Makna Kepentingan Umum Pada Kewenangan Deponering Dalam Perspektif Kepastian Hukum
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26740/jsh.v4n1.p160-189Abstract
Pengesampingan perkara atau deponering merupakan kewenangan Kejaksaan Republik Indonesia, khususnya Jaksa Agung. Pengaturan deponering diatur dalam Pasal 35 huruf c UU Nomor 16 Tahun 2004 yang menyatakan bahwa Jaksa Agung berwenang mengesampingkan perkara demi kepentingan umum. Pasal tersebut mengartikan kepentingan umum sebagai kepentingan dari bangsa dan negara, dan/atau kepentingan dari masyarakat luas. Konsep “kepentingan umum” menimbulkan pemahaman yang evaluatif dan kabur (vage normen). Makna evaluatif membutuhan kejelasan komprehensif, sehingga harus bersifat “clear and precise” (jelas dan tepat). Ketidakjelasan makna “kepentingan umum” berimplikasi pada ketidakpastian hukum. Parameter konsep “kepentingan umum” merupakan kebutuhan mutlak untuk memudahkan operasionalisasi makna kepentingan umum. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis parameter kepentingan umum untuk operasionalisasi konsep kepentingan umum, yang pada gilirannya akan memudahkan untuk menyandingkan konsep “kepastian hukum”. Penelitian hukum doktrinal ini menggunakan pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan, deponering adalah tidak dituntutnya perkara berdasarkan kepentingan umum, yaitu kepentingan bangsa dan negara yang merupakan kepentingan yang mencakup seluruh aspek dari bangsa yang terdapat dalam suatu negara. Serta, kepentingan masyarakat luas yang merupakan segala kepentingan terkait dengan tatanan kehidupan masyarakat secara menyeluruh. Apabila dalam penuntutan suatu perkara menimbulkan terganggunya stabilitas pemerintahan yang menyebabkan kerugian secara nyata bagi negara, serta menimbulkan reaksi ditengah masyarakat yang dapat mengancam keamanan masyarakat secara luas, maka penuntutan tersebut dapat ditiadakan atau dikesampingkan demi kepentingan umum. Selama ini, penafsiran makna kepentingan umum hanya didasarkan pada keyakinan Jaksa Agung saja. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya aturan terkait konsep kepentingan umum pada kewenangan deponering, agar pemaknaan kepentingan umum dapat berorientasi pada kepastian hukum.
References
Deponering is the authority of the Attorney General of the Republic of Indonesia,
especially the Attorney General. Deponering is regulated in Article 35 letter c Law
Number 16 of 2004 that the Attorney General has the authority to set aside cases in
the public interest. Public interest is defined as the interests of the nation and state,
and/or the interests of the wider community. The concept of “public interest” gives
rise to an evaluative and vague understanding (vage normen). Evaluative meaning
requires comprehensive clarity, so it must be “clear and precise”. The ambiguity of
the meaning of “public interest” has implications for legal uncertainty. Parameter
“public interest” is an absolute necessity to facilitate the operationalization of the
meaning of the public interest. This research to analyze the parameters for the
operationalization of the concept of public interest, which in turn will make it easier
to accompany the concept of “legal certainty”. This doctrinal legal research uses a
conceptual approaches and statutory approaches. The results of this study indicate
that deponering is a case that is not prosecuted based on the public interest, namely
the interests of the nation and state which includes all aspects of the nation contained
in a country. As well as, the interests of the wider community which are all interests
related to the overall order of social life. If the prosecution of a case disrupts the
stability of the government which causes real losses to the state or causes a negative
reactions in the community, then the prosecution can be set aside for the sake of the
public interest. The interpretation of the meaning of the public interest is only based
on the conviction of the Attorney General. Therefore, there is a need for the concept of
public interest in the authority of deponering, so that the meaning of the public interest
can be oriented towards legal certainty.
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