IMPLEMENTATION OF AN OFF-GRID HYBRID SOLAR PV–GRID SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING AT THE UNESA KETINTANG CAMPUS

Abstract

The transition to clean energy is a strategic step in reducing carbon emissions, including through the development of electric vehicle charging infrastructure based on renewable energy. This study aims to implement of an off-grid hybrid solar PV-Grid system for charging electric vehicles at the UNESA Ketintang campus. The research method used an experimental approach carried out directly in the field. The results show that the system is capable of charging the Viar NX electric motorcycle (1.338 kWh) within 4 hours and 45 minutes, where 41% of the energy is supplied by the solar PV system and 9% by the Grid. Meanwhile, the Viar EV1 (1.605 kWh) requires 4 hours and 15 minutes of charging time, with 42% of the energy provided by the solar PV system and 8% from the Grid. Overall, the integration of this hybrid system has empirically demonstrated its ability to improve the reliability and continuity of the electric vehicle charging process.