Optimization of CNC Milling Parameters Machining on Surface Roughness and Hardness Value of Material SS 316

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26740/vubeta.v3i1.40971

Keywords:

Stainless steel 316, CNC milling, Surface Roughness, Hardness, Optimalization

Abstract

The issue in the CNC milling process on SS 316 material is the variation in machining parameters that can affect the surface quality and hardness of the workpiece. Surface quality and hardness are important in the application of industrial machine components because they affect wear resistance and component lifespan. This research aims to optimize the machining parameters for surface roughness and hardness values on SS 316 material. Thus, optimal parameters are obtained to produce a smooth surface and appropriate hardness on SS 316 material in the CNC milling process. The varied machining parameters are spindle speed (1500, 1800, 2100 rpm), feed rate (50, 100, 150 mm/min), and depth of cut (0.2, 0.5, 0.8 mm). At present, the Taguchi method is used to determine the optimal machining parameters. From the research results, it was found that the machining parameters that produce optimal surface roughness are spindle speed (2100 rpm), feed rate (50 mm/min), and depth of cut (0.2 mm). Furthermore, the parameter that most affects surface roughness is the feed rate. On the other hand, for hardness, the optimal parameters are spindle speed (1500 rpm), feed rate (50 mm/min), and depth of cut (0.2 mm), with the factor that influences hardness being spindle speed. The optimal combination of parameters for roughness does not always yield optimal results for hardness, so an approach is needed in selecting machining parameters. This research contributes to the quality of the CNC milling process, particularly for SS 316 material.

Author Biographies

Muhammad Wildan Syifatillah, Politeknik Negeri Malang

Muhammad Wildan Syifatillah is a student of D4 Mechanical Engineering Production and Maintenance at the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Malang. He is pursuing studies in mechanical engineering with a concentration in production. His academic interests are centered on production. For further information or to communicate with Muhammad Wildan Syifatillah, he can be contacted at email: wildansyifatillah@gmail.com

Talifatim Machfuroh, Politeknik Negeri Malang

Talifatim Machfuroh is a lecturer and researcher in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Malang, Indonesia. As an academic, Talifatim is active in research and community service, focusing on design, vibration dynamics, engineering materials, and automation. She can be contacted at email: talifatim.machfuroh@polinema.ac.id

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2026-01-21

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[1]
Muhammad Wildan Syifatillah and Talifatim Machfuroh, “Optimization of CNC Milling Parameters Machining on Surface Roughness and Hardness Value of Material SS 316”, Vokasi Unesa Bull. Eng. Technol. Appl. Sci., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 44–54, Jan. 2026.

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