REAL-TIME POND WATER QUALITY MONITORING DEVICE DESIGN USING HYBRID WLAN AND GSM TECHNOLOGY

Abstract

Climate change has increased environmental uncertainty, posing significant challenges to aquaculture sustainability in Indonesia, a coastal country where fishery resources play a vital role in food security and livelihoods. Despite high fish demand, pond productivity continues to decline due to suboptimal water quality management, limited monitoring accessibility, and the high cost of conventional monitoring systems. This study aims to develop a simple and cost-effective real-time pond water quality monitoring system using a hybrid Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) architecture. Water quality data were obtained through continuous measurements of pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), and water temperature using integrated sensors connected to an Arduino Uno R4 WiFi. The collected data were transmitted in real time via a hybrid WLAN–GSM communication system to enable remote and continuous monitoring. Experimental results show that the system achieved accuracy rates of 94.31% for temperature, 94.91% for TDS, and 98.13% for pH measurements. These results indicate that the proposed system performs reliably and can support effective pond management to optimize fish growth and enhance aquaculture productivity.