The Relationship Psychological Well-Being and Mental Toughness in Recreational Runner

Dimas Febrilliant Mu'adzin; Miftakhul Jannah; Emmanuel E. Uye

Authors

Dimas Febrilliant Mu'adzin State University of Surabaya
Miftakhul Jannah State University of Surabaya https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8537-8114
Emmanuel E. Uye

Abstract

Background: After the COVID-19 pandemic, recreational running has gained popularity as part of a healthy lifestyle that promotes both physical and psychological well-being. Objective: This study aims to examine the relationship between psychological well-being and mental toughness among recreational runners in Surabaya. Method: This research employed a quantitative correlational design with purposive sampling involving 200 participants from local running communities. Data were collected using a four-point Likert scale questionnaire developed based on the theories of Ryff and Keyes (1995) and Sheard et al. (2009), and analyzed using Spearman correlation analysis. Results: The findings revealed a strong and statistically significant relationship between psychological well-being and mental toughness (r = 0.750; p < 0.05). Conclusion: These results indicate that higher psychological well-being is associated with greater mental toughness, suggesting the importance of fostering psychological well-being to improve consistency, motivation, and performance in recreational running. Further studies are recommended to investigate mediating factors such as social support or intrinsic motivation that may influence this relationship.

Keywords: Psychological well-being, Mental toughness, Recreational runners, Mental health.

Latar Belakang: Pasca pandemi COVID-19, olahraga lari rekreasional semakin diminati sebagai bagian dari gaya hidup sehat yang berkontribusi terhadap kesejahteraan fisik dan psikologis individu. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara psychological well-being dan mental toughness pada pelari rekreasional di Surabaya. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain korelasional dan teknik purposive sampling yang melibatkan 200 pelari dari komunitas lari lokal. Instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner skala Likert empat poin yang dikembangkan berdasarkan teori Ryff dan Keyes (1995) serta Sheard et al. (2009), dengan analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang kuat dan signifikan antara psychological well-being dan mental toughness (r = 0,750; p < 0,05). Kesimpulan: Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa semakin tinggi kesejahteraan psikologis pelari, maka semakin tinggi pula ketangguhan mentalnya. Oleh karena itu, penguatan aspek psychological well-being penting untuk meningkatkan konsistensi dan performa dalam aktivitas lari rekreasional. Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan untuk mengeksplorasi faktor mediasi seperti dukungan sosial atau motivasi intrinsik yang dapat memengaruhi hubungan tersebut.

Kata Kunci: Pelari rekreasional, kesejahteraan psikologis, ketangguhan mental, kesehatan mental.

References

Arikunto, S. (1983). Prosedur penelitian: suatu pendekatan praktik. PT. Bina Aksara, Jakarta. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=6PKbAQAACAAJ

Bisri, M., Saputri, M. A., & Chusniyah, T. (2022). Mental Toughness and Its Relationship on Sport Performance Outcomes: When Things Get Tough Enough. Jurnal Sains Psikologi, 11(2), 172. https://doi.org/10.17977/um023v11i22022p172-180

Cowden, R. G., Meyer-Weitz, A., & Asante, K. O. (2016). Mental Toughness in Competitive Tennis: Relationships With Resilience and Stress. Frontiers in Psychology, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00320

Crocker, L. M., & Algina, J. (1986). Introduction to Classical and Modern Test Theory. Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=tfgkAQAAMAAJ

Dr. Abd. Mukhid, M. P. (2021). METODOLOGI PENELITIAN PENDEKATAN KUANTITATIF (M. S. Sri Rizqi Wahyuningrum (Ed.)). CV. Jakad Media Publishing.

Ed Diener, Eunkook M. Suh, Richard E. Lucas, and H. L. S. (1999). Subjective Weil-Being: Three Decades of Progress. Psychological Bulletin, 125(1), 276–302. https://doi.org/10.1006/pupt.1998.0157

Eryılmaz, A., KURTULUŞ, H. Y., & Doenyas, C. (2023). Positive Affect, Negative Affect, and Psychological Resilience Mediate the Effect of Self‐compassion on Mental Toughness: A Serial Mediation Analysis. Psychology in the Schools, 60(8), 2991–3007. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.22902

Etikan, I. (2016). Comparison of Convenience Sampling and Purposive Sampling. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 5(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20160501.11

Gerber, M., Kalak, N., Lemola, S., Clough, P., Perry, J. L., Pühse, U., Elliot, C., Holsboer‐Trachsler, E., & Brand, S. (2012). Are Adolescents With High Mental Toughness Levels More Resilient Against Stress? Stress and Health, 29(2), 164–171. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.2447

Gucciardi, D. F., & Gordon, S. (2009). Development and Preliminary Validation of the Cricket Mental Toughness Inventory (CMTI). Journal of Sports Sciences, 27(12), 1293–1310. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410903242306

Hassmén, P., Koivula, N., & Uutela, A. (2000). Physical exercise and psychological well-being: A population study in Finland. Preventive Medicine, 30(1), 17–25. https://doi.org/10.1006/pmed.1999.0597

Jannah, M. (2018). Metodologi Penelitian Kuantitatif Untuk Psikologi. In UNESA University Press.

Jones, G., Hanton, S., & Connaughton, D. (2002). What is this thing called mental toughness? An investigation of elite sport performers. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 14(3), 205–218. https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200290103509

Kapur, S., & Fernandes, R. (2023). Mental toughness and psychological well-being in elite vs non-elite collegiate athletes. Int. J. Ind. Psychol., 11(2). https://doi.org/10.25215/1102.099

Lin, Y., Mutz, J., Clough, P. J., & Papageorgiou, K. A. (2017a). Mental toughness and individual differences in learning, educational and work performance, psychological well-being, and personality: A systematic review. Frontiers in Psychology, 8(AUG), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01345

Lin, Y., Mutz, J., Clough, P., & Papageorgiou, K. A. (2017b). Mental Toughness and Individual Differences in Learning, Educational and Work Performance, Psychological Well-Being, and Personality: A Systematic Review. Frontiers in Psychology, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01345

Madigan, D. J., & Nicholls, A. R. (2017). Mental toughness and burnout in junior athletes: A longitudinal investigation. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 32, 138–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2017.07.002

Mahoney, J. W., Gucciardi, D. F., Ntoumanis, N., & Mallet, C. J. (2014). Mental toughness in sport: Motivational antecedents and associations with performance and psychological health. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 36(3), 281–292. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2013-0260

Malhotra, N. (2017). Mental Toughness in Relation With Mental Health of Sports Persons. American Journal of Sports Science, 5(5), 31. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.20170505.12

Manley, H., Jarukasemthawee, S., & Pisitsungkagarn, K. (2019). The effect of narcissistic admiration and rivalry on mental toughness. Personality and Individual Differences, 148(January), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.05.009

Maulidya, N., & Jannah, M. (2021). HUBUNGAN PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL DENGAN MENTAL TOUGHNESS PADA ATLET BELADIRI Novarida Maulidya Miftakhul Jannah. Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi, 8(6), 1–120. https://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/character/article/view/41967

Maya Nisaul Magfiroh, M. J. (2021). Hubungan antara Mental Toughness dengan Competitive Anxiety Pada Atlet Disabilitas. Jurnal Patriot, 3(March), 71–81. https://doi.org/10.24036/patriot.v

Nisa, K., & Jannah, M. (2021). Pengaruh kepercayaan diri terhadap ketangguhan mental atlet bela diri. Character: Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi, 8(3), 36–45.

Nurhayati, N. F., Abidin, Z., & Karim, C. H. Al. (2024). Hubungan Flow dengan Kesejahteraan Psikologis pada Atlet Mahasiswa Universitas Diponegoro. Jurnal Psikologi Perseptual, 9(1), 89–106. https://doi.org/10.24176/perseptual.v9i1.11916

Ryff, C. D., & Keyes, C. L. M. (1995). The Structure of Psychological Well-Being Revisited. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(4), 719–727. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.69.4.719

Saifuddin, A. (2020). PENYUSUNAN SKALA PSIKOLOGI (Edisi Pert). Kencana.

Sheard, M., Golby, J., & Van Wersch, A. (2009). Progress toward construct validation of the Sports Mental Toughness Questionnaire (SMTQ). European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 25(3), 186–193. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759.25.3.186

Space, W. L. (2013). Research Methods for Business: A Skill-Building Approach. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 34(7), 700–701. https://doi.org/10.1108/lodj-06-2013-0079

Stamatis, A., Morgan, G. B., Boolani, A., & Papadakis, Z. (2024). The Positive Association between Grit and Mental Toughness, Enhanced by a Minimum of 75 Minutes of Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity, among US Students. Psych, 6(1), 221–235. https://doi.org/10.3390/psych6010014

Stamp, E., Crust, L., Swann, C., Perry, J., Clough, P., & Marchant, D. (2015). Relationships between mental toughness and psychological wellbeing in undergraduate students. Personality and Individual Differences, 75, 170–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.11.038

Sugiyono. (2020). METODE PENELITIAN KUANTITATIF KUALITATIF (M. Dr. Ir. Sutopo, S.Pd. (Ed.); 2nd ed.). ALFABETA BANDUNG.

Teixeira, P. J., Carraça, E. V., Markland, D., Silva, M. N., & Ryan, R. M. (2012). Exercise, physical activity, and self-determination theory: A systematic review. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 9. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-9-78

TESIS PENGARUH ASPEK RESILIENCE , PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING DAN MENTAL TOUGHNESS TERHADAP PRESTASI AKADEMIK SISWA KELAS KHUSUS OLAHRAGA SMA PROVINSI DIY Oleh Vicky Novianty Tesis ini ditulis untuk memenuhi sebagian persyaratan guna mendapatkan gelar Magist. (2024).

Valle, R. S. (1989). The Emergence of Transpersonal Psychology. Existential-Phenomenological Perspectives in Psychology, 257–268. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6989-3_16

Veselka, L., Schermer, J. A., Martin, R. A., & Vernon, P. A. (2010). Laughter and Resiliency: A Behavioral Genetic Study of Humor Styles and Mental Toughness. Twin Research and Human Genetics, 13(5), 442–449. https://doi.org/10.1375/twin.13.5.442

Vikaliana, R., Pujianto, A., Mulyati, A., Fika, R., Ronaldo, R., Reza, H. K., Ngii, E., Dwikotjo, F., Suharni, & Ulfa, L. (2022). Ragam penelitian dengan spss. CV Tahta Media Group.

Wardati, K. Z., & Kusuma, D. A. (2020). Analisis Opini Pelari Rekreasional Terkait Faktor Penyebab Cedera pada Olahraga Lari. Jurnal Prestasi Olahraga, 3(4), 17–23. https://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/jurnal-prestasi-olahraga/article/view/36581

Wilson, D., Bennett, E. V., Mosewich, A. D., Faulkner, G. E., & Crocker, P. R. E. (2019). “The zipper effect”: Exploring the interrelationship of mental toughness and self-compassion among Canadian elite women athletes. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 40, 61–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2018.09.006

The Relationship Psychological Well-Being and Mental Toughness in Recreational Runner

Authors

Abstract

References

Published

How to Cite

Issue

Section

License

Most read articles by the same author(s)

Nav

NavTemplate

Current Issue

Keywords

Information

Language

Make a Submission