Direct Behavioral Consultation (DBC) Untuk Mengurangi Perilaku Off Task

Abstract

Abstrak

Tujuan penelitian adalah (1) mengurangi frekuensi perilaku off task siswa Madrasah Ibtidaiyah melalui strategi DBC, (2) mengurangi durasi perilaku off task siswa Madrasah Ibtidaiyah strategi DBC, (3) mengetahui variabel apa saja yang mempengaruhi perilaku off task siswa Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. Penelitian menggunakan single subjek design dengan model ABAB. Subjek penelitiannya tiga orang siswa yang memiliki perilaku off task tertinggi di kelas 4 MI Miftahul Ulum Kecamatan Cerme. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perilaku off task tinggi pada  kondisi baseline pertama dan kedua, menurun pada kondisi intervensi pertama dan kedua. Hal ini menandakan bahwa intervensi yang diberikan oleh guru mampu mengurangi perilaku off task siswa. Ada beberapa variabel yang memicu timbulnya perilaku off task siswa yakni: (1) teman sebangku yang mau diganggu dan dapat menggangu subjek, (2) subjek tidak mampu mengerjakan tugas yang diberikan oleh guru, (3) metode pembelajaran guru, (4) melihat atau mengetahui teman di kelas lain yang sudah beristirahat atau pulang lebih dulu, (5) guru kurang mengontrol perilaku siswa, (6) berkurangnya makna reinforcement bagi subjek, karena kurangnya variasi reinforcement yang diberikan.

Abstact

The purposes of this study were (1) reducing the frequency of off task behaviors of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah students through DBC, (2) reducing the duration of off task behaviors of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah students through DBC (3) determining the variables which influence off task behaviors Madrasah Ibtidaiyah students. This study used a single subject design with ABAB model. The subjects of this research were three students having the highest off task behaviors in grade 4 of MI Miftahul Ulum, Cerme. The results showed that the off task behaviors were found high at the first and second baseline condition, while at the first and second intervention condition the off task behaviors decreased. This indicated that the intervention given by the teacher was able to reduce the off task behaviors of the students. There were several variables which triggered the students off task behaviors: (1) bench friends who were about to be disrupted and to disturb the subjects, (2) the subjects were not able to do the tasks assigned by the teacher, (3) the teaching methods of teachers, (4) seeing or knowing friends from other classes had been resting or gone home first, (5) the teacher lacked of control on the students behaviors, (6) the lack of reinforcements meaning to the subjects.