Annotation of Jambi District Court Decision Number 466/Pid.B/2025/PN Jmb Concerning the Crime of Extortion

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to analyze the legal considerations of the panel of judges in Jambi District Court Decision Number 466/Pid.B/2025/PN Jmb regarding the crime of extortion under Article 368 paragraph (1) of the Indonesian Criminal Code in conjunction with Article 55 paragraph (1) point 1 of the Criminal Code, particularly concerning the fulfillment of offense elements, criminal participation, and evidentiary standards.

Theoretical Framework: This study is grounded in criminal law doctrines concerning extortion, the concept of intent (dolus), the theory of coercion through threats of violence, criminal participation (deelneming), and the negatief-wettelijk evidentiary system under Articles 183 and 184 of the Criminal Procedure Code.

Method: This study employs a normative juridical method with a case approach through analysis of court decisions, statutory regulations, legal doctrines, trial facts, witness testimonies, and evidentiary materials.

Results and Discussion: The findings show that all elements of extortion were legally and convincingly proven, including unlawful intent, coercion through threats of violence, and joint participation among perpetrators. The court appropriately applied Article 55 of the Criminal Code and correctly assessed witness testimony, confession, physical evidence, and digital transfer evidence in accordance with criminal procedural law.

Research Implications: The findings reinforce the relevance of conventional criminal law in addressing crimes involving digital means and contribute to strengthening judicial accuracy in proving extortion and criminal liability.

Originality/Value: This study contributes to criminal law scholarship by providing a doctrinal analysis of extortion involving threats of violence and digital transactions, while offering insight into the application of evidentiary standards and participation doctrine in Indonesian criminal law.

Keywords: extortion; threat of violence; criminal participation; criminal liability; evidentiary law.