Social Changes in the Development of Dhoho Kediri Airport from a Media Perspective

The purpose of the study is to describe the social changes in the development of Dhoho Kediri Airport. The results show that these social changes are in the form of land acquisition (Bedol Dusun) to another place Tanjung Baru (physical changes). Communities also received compensation with a value far above the Selling Value of Tax Objects (NJOP) (economic changes), Rebuilding new clusters with much better economic conditions (social status). Invest the compensation money for land acquisition in the form of land, transport cars, livestock, and savings for school (social status). Even though the residents of Dusun Tanjung are no longer living in one area as before, they still maintain communication with each other (changes in social values). In Tanjung Baru, there is a good waste management system; in front of the house, there is a trash bin that the garbage workers will pick up every morning. This is different when the house has yet to be moved, which seems rundown because the garbage is placed in each yard (change in social norms). Organizational changes and community institutions have occurred, namely the movement of people from one RT or RW, prayer room, elementary, junior high school, kindergarten, and study center.


INTRODUCTION
Trenggalek, Tulungagung, Kediri, and Nganjuk. Email Dardak also hopes that various economic opportunities will be formed in the southern region of East Java. Therefore, competent and competitive human resources are needed (Kompas.com:

2019).
There was a signing of the Selingkar Wilis "Single Rogo Mandiri" Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) on June 11, 2014, at the Trenggalek Regency Hall by six Regional Heads and the Governor of East Java, each region following up by drafting a cooperation agreement for the six regions that are members of the collaboration including Tulungagung, Trenggalek, Ponorogo, Madiun, Nganjuk and Kediri districts.
One of the objectives of this collaboration is to synergize regional development programs in the field of infrastructure, such as road infrastructure that is integrated on the border in the Selingkar Gunung Wilis area, as a means of optimizing the development of regional potential for both natural resources and human resources. The opening of road access is expected to encourage the development of other fields, such as the ease of mobility of people and goods both in one district and to other districts. Besides, it will encourage potential regional growth, such as tourism, agriculture, and plantation services.

The results of the initial identification by members of the Selingkar Wilis
Cooperation Team obtained the road length to be plotted/cooperated are as follows:  economy mover so that efforts to improve the welfare of the Selingkar Wilis community can be achieved.
The acceleration of the Selingkar Wilis development program, especially the supporting infrastructure like the Dhoho Kediri Airport, will result in social changes in the community, especially the houses will be evicted, or residents of one village must move (Bedol Dusun) because their land is affected by the project. 1. There is no society that stops its development because every society experiences changes that occur slowly or quickly.
2. Changes that occur in certain social institutions will be followed by changes in other social institutions. Because these social institutions are interdependent in Kharisma (2019) states that social changes that occur include changes in community structure and changes in social relations systems because development encourages relocation, thereby reducing community interaction and togetherness.
Economic changes that occur include changes in income due to changes in people's jobs and changes in housing and food, and clothing.

Social Change
The classical approach to social change began with Auguste Comte (1798-1857), who divided his theoretical system into two separate parts, namely social statics and social dynamics. Social statics studies the anatomy of society, which consists of its parts and structures, just as studying the anatomy of the human body, which consists of its organs, skeleton, and tissues. Social dynamics focuses attention on psychology-like processes that take place in society, such as the functioning of the body (breathing, metabolism, and blood circulation), and creates the final result in the form of community development, which is analogous to organic growth. The implication is that society is considered to be in a state of stability (Sztompka, 2004).
Herbert Spencer (1820-1903) defended Auguste Comte's opinion only by changing the terminology. He distinguished structure and function. The structure marks internal arrangements such as organs, skeletons, and tissues, forming society as a unit. Functions mark the way of operation or changes such as respiration, metabolism, and blood circulation. The implication is that society is like a unified whole apart from its operations (Sztompka, 2004).
The two expert opinions above gave birth to the system theory called developing and generalizing all thoughts which analogize society to organisms; this system theory was continued by Talcott Parsons , and thinking about social systems finds a general form and can be applied universally. Social change is a change that occurs within or includes a social system; more precisely, there are differences between the conditions of a particular system at different periods of time. New systems theory has recently been challenged by an approach called morphogenetics since the emergence of this approach, which emphasizes process concepts that have been applied to analyze social change that has taken place (Sztompka, 2004).

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Strasser & Randal (1981) in Sztompka (2004) explains, talking about change, we imagine something that happens after a certain period of time; we are dealing with the difference in observed states between before and after a certain period of time. To be able to tell the difference, the initial characteristics of the unit of analysis must be known carefully-even though they are constantly changing. So the basic concept of social change includes three ideas: 1) differences, 2) at different times, and 3) between states of the same social system.
Hawley (1978) defines social change as any change that is not repeated from the social system as a whole. Macionis (1987) states that social change is a transformation in the organization of society, in patterns of thinking and in behavior at any given time. Farley (1990) states that social change is a change in behavior patterns, social relations, institutions, and social structures at a certain time (Sztompka, 2004). Wiryohandoyo in Salim (2002) Social change is a process of change in the form that covers all aspects of people's lives that occurs either naturally or due to social engineering. This process takes place throughout human history at the local, regional, and global community levels. This illustrates how broad the scope of social change is so that the approach to the theory of social change is not only by applying classical sociological theory but also by applying modern sociological theory, both parallel and opposite. Salim (2002) states that social change is actually a multiple reality, not a single reality caused by the dynamics of a particular society. Social change is a form of change in human civilization due to the escalation of natural, biological, and physical changes that occur throughout human life.
Social change is a process of changing forms that cover all aspects of people's lives (social values, social norms, patterns of behavior, organizations, social institutions, layers in society, power, and authority) occurring both naturally and due to social engineering due to social dynamics. Social change is a change in the form of human civilization due to the escalation of natural, biological, and physical changes that occur throughout human life.
Social change can be distinguished from the aspect or dimension of the social system or a combination of the following components: 2. Relationships between elements (for example, social bonds, loyalty, dependence, relationships between individuals, integration).
3. The functioning of the elements in the system (for example, the role of work played by individuals or the need for certain actions to preserve social order).
4. Maintenance of boundaries (for example, criteria to determine who is included in the system, the requirements for individual acceptance in groups, the principle of recruitment in the organization, etc.).
5. Subsystem (for example, the number and type of section, segment, or special division that can be distinguished).
Recently, scholars have begun to doubt the validity of organic systems theory and the dichotomy of social statics and social dynamics. Tendencies: 1) emphasis on the dynamic quality of social reality, which can spread in all directions, such as society in a state of movement (in the process); 2) not treating society (groups, organizations) as an object in the sense of denying the concretization of social reality. Society (groups, organizations) is no longer seen as a rigid or hard system but is seen as a soft interrelationship. Social reality is the relationship between individuals (interpersonal), everything that exists between individual human beings, a network of ties, dependencies, exchanges, and solidarity. In other words, social reality is a special social network or social network that binds people into a common life, and this social network is constantly changing.
Soekanto and Sulistyowati (2019)   Social and cultural change can also originate from causes that come from outside the community itself, including the followings: 1. The causes that come from the natural physical environment that surrounds humans 2. War.

Media
The Association for Education and Communication Technology (AECT) defines media as all forms that are used for the process of distributing information (Azhari, 2015). Media comes from the Latin word medium, which means intermediary, namely an intermediary between a source of information or a message (a source) and a recipient of a message or information (a receiver). Media can be in the form of magazines, newspapers, online articles, films, television, radio, and others. Along with the times, the media has also developed. What used to be a physical tool now the media can be accessed through electronic devices, such as cell phones, computers, laptops, etc.
Media is also identified with print media, which means mass media means that are printed and published periodically, for example, newspapers and magazines. Not only print media, but there is also electronic media which is termed mass media, that uses modern electronic devices such as radio, television, film, and the internet. In comparison, the meaning of the mass media is the means and official channels as a means of communication to spread news and messages to the wider community. The media has now penetrated into social media such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, WA, line, and YouTube.

METHODS
The approach in this research is descriptive qualitative with survey method research method. Descriptive research is usually defined as a type of quantitative research, though qualitative research can also be used for descriptive purposes.
The research design should be carefully developed to ensure that the results are valid and reliable (McCombes, 2022). The subjects of this study were the people affected by the construction of the Dhoho Kediri International Airport, like some Data collection techniques used documentation originating from the mass media, both printed mass media (newspapers) and online mass media (online newspapers), supported by observations and interviews. This documentation technique needs to be verified very deeply to know its accurate level, as stated by Creswell (2016). Data analysis techniques in this study used performance analysis and individual experience, and institutional behavior to see the output generated from the performance.

New Kediri Airport: The First 100% Private Funded Airport Project Is
Signed.
The government cooperation agreement with business entities (PPP) initiated by business entities (unsolicited PPP) for New Kediri Airport was officially signed. The airport in Kediri, East Java, is the first airport in Indonesia to be built with pure private financing without using state funds (APBN or State Revenue and Expenditure Budget).
The signing was carried out by the ad-interim Director General of Civil  which have supported the smooth process of land acquisition, permits, and other processes regarding the acceleration of airport construction.
"Thank God, the land acquisition has been completed, and now the construction is going well," he said.
At the same event, the Minister of Transportation revealed that the construction of an airport using the unsolicited PPP model could be followed by other private companies.
"The extraordinary thing is when the private sector builds an airport, so there is no need for the state budget (funds). This is also part of the strategic plan of the Ministry of Transportation to continue to encourage creative funding for various transportation infrastructure projects in Indonesia," he said.
The Minister of Transportation further explained that the existence of the New Kediri Airport could be used for commercial flights, Umrah, and Hajj.
"There are lots of people from Kediri and its surroundings who want to go for Umrah and don't have to go far to Surabaya and Jakarta," said the Minister of Transportation.
The Minister of Transportation asked PT Surya Dhaha Ivestama, which is a subsidiary of PT Gudang Garam, and Angkasa Pura I, which is conducting a joint operation (KSO) on the New Kediri Airport development project, to always pay attention to aspects of flight safety and security.

Meanwhile, the President, Director of PT Surya Dhaha Investama, and
Director of PT Gudang Garam.Tbk Istata Taswin Siddharta expressed his gratitude to the government, which has given trust in him as the initiator of the Kediri Airport unsolicited PPP project.
"We also express our gratitude to the Governor of East Java and the Regent of Kediri, who have helped the smooth construction of this airport. Hopefully, the presence of this airport will have a positive impact on the economic progress of the community, especially in the southern region of Java," he said. cooperates with the government. Salim (2002) calls this social change a physical change because physically the affected people physically move to a new place.

Phase I Kediri Airport Spent IDR 9.2 T.
The Ministry of Transportation said the investment value for the construction of Kediri Airport, East Java reached IDR 9.2 trillion. The investment value is only for the first phase of construction and includes land acquisition funds.

Director General of Air Transportation of the Ministry of Transportation Novie
Riyanto said that according to the master plan, the construction of Kediri Airport would be carried out in three stages, where the first phase will start in April 2020.
"For the initial stage with land acquisition around 9.2 trillion. The plan is that if the phasing is according to the master plan, there will be three stages," said Novie when met at the Kediri Regency Government Hall last Saturday. The construction process is still waiting for the land acquisition to be 100% complete. Until now, land acquisition for Kediri Airport has reached 98.4%, or leaving around 1.5 hectares of a total land area of 450 hectares (finance.detik.com: 16 February 2020).
Social-physical changes with the movement of landowners who were affected by the construction of the Dhoho Kediri Airport to a new area of 450 hectares, including communities in the Districts of Tarokan, Banyakan, and Grogol.
According to Salim (2002), social change is a form of change in human civilization due to the escalation of natural, biological, and physical changes that occur throughout human life.

Compensation
The outspoken compensation for land affected by Dhoho Airport has ended.
Seventeen patriarch residents received compensation money yesterday. They only had one week to vacate the house. The airport compensation money was handed over to the Grogol Sanggar Kegiatan Belajar (SKB) building. As many as 17 families of residents gathered there to receive money totaling IDR 34 billion. The acceptance of money by residents yesterday was tinged with emotion; this was seen when several residents embraced each other after receiving money from the initiator. After receiving the money, some of the families of residents who were previously neighbors will indeed live separately in the new location.

M u c h s o n : S o c i a l C h a n g e s i n t h e D e v e l o p m e n t o f D h o h o K e d i r i A i r p o r t f r o m a M e d i a P e r s p e c t i v e | 103
The head of the National Land Agency (BPN) for Kediri Regency, Andreas Rochyadi, who witnessed the handover of the compensation money yesterday, said that after receiving the money, residents were asked to voluntarily vacate their homes. "Given seven days, starting today (yesterday, ed)," said Andreas. By that time, on Monday (24/1), the houses and yards of the affected residents must be vacated. The rest of the construction process of Dhoho Airport can be continued soon. Andreas explained, with the handover of 1.7 hectares of land yesterday, land acquisition for Dhoho Airport, which reached 317 hectares, had been completed.
Furthermore, the initiator can pursue the physical realization of the project, which is targeted for completion in mid-2023.
Separately, Nurul Anis, 39, a resident of Dusun Bedrek, Grogol Village/District, who received compensation yesterday, said she was ready to leave her house. "Now (yesterday) I have to pack again before moving," said the woman, who admitted that she has been packing goods in installments since the residents decided not to appeal at the end of 2021. According to Anis, the time to leave the house for seven days was relatively short because apart from transporting all her belongings, she also had to find a place to live in a new location. Until yesterday he admitted that he had not found the right location. "We haven't been able to rent or temporarily live, so apart from packing. We also want to find a temporary place to live," said Anis while hoping that she and her family could get a place to live as soon as possible.
As reported, 17 families from Bulusari Village, Tarokan occurred in a radical or revolutionary way. Soekanto and Sulistyowati (2019) explain that social changes occur: 1) slow changes and fast changes, 2) small changes and big changes, 3) planned changes and unplanned changes. The process of social change for the landowners affected by the construction of the Dhoho Kediri Airport began with 1) receiving land compensation accompanied by the first phase of emptying the house without going through a court process which began in 2017, 2) looking for a new location and building a new house that was occupied early in 2018, 3) receipt of compensation for land accompanied by vacating the house which was given seven days through the court which was accepted in 2022, 3) changes in the location of houses that used to be neighbors to be far apart due to moving to a new location, 4) for people who are in the process of compensation through the court there was a change in behavior that previously did not agree because the land price was not appropriate but after a court decision they accepted, 5) a change in behavior looking for a house in a new location which was previously unimaginable had to leave the house that had been inhabited for decades since birth.
However, this process of change may continue all the time, as found by Siregar (2022). He stated that social change is a continuous process.

Tanjung Baru, The Village Established From Kediri Airport Compensation
The decision of residents affected by the Kediri International Airport national project to hand over their hometown, rice fields, and dry fields is arguably the right decision. In addition to receiving compensation with a value far above the Selling Value of the Tax Object (NJOP) through PT Surya Dhaha Investama, they can rebuild new settlements with much better conditions. All the money they received came from PT. Gudang Garam, Tbk, as the main funder for the Kediri International Airport project.
Tanjung Baru, a designation for settlements that suddenly appeared along with the land acquisition process. Residents who still want to unite in the bonds of their previous residence move to a new settlement which they call Tanjung Baru.
The small village in Bedrek Hamlet is occupied by residents who used to live in Tanjung  Abad Segura (2020) stated that economic transformation must be supported by the elevating of education, technology, and sustainable development. The one that is not less important is human capital (Svarc, 2020).
Those who used to be farmers still do their jobs as they should. Likewise, residents who work as breeders and traders. They invest the compensation money for land acquisition in the form of land, transport cars, livestock, and the children's school preparation savings. This is the way how the people in Tanjungbaru adapt to the new situation. They have to adapt to accelerate with the new neighborhood as a response to survival (Singh et al., 2020). One thing that people do not really pay attention to is the willingness to become an entrepreneur. The people may haven't known that they have the potential to grow their entrepreneurship as they lack knowledge of the entrepreneur's positive side (Asante and Affum Osei, 2019).
It may happen due to the presence of experts who help them to manage their money to run businesses (Su et al. 2021). The point of this matter is the lack of entrepreneurship character they have. They don't see the opportunity to have their own business (Hameed and Irfan, 2019). Government must push them to start businesses or investments in order to manage their money so that they have good finances and prosperity. The government may launch a policy to support the small business in order to develop the economy (Nakku et.. 2020) Even though the residents of Dusun Tanjung are no longer living in one area like before, they still maintain communication with each other. If one of the residents holds certain events such as Thanksgiving, weddings, and other important celebrations, they use it as a place to gather and meet face to face again. "The plan is that once a year, we want to hold a kind of reunion on Eid," said Lilik. He added there is a possibility that the Tanjung Baru area, which is only about one kilometer from the edge of the airport, will continue to develop because there is sufficient land available around it. Or conversely, tens of residents there will be shifted again and return to looking for new residential land. These people have the same past background, which makes them feel the same way. As stated by Rakhimova et al. (2022), the similar background of people will engage more tightly. However, there is a possibility that the feeling will be decreased as the process of communication is reduced gradually (Pacheco, 2022) Gradually the process of land acquisition covering an area of 376 hectares has been carried out since 2017, and until 2020 the process is still ongoing. Of the three sub-districts affected by the airport development project, they are Grogol,  they receive is really useful for future generations (kediripedia.com: 11 March 2020). The worrying thing about the people is the lack of financial management they have. It is a high possibility that they tend to spend their money on consumptive things. They need to have financial literacy to save their money or to spend their money on investments (Mashud et al. 2021). A financial attitude is really important to build financial management (Yogasnumurti et al. 2021). There is an important thing to have for the people who received the compensation in order to save their finances.
The social changes that occurred were: 1) handing over houses, rice fields, and fields (physical changes), 2) receiving compensation with a value far above Social change is a change in the form of human civilization due to the escalation of natural, biological, and physical changes that occur throughout human life.

Funding Acknowledgement
This research is not funded by any institution