Pengujian terhadap Mutu Pupuk Hayati Illetrisoy untuk Tanaman Kedelai

Authors

  • Prihastuti Prihastuti Balai Penelitian Tanaman Aneka Kacang dan Umbi Jalan Raya Kendalpayak, Kotak Pos 66, Malang

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mutu dari pupuk hayati Illetrisoy. Penelitian diawali dengan identifi kasi jenis mikrob penyusun pupuk hayati, kualitas bahan pembawa dan produk pupuk hayati. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Illetrisoy A dan Illetrisoy B mengandung 4 jenis bakteri yang berasal dari genus Phaenibacillus dan Bacillus. Bahan pembawa Illetrisoy berupa campuran gambut dan serbuk arang memberikan mutu yang baik pada Illetrisoy A (pH 6,75, C 22,13%, N 1,32%, P2O5 389 ppm, K 2,68 me/100 g dan total populasi 36,5 × 108 cfu/g bahan) dan Illetrisoy B (pH 6,92, C 21,74%, N 1,25%, P2O5 412 ppm, K 2,47 me/100 g dan total populasi 34,9 × 108 cfu/g bahan). Aplikasi pupuk hayati Illetrisoy terhadap tanaman kedelai dilakukan di rumah kaca Balitkabi pada MH II 2012. Perlakuan pemberian pupuk hayati Illetrisoy A dan Illetrisoy B dengan atau tanpa pemberian pupuk kandang tidak menunjukkan perbedaan terhadap karakter morfologis maupun hasil biji, yang belum dapat mengungguli perlakuan NPK. Penggunaan Illetrisoy memberikan harapan untuk mengurangi masukan pupuk kimia dan memperbaiki sifat-sifat tanah secara berkesinambungan. Disarankan penelitian dilakukan dalam periode waktu yang lebih panjang dan terintegrasi dengan pola tanam dan sistem budi daya yang ada.

 

This study aimed to determine the quality of bio fertilizer. The research was consisted of identifi cation of microbial component, the carrier matter quality and the biofertilizer product. The result showed that Illetrisoy A and Illetrisoy B contain 4 species bacteria from the genus Phaenibacillus and Bacillus. The carrier of Illetrisoy was a mixture of Rawa Pening peat and charcoal powders provides a good quality in Illetrisoy A (pH 6.75, C 22.13%, N 1.32%, P2O5 389 ppm, K me/100 2.68 g and microbial population 36.5 × 108 cfu / g of matter) and Illetrisoy B (pH 6.92, C 21.74%, N 1.25%, P2O5 412 ppm, K me/100 2.47 g and microbial population 34.9 × 108 cfu / g of matter). The Illetrisoy effectiveness to soybean was conducted in the Balitkabi greenhouses at rainy season MH II 2012. The application of Illetrisoy A and Illetrisoy B with or without manure showed no differences in morphological characters and seed yield, which has been unable to outperform the NPK treatment. The Illetrisoy application provides a hope to reduce the inputs of chemical fertilizers and to improve soil properties in a sustainable manner. The research is recommended in a long period of time and is integrated with the cropping patterns and farming systems that exist.

References

Abdel-Salam, M.S., S.A. Ibrahim, M.M. Abd-El-Halim, F.M. Badawy, and S.E.M. Abo-Aba. 2010. Phenotypic characterization of indigenous Egyptian Rhizobial strains for abiotic stresses performance. J. of American Sci. 6 (9): 498503.

Afzal, A. and B. Asghari, 2008. Rhizobium and phosphate solubilizing bacteria improve the yield and phosphorus uptake in wheat (Triticum aestivum L). Int. J. Agric. Biol., 10: 858.

Ahmed, Z.I., M. Ansar, M. Tariq and M.S. Anjum, 2008. Effect of different Rhizobium inoculation methods on performance of lentil in pothowar region. Int. J. Agric. Biol., 10: 858.

Akhtar, M.S.,U. Shakeel, Z.A. Siddiqui. 2010. Biocontrol of Fusarium wilt by Bacillus pumilus, Pseudomonas alcaligenes, and Rhizobium sp. on lentil. Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh INDIA. Turk J Biol (34): 17

Anas, I., D.A. Santoso dan Y. Fakuara. 1992. Bioteknologi Pertanian 2. Pusat Antar Universitas Bioteknologi, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor. P. 187327.

Aslim, B., N. Saglam, and Y. Beyatli. 2002. Determination of some properties of Bacillus isolated from soil. Turk. J. Biol. (26): 4148.

Awais, M., A.A. Shah, A. Hameed, and F. Hasan. 2007. Isolation, Identifi cation and Optimization of Bacitracin Produced by Bacillus sp. Pak. J. Bot., 39 (4): 13031312.

Campbell, N., A. Reece, B. Jane, and M. Lawrence. 2003. Biologi. Terjemahan Biologi 5th edition oleh Wasmen Manalu. 1999. Penerbit Erlangga, Jakarta.

Chung YR, C.H. Kim, I. Hwang, and J. Chun. 2000. Paenibacillus koreensis sp. nov., a new species that produces an iturinlike antifungal compound. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 50: 14951500.

De-Bashan, L.E., J.P. Hernandez, Y. Bashan, and R. M. Maier. 2010. Bacillus pumilus ES4: Candidate plant growth-promoting bacterium to enhance establishment of plant in mine tailings. Environmental and Experimental Botani (69): 343352.

Glick, B.R., B. Todorovic, J. Czarny, Z. Cheng, and J. Duan. 2007. Promotion of plant growth by bacterial ACC deaminase. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 26: 227242.

Harsono A, Subandi, dan Suryantini, 2010. Formulasi pupuk hayati dan organik untuk meningkatkan produktivitas aneka kacang 20%, ubi 40% menghemat pupuk kimia 50%. Laporan Penelitian 2010. Balitkabi. 53 hlm.

Husen, E. 2009. Telaah efektivitas pupuk hayati komersial dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman. Prosiding Seminar dan Lokakarya Nasional Inovasi Sumberdaya Lahan, Bogor 2425 November 2009. Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian, Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. Pp. 418423.

Husen, E., R.D.M. Simanungkalit, and Irawan. 2007. Characterization and quality assessment of Indonesian commercial biofertilizers. Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science 8: 3138.

Hoult, B., and A.F. Tuxford. 1991. Toxin production by Bacillus pumilus. J Clin Pathol (44): 455458. Downloaded from jcp. bmj.com on November 8, 2012.

Jasinski, S.M. 2000. Peat. US Geologycal Survey: US Departement of the interior.

Jin H.J., R. Tu, F. Xu, and S.F. Chen. 2011. Identifi cation of Nitrogen Fixing Paenibacillus from Different Plant Rhizospheres and a Novel nifH Gene Detected in the P. stellifer1, Microbiology, 80 (1): 117124.

Kennedy, A.C. 1998. The rhizosphere and spermosphere. Pp. 389407 In SILVIA et al. (Eds.) Principles and Application of Soil Microbiology. Prentice Hall. New Jersey.

Landon JR. 1984. Booker Tropical Soil Manual.A Handbook for soil survey and agricultural land evaluation in the tropics and subtropics. BAI Limited. Bloomsbury House 7477 Great Russell Street London WC18 3DF England.

Makarim, K., F. Islam, M. A. Akkas Ali, F. Haque. 2001. On-farmtrail with Rhizobium inoculants on lentil. Bangladesh J. Agric Res 26, 9394.

Pasaribu D, N. Sunarlim, Sumarno, Y. Supriati, R. Saraswati, Sutjipto dan S. Karama. 1989. Penelitian inokulasi rizobium di Indonesia. Hlm. 329 In. M. Syam., Rubendi dan A. Widjono (ed). Risalah Lokakarya Penelitian Penambatan Nitrogen Secara Hayati pada Kacang-Kacangan, Bogor, 3031Agustus 1988.

Prihastuti. 2008. Adopsi pupuk hayati di Indonesia: Antara Harapan dan Realita. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pengembangan Kacang-Kacangan dan Umbi-Umbian, Surakarta 7 Agustus 2008, Kerjasama Balai Penelitian Tanaman Kacang-Kacangan dan Umbi-Umbian dengan Fakultas Pertanian/Pascasarjana Agronomi Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta dan Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Jawa Tengah. Hal: 7681.

Prihastuti. 2011. Struktur komunitas mikroba tanah dan implikasinya dalam mewujudkan Sistem Pertanian Berkelanjutan. J el-Hayah 1 (4): 16.

Prihastuti. 2013. Karakteristik Gambut Rawa Pening dan Potensinya Sebagai Bahan Pembawa Mikroba. Berita Biologi 12 (3): 315323.

Prihastuti dan A. Harsono. 2012. Kemunduran kualitas pupuk hayati Rhizobium. J. Sains dan Matematika 1 (1): 15. Sarjiya, A. 2012. Mengoptimalkan produksi pertanian dengan pupuk organik. KOMODITAS INDONESIA IV (I): 5053.

Simanungkalit, R.D.M., R.J. Roughley, and A. Indrasumunar. 1999. The effect of carrier material and moisture potential on the quality of legume inoculants. Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan 18(1): 6470.

Subandi, A. Harsono, dan A. Wijanarko. 2011. Evaluasi keefektifan pupuk organik kaya hara pada tanaman kedelai dan kacang tanah di lahan kering masam. Prosiding Seminar Pendampingan Inovasi Pertanian Spesifi k Lokasi di Provinsi Lampung Tahun 2011. BPTP Lampung-Pemerintah Daerah Provinsi Lampung-Fakultas Pertanian Universitas LampungPerhiptani Provinsi Lampung. Hal. 181190.

Syekhfani. 2010. Hubungan hara tanah, air dan tanaman. Dasardasar pengelolaan tanah subur berkelanjutan. Putra Media Nusantara. 205 hlm.

Downloads

Published

2018-11-30
Abstract views: 193 , PDF Downloads: 167