Apa yang Berbeda? Kemampuan Kognitif pada Anak Tunanetra Tanpa Pengalaman Visual (Congenital Visual Impairment)

Siti Ina Savira; Wagino Wagino; Hermien Laksmiwati

doi:10.26740/inklusi.v3n1.p20-39

Authors

Siti Ina Savira Universitas Negeri Surabaya
Wagino Wagino Universitas Negeri Surabaya
Hermien Laksmiwati Universitas Negeri Surabaya.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26740/inklusi.v3n1.p20-39

Keywords:

kemampuan kognitif, sintesis riset, tunanetra cognitive ability, research synthesis, visual impairment

Abstract

Abstract

This study is aimed to obtain cognitive profile of children with congenital visual impairment. The method used is research synthesis. The sample in this study is 11 research-based references on visual impairment. The data is collected using online search engine that is google scholar using specific keywords. The references were chosen based on the relevance with criteria set up for this study. The variables in each articles were then identified assuming that there should be at least one variable in each research-based article. There were 5 variables identified that are reasoning, memory, spatial orientation, vocabulary, and verbal reasoning. Variables, aspects, and indicators were identified using reduction and coding. The result in this study is presented in a matrix consisting variable, aspects, and indicators of cognitive ability of children with visual impairment.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil kognitif anak dan remaja tunanetra. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sintesis riset (research synthesis). Sampel dalam penelitian ini merupakan 11 referensi ilmiah tentang ketunanetraan yang dianggap paling merepresentasikan fokus penelitian ini. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan mesin pencari daring, yaitu melalui scholar.google.com, dengan memasukkan kata kunci tertentu. Referensi ilmiah dipilih berdasarkan kesesuaian dengan kriteria dan batasan dalam penelitian ini. Variabel diidentifikasi berdasarkan fokus dari masing-masing referensi ilmiah, dengan asumsi bahwa referensi dari hasil penelitian memiliki fokus variabel tertentu yang diukur. Adapun 5 variabel tersebut adalah penalaran, ingatan, orientasi spasial, perbendaharaan kata, dan penalaran kata. Variabel, aspek, dan indikator diidentifikasi melalui reduksi dan diberi coding. Hasil penelitian ini dituangkan dalam bentuk matriks yang menggambarkan variabel, aspek, dan indikator kemampuan kognitif anak tunanetra.

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