Adventures of Geometry: An Ethnomathematics-Based Virtual Reality Learning Media in the Context of Benteng Pendem for Geometry Transformations

Abstract

This study aimed to develop Adventures of Geometry, an ethnomathematics-based Virtual Reality (VR) learning medium that integrates the architectural heritage of Benteng Pendem into the learning of geometry transformations. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE instructional design model, consisting of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. Data were collected through expert validation sheets, student response questionnaires, classroom observations, and analysis of students' learning activities. The developed media achieved an average expert validation score of 89%, indicating a very valid category, and a practicality score of 88%, indicating a very practical category for classroom implementation. Analysis of students' learning activities showed that the immersive VR environment effectively facilitated students' understanding of translation and reflection, although additional instructional support remained necessary for rotation and dilation. The integration of immersive Virtual Reality with ethnomathematics through the cultural context of Benteng Pendem provides a meaningful learning environment that promotes conceptual understanding, spatial reasoning, and cultural awareness simultaneously. This study contributes to mathematics education by providing a systematically developed instructional framework for integrating Virtual Reality and ethnomathematics into culturally responsive geometry learning and offers an innovative alternative for teaching abstract geometry transformation concepts.