajaya Sudarjono Regional Representative Council Office
Rangga Putra Adinata Sudarjono Regional Representative Council Office
Fitria Damayanti University of Manchester
Azwar Siri Minangkabau Cultural and Customary Advocacy Institute

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26740/dlr.v2i1.52154

Keywords:

Disability rights protection, Political rights participation, Inclusive electoral processes, Legal sanction mechanisms, Electoral law regulation

Abstract

The protection of political rights is a fundamental element of democratic governance and reflects the principle of equality before the law. Within a democratic framework, all citizens are entitled to engage in political processes without discriminatory barriers, including individuals with disabilities. Their involvement may take multiple forms throughout the electoral process, whether as voters, electoral candidates, or contributors to the administration of elections. Although these rights have been formally recognized within the national legal framework, their effective implementation in practice continues to encounter various challenges. Significant challenges persist, especially in guaranteeing adequate accessibility throughout the electoral process. This study contributes to the debate on legal certainty by examining sanction norms within the hierarchy of laws and regulations governing disability rights in elections. The analysis focuses on the relationship between general guarantees of disability rights, the broader legal framework governing elections, and technical administrative guidelines developed by electoral institutions. Using normative legal research with statutory and conceptual approaches, the study finds that although the regulatory structure appears formally aligned, the provisions concerning sanctions remain general and lack clarity. This condition weakens the effectiveness of legal protection and may hinder the realization of accessible and inclusive elections for persons with disabilities.

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