Determinants of Human Development Index on Java Island: Analysis of Economic–Social Factors
Keywords:
Human Development Index (HDI), Economy Growth, Poverty, Government Expenditure, UnemploymentAbstract
The HDI is a summary of three dimensions: health, educational attainment, and decent living standards. This study aims to determine the effects of economic growth, poverty, government expenditure on health and education, unemployment, mean years of schooling, and life expectancy on the HDI. The method used is Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), and the data analysed is secondary data from 2023. The research scope is the island of Java, comprising 119 districts/cities to be analysed. Many researchers have conducted research on HDI, but there are still inconsistencies in the results of these studies; therefore, this study was conducted. The results show that education expenditure, unemployment, mean years of schooling, and life expectancy, when considered together, significantly affect HDI. Education expenditure, mean years of schooling, and life expectancy have a significant positive effect, while unemployment has a significantly negative effect on HDI. In addition, economic growth, poverty, and health expenditure insignificant effect on HDI.
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