Penerapan Metode Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) Terhadap Keterampilan Komunikasi Anak Spektrum Autisme
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26740/inklusi.v4n2.p126-137Keywords:
anak spektrum autisme, metode PECS, keterampilan komunikasi anak spektrum autisme.Abstract
Abstrak
Anak spektrum autisme merupakan salah satu individu yang memiliki hambatan keterampilan komunikasi dan membutuhkan suatu metode untuk meningkatkan keterampilan komunikasinya. Metode Picture Exchange Commununication System (PECS) merupakan salah satu best practice untuk mengembangkan keterampilan komunikasi anak spektrum autism. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tentang penerapan metode Picture Exchange Commununication System (PECS) terhadap keterampilan komunikasi anak spektrum autisme. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif deskriptif dengan desain berupa penelitian survei. Sampel penelitian terdiri atas 38 guru, terapis, atau orang yang berkompeten dalam pengembangan keterampilan komunikasi anak spektrum autisme di wilayah Provinsi Jawa Timur melalui penyebaran kuisioner menggunakan google form. Uji validitas dan reliabilitas menggunakan SPSS, sedangkan data penelitian dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif menggunakan persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: guru dan terapis di Jawa Timur yang telah menerapkan metode PECS sebesar 79%. Sebagian besar guru dan terapis tersebut sudah menerapkan PECS fase ke-1 sampai fase ke-6 sesuai tahapanannya dan merasa PECS sesuai dengan anak spektrum autism serta dapat meningkatkan keterampilan komunikasinya.
Kata Kunci: anak spektrum autisme, metode PECS, keterampilan komunikasi anak spektrum autisme.
Abstract
Children with autism spectrum are one of the individuals who have communication skills barriers and need a method to improve their communication skills. The Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) method is one of the best practices for developing communication skills for children with autism spectrum. This study aims to describe the application of the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) method to the communication skills of children with autism spectrum. This type of research is quantitative descriptive with a survey research design. The research sample consisted of 38 teachers, therapists, or people who are competent in developing communication skills for autism spectrum children in East Java Province through the distribution of questionnaires using google forms. Test the validity and reliability using SPSS, while the research data were analyzed quantitatively using percentages. The results showed that: 79% of teachers and therapists in East Java had applied the PECS method. Most of the teachers and therapists have implemented PECS phase 1 to phase 6 according to their stages and feel that PECS is suitable for children on the autism spectrum and can improve their communication skills.
Keywords: autism spectrum, PECS methods, communication skills of autism spectrum.
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