MODAL SOSIAL, KEWIRAUSAHAAN PEREMPUAN, DAN KEBERLANJUTAN UMKM DI INDONESIA: ANALISIS BIBLIOMETRIK DAN SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Abstrak
Penelitian ini memetakan perkembangan ilmiah mengenai modal sosial, kewirausahaan perempuan, dan keberlanjutan UMKM di Indonesia melalui analisis bibliometrik dan systematic literature review yang bersumber dari artikel dalam dokumen asli. Studi ini mengidentifikasi tren publikasi, fokus tematik, serta pola kolaborasi ilmiah yang membentuk struktur pengetahuan nasional. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa modal sosial berperan strategis dalam membentuk kapasitas kewirausahaan perempuan melalui jaringan, kepercayaan, norma kolektif, dan dukungan komunitas. Studi menemukan bahwa perempuan menghadapi hambatan struktural berupa keterbatasan akses modal, literasi digital, dan jejaring formal. Modal sosial memperkuat ketahanan usaha melalui mekanisme bonding, bridging, dan linking yang menurunkan biaya transaksi, memperluas peluang pasar, dan meningkatkan kemampuan adaptasi. Analisis bibliometrik menegaskan bahwa penelitian mengenai topik ini mengalami peningkatan signifikan pasca pandemi COVID-19 dan membentuk tiga klaster utama yaitu modal sosial, kewirausahaan perempuan, dan performa UMKM. Analisis SLR menunjukkan bahwa modal sosial memberikan pengaruh langsung terhadap kinerja UMKM perempuan dan berperan sebagai mediator antara pemberdayaan perempuan dan keberlanjutan usaha. Temuan studi menawarkan konstruksi model teoretik yang mengintegrasikan perspektif Bourdieu, Coleman, dan Putnam untuk menjelaskan dinamika relasional yang memengaruhi perilaku ekonomi perempuan. Kajian memberikan kontribusi teoretik bagi pengembangan ilmu sosial terapan dan menawarkan rekomendasi praktis bagi kebijakan pemberdayaan perempuan berbasis penguatan jejaring sosial.
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