PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA KEKERASAN SEKSUAL TERHADAP ANAK DI POLRESTABES SURABAYA

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the law enforcement process in handling the criminal act of sexual violence against children in Surabaya, focusing on the performance and challenges faced by the Surabaya Police Department (Polrestabes Surabaya). Children, as a vulnerable group, require special protection, especially from sexual crimes that have wide-ranging physical and psychological impacts. Although there are existing regulations, such as Law No. 35 of 2014 on Child Protection and Law No. 12 of 2022 on Sexual Violence Crimes, their implementation in practice still encounters significant obstacles. This research employs a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and document analysis. The findings show that the handling of cases by the Women and Children Protection Unit (Unit PPA) at Polrestabes Surabaya is carried out systematically, from reporting to investigation and file submission to the prosecution office. However, there are several challenges, including delayed reporting, lack of physical evidence, insufficient number of experts (forensic psychologists and medical examiners), and social stigma that prevents families from reporting the crimes. The effectiveness of law enforcement is still not optimal, as many cases cannot proceed due to lack of evidence or unidentified perpetrators. This study recommends improving officer training, increasing child-friendly facilities, and conducting public education to raise awareness and responsiveness to child sexual violence. A responsive legal system that prioritizes the rights and protection of child victims is key to creating a safe and just environment for children in Surabaya.