Eksplorasi Keanekaragaman Jamur Endofit dari Tanaman Obat Sirih Merah (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) di Desa Sidomulyo Batu
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26740/lenterabio.v14n2.p273-287Kata Kunci:
Keanekaragaman hayati, Mikroorganisme , TumbuhanAbstrak
Informasi mengenai jamur endofit pada tanaman sirih merah masih sangat terbatas, terutama pada tanaman yang hidup di dataran tinggi. Penelitian terdahulu menyebutkan bahwa lingkungan dapat menjadi faktor dalam keragaman jumlah dan jenis jamur endofit, sehingga tidak menutup kemungkinan bahwa fenomena ini juga berlaku pada tanaman sirih merah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi keragaman jamur endofit pada tanaman sirih merah yang hidup di dataran tinggi, terutama di Desa Sidomulyo, Batu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah isolasi, identifikasi, dan analisis nilai indeks keanekaragaman (H'). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat total 37 isolat dari akar, batang, dan daun tanaman sirih merah dengan jumlah isolat tertinggi pada daun (21 isolat) dan terendah pada akar (3 isolat). Isolat-isolat tersebut dikelompokkan menjadi 16 morfotipe. Sebanyak 12 morfotipe telah diidentifikasi, termasuk Purpureocillium lilacinum, Corynespora cassiicola, Penicillium sp., Curvularia lunata, Phyllosticta hostae, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Colletotrichum orientalis, Paecilomyces variotii, Colletotrichum nymphaeae, Colletotrichum nupharicola, Fusarium oxysporum, dan Hypoxylon pulicicidum. Empat morfotipe, yaitu MFE3, MFE10, MFE14, dan MFE15, belum teridentifikasi. Indeks keanekaragaman pada akar, batang, dan daun tergolong sedang dengan keanekaragaman tertinggi pada daun (H'= 1,818) dan terendah pada akar (1,099).
Referensi
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