Development Of Body Image Scale in Digital Natives

Abstract

This study aims to test the development of a body image measurement tool that focuses on measuring appearance in the context of digital natives. The testing was conducted on a measurement tool developed based on Cash's (2000) body image construct in the form of a Likert scale. Data from 285 digital native samples was obtained through an online questionnaire. Item discrimination analysis, CFA, EFA, and reliability were conducted to test the reliability and validity of the items in the scale. The EFA results showed that there were 3 factors based on the eigenvalues criteria and 4 factors based on the fixed number criteria, all of which were multidimensional. In CFA, it was found that the 3-factor and 4-factor models were fit and met the construct validity criteria. The Cronbach's alpha reliability test showed that the two models met the reliability criteria for the entire scale and for each aspect. Although the body image measurement tools with 3 and 4 factor models in this study met the validity and reliability criteria in the context of digital natives, this study did not compare the 3 and 4 factor body image measurement tools in more specific demographic aspects such as culture and gender in the digital native population. It is hoped that comparisons can be made in future studies.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan ini melakukan uji coba pengembangan alat ukur body image yang berfokus dalam aspek ukur penampilan pada konteks digital native. Pengujian dilakukan pada alat ukur yang dikembangkan berdasarkan kosntruk body image milik Cash (2000) berbentuk skala likert. Data 285 sampel populasi digital native didapatkan melalui kuesioner online yang disebarkan. Analisis daya beda butir, CFA, EFA dan reliabilitas dilakukan untuk menguji reliabilitas dan validitas butir dalam skala. Hasil EFA menunjukan terdapat 3 faktor yang dihasilkan berdasarkan kriteria eigenvalues dan 4 faktor berdasarkan kriteria fixed number yang semua bersifat multidimensional. Pada CFA diketahui model 3 faktor dan 4 faktor memiliki model yang fit dan memenuhi kriteria validitas konstruk. Uji reliabilitas chronbach alpha menunjukan 2 model tersebut memenuhi reliabilitas yang sesuai kriteria pada keseluruhan skala serta pada aspek. Meskipun alat ukur body image dengan model 3 dan 4 faktor pada penelitian ini sudah memenuhi kriteria validitas dan reliablitas pada konteks digital native, namun penelitian ini tidak melakukan perbandingan pada alat ukur body image model faktor 3 dan 4 pada aspek demografis yang lebih spesifik seperti budaya dan jenis kelamin pada populasi digital native. Diharapkan pada penelitian selanjutnya perbandingan dapat dilakukan.