The Implementation LKPD of Majapahit Surya Symbol to Improve Elementary School Student’s Understanding of Triangle and Circle Concepts

Abstract

Geometry learning in elementary schools is often abstract, making it difficult for students to understand basic geometric concepts. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of a Student Worksheet (LKPD) based on Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) integrating the Surya Majapahit cultural symbol to support students’ understanding of triangles and circles. This qualitative study employed a design research methodology consisting of preparing for the experiment, teaching experiment, and retrospective analysis stages. The participants were second-grade students at SDN Mejoyo, Mojokerto Regency. Data were collected through observations, interviews, documentation, and students’ work, and analyzed by comparing the Hypothetical Learning Trajectory (HLT) and the Actual Learning Trajectory (ALT). The results indicate that contextual learning activities using the Surya Majapahit symbol facilitated students’ gradual construction of geometric understanding from informal contexts to formal concepts. Revisions from HLT to ALT improved the alignment between predicted and actual learning processes. Therefore, RME-based worksheets integrated with ethnomathematics effectively promote meaningful and contextual geometry learning in elementary schools.