War Is Ugly: A Critical Appraisal Of The Consequences Of The Nigerian Civil War In Flora Nwapas Never Again And Chimamanda Adichies Half Of A Yellow Sun

Authors

  • Onyeka Ike Federal University Otuoke, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26740/jsm.v5n2.p362-384

Keywords:

nigerian civil war, consequences, anguish, wastage, experiences

Abstract

The Nigerian Civil War having being heralded by certain avoidable dark clouds which a capriciousl leadership in power at the time failed to mollify eventually resulted to certain catastrophic and mind-boggling consequences. Indeed, no progressive nation would desire to see a repetition of such ugly, cruel and inhuman occurrences. Both individual and community experiences as portrayed in Nwapas Never Again and Adichies Half of a Yellow Sun point to the fact that the sufferings, deaths and anguish occasioned by the war were really enormous and unbearable. Using New Historicism as a critical model, investigations as guided by the two aforementioned war fictions reveal that invaluable talents and potentials were flagrantly wasted, peace a paramount precursor of development gave way to pieces, women and girls were horribly abused and debased in the most animalistic manner, and vital infrastructures were destroyed. Yet the war did not achieve any of the goals for which it broke out - Biafra did not secede; Nigeria is still far from being united as one country still a mere coalition of ethnic nationalities held together by the Van der Waals  forces of federation account and revenue allocation.  Moreover, the dark clouds that resulted to the war are still largely palpable and unaddressed. The paper also explores the consideration of peaceful negotiation and dialogue as a better alternative to conflict resolution rather than bloodshed.

Author Biography

Onyeka Ike, Federal University Otuoke, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.

Lecturer, Department of English and Communication Studies.

References

Adichie, Chimamanda N. 2006. Half of a Yellow Sun. Lagos: Farafina, 200.

Adimora-Ezeigbo, Akachi T. 1996. “The Taste of Madness: The Short Story on the Nigerian Civil War.” A Harvest from Tragedy: Critical Perspectives on Nigerian Civil War Literature. Ed. ChinyereNwahunanya. Owerri: Springfield Publishers. 94.

Amadi, Elechi. 1973. Sunset in Biafra: A Civil War Diary. London: Heineman.

Blamires, Harry. 1991. A History of Literary Criticism. London: Macmillan Press.

Ekwensi, Cyprian. 1980. Divided We stand: A Novel of the Nigerian Civil War. Enugu: Fourth Dimension.

Emenyonu, Ernest N. 2008. “War in African Literature: Literary Harvests, Human Tragedies.” War in African Literature Today. Ed. Ernest N. Emenyonu. Ibadan: HEBN Publishers. Xi-xiv.

Hamilton, Paul. 2003. Historicism: the New Critical Idiom. 2nd ed. London: Routledge.

Hutchcon, Linda. 1988. A poetics of postmodernism: History, Theory, Fiction. London: Routledge.

Iroh, Eddie. 1976. Forty-Eight Guns for the General. London: Heineman 1976.

Lynn, Stephen. 1994. Texts and Intertext: Writing About Literature With General Theory. New York: Harper Collins College Publishers.

Madiebo, Alexander A. 1980. The Nigerian Revolution and the Biafran War. Enugu: Fourth Dimension.

Nwajiaku, Ijeoma C. 2010. “Revisiting the Nigeria-Biafra War: Social Perspectives in Sunset at Dawn and Half of a Yellow Sun.” Remembering Biafra: Narrative, History, and Memory of the Nigeria-Biafra War. Eds. Chima J. Korieh, and IfeanyiEzeonu. Owerri: Goldline and Jacobs Publishers. 39-54.

Nmezi, Sybil. 2010. “Igbo Women’s Experiences of Violence During the Biafra-Nigeria War.” Remembering Biafra: Narrative, History, and Memory of the Nigeria-Biafra War. Eds. Chima J. Korieh and IfeanyiEzeonu. Owerri: Goldline and Jacobs publishers. 127-139.

Nwahonanya,Chinyere. “The Aesthetics of Nigerian War Fiction: Literary Criticism, Critical Theory and Postcolonial African Literature. Owerri: Springfield Publishers, 247-261.

.Nwapa, Flora. 1975. Never Again Enugu: Nwamife Press.

Odumegwu, Ojukwu. 1969. Ahiara Declaration: Ojukwu’s Manifesto for a Biafran Revolution. Owerri: Wisdom Publishers.

Ogbonna, Maduawuchi C. 2010. “Catholic Missionaries and Relief Work in Biafia”. RememberigBiafia: Narrative, History, and Memory of the Nigeria-Biafia War. Eds.china J. Korieh, ad IfeanyiEzeonu. Owerri: Goldlie and Jacos Publishers.117-12.

Ogaga, Okuyade. 2008. “Of the Versification of Pain: Nigerian Civil War Poetry.” War in African Literature Today. Ed. Ernest N. Emenyonu. Ibadan: HEBN Publishers. 128-136.

Onyema, Chris. 2010. “Biafra War, Historic Burden, and Artistic Vision.” Remembering Biafra: Narrative, History, and Memory of the Nigeria-Biafra War. Eds. Chima J. Korieh, and IfeanyiEzeonu. Owerri: Goldline and Jacobs Publishers. 19-38.

Sherman, John. 2010. “Relating Personal Experiences of the Biafra-Nigeria War through Artistic Expression.” Remembering Biafra: Narrative, History, and Memory of the Nigeria-Biafra War. Eds. Chima J. Korieh and IfeanyiEzeonu. Owerri: Goldline and Jacobs Publishers. 102-115.

Siollun, Max. 2013. Soldiers of Fortune. Abuja: Cassava Republic Press.

Uko, Iniobong I. 2008. “Of war and Madness: A Symbolic Transmutation of the Nigeria-Biafra War in Selected Stories from The Insider: Stories of War and Peace from Nigeria.” War in African Literature Today. Ed. Ernest N. Emenyonu. Ibadan: HEBN Publishers. 49-59.

Unoke, Ewa. “Biafra, Human Rights and Memory : A Transitional Justice Perspective”. Remembering Biafra: Narrative, History, and Memory of the Nigeria-Biafra War. Eds. China J. Korieh, and ifeanyiEzeonu. Owerri: Goldline and Jacobs publishers, 159-169.

Wilde, James. 1968. “Nigeria: Agony in Biafra.” Time, August 2.

Downloads

Published

2021-10-30

How to Cite

Ike, O. (2021). War Is Ugly: A Critical Appraisal Of The Consequences Of The Nigerian Civil War In Flora Nwapas Never Again And Chimamanda Adichies Half Of A Yellow Sun. The Journal of Society and Media, 5(2), 362–384. https://doi.org/10.26740/jsm.v5n2.p362-384
Abstract views: 231 , PDF Downloads: 234