Distribusi Zakat dan Dinamika Kemiskinan: Studi Kausalitas di Jawa Timur
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26740/jekobi.v9n2.p159-179Keywords:
Zakat distribution, poverty dynamics, panel data, granger causalityAbstract
This study aims to map the causal mechanism of zakat distribution in relation to poverty dynamics and regional economic conditions in East Java. The study employs a quantitative approach using balanced panel data from 38 districts/cities during 2019–2022. Data were obtained from BAZNAS and Statistics Indonesia (BPS), covering six variables: poverty, regional GDP (PDRB), household consumption, population, productive zakat, and total zakat distribution. The analysis involves Pearson correlation, panel regression using the Common Effect Model (CEM), Fixed Effect Model (FEM), and Random Effect Model (REM), followed by Chow and Hausman tests. FEM is used to identify dominant empirical relationships, while Pairwise Granger Causality with one lag is employed to identify temporal relationships. The FEM results indicate that household consumption and population constitute important structural drivers within the regional economic system. Household consumption is positively associated with PDRB and negatively associated with poverty, while population is positively associated with poverty. Meanwhile, Granger Causality results show that total zakat distribution emerges as the principal temporal driver, preceding changes in household consumption, PDRB, poverty, and productive zakat. Integrating these findings produces a causal mechanism map that illustrates the structural and temporal relationships between zakat distribution, regional economic dynamics, and poverty in East Java. The findings provide an empirical foundation for developing a System Dynamics model in subsequent research..
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Copyright (c) 2026 Rianto Anugerah Wicaksono, Ana Toni Roby Candra Yudha, M. Maulana Asegaf
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