Pancasila values in the book of al-`arabiyah lil hayah as Arabic learning materials

ABSTRACT


INTRODUCTION
Pancasila, or the country's five principles ideology, can be said as the symbol of the ideal pluralism of the country and as a philosophy.Pancasila comes from a nation's culture tangible values regarded useful in the life of society, state and nation as a whole.Because the country establishes Pancasila as its state ideology, all actions taken by the Indonesian people must reflect Pancasila principles (Zukri et al., 2023, p. 579).In addition, Pancasila contains multicultural values that can protect various aspects, such as divinity, humanity, unity, deliberation, and justice.Indonesia has the most diverse population in the world in terms of language, ethnicity, religion, race, and culture (Supinah et al., 2023, p. 39).
Pancasila as the nation's ideology acts as the basis or the highest foundation at the level of state administration in Indonesia.With the changing times and global progress, Pancasila as the ideology of this nation faces challenges and has the duty to uphold the noble values of five principles of Pancasila (Putra, 2022, p. 3).As the latest of global developments influenced by challenges to the development of science and technological advances, has also influenced in every aspect of life, such as aspects of morality, economics, law, social and politics.
The essence of Pancasila is systemized values and crystallized values of nobility and Indonesian culture, originating from various elements and the cultural unity of the Indonesian people.Pancasila was born from the causal process of materialism taken from reality which contains values in everyday life.The strong determination of the Indonesian people to realize the values of Pancasila in actions, behavior and attitudes stems from a strong view and belief in the existence of truth in the essence of Pancasila.
Contigently, Pancasila values can be promoted through National Education policies.By internalizing the values of each individual, it becomes a process of incorporating values into that person and constructing a system of thought in response to the meaning of an experience and reality.The values contained in Pancasila have not been fully embedded in the Indonesian nation.Meanwhile, in social and state life, Pancasila is still a symbol and has not been implemented continuously (Rozy et al., 2020, p. 21).This can be seen by the occurrence of small problems that still open up opportunities for national chaos to occur.
Education can be said as a strategic vessel for internalizing Pancasila values in learning, including education in tertiary institutions.Students, as the generation, can actively participate in studying on campus and are at the level of knowing the country, including implementing Pancasila values (Eleanora & Sari, 2019, p. 123).This is due to the convenient access by the students, then they can be easily carried away by provocative news that can divide the country.Thus, the nobility values that exist in the Pancasila become an urgent part to be internalized in learning.
Within the implementation of Pancasila, educational values are closely related to character which can be implicitly interpreted by Pancasila as a unique and interesting picture of Indonesian national identity (Kaaffah et al., 2022, p. 290).If Pancasila values are applied in the education system, national character that is in accordance with the basis of the state will be built, so in this case education like this is called character education.Character education is the development of character which consists of knowledge (cognitive), feelings (affection), and actions (Suwartini, 2017, p. 221).These three components are known as the system.Character education will not be effective without one of them.In educational institutions (school), innovative project planning has also been promoted as a strengthening of Pancasila for students (Supinah et al., 2023, p. 39).
The characteristic of Pancasila is closely related to its values.These values reflect the identity of the Indonesian people and have the characteristics and uniqueness of the nation's individuals (Aliyani & Dewi, 2022, p. 1930).Therefore, it is clear that Pancasila is the basis and core of this country.Pancasila contains the values of the one and only God, just and civilized humanity, Indonesian unity, democracy, social justice for all Indonesian people, and wisdom in representative deliberations.Pancasila has values that make it the foundation and principle of our country, because Pancasila essentially functions to unite the nation.As a result, Pancasila greatly impacts education because of its values.
In learning Pancasila values along with its implementation of the five principles has become an obligation for everyone, including students and students who are true successors of this Republic and also as citizens of Indonesia to be loyal and of course have pride in implementing them in social life.These five principles, as national ideology, have a very long historical moment leading up to the struggle for Independence Day.This struggle for independence began from 1945 to 1949.It was also what triggered the people, especially Muslims, to liberate this country from colonial occupation.Therefore, as citizens of this country, all elements of society, including students, must apply this ideology to the life of the state.The development of this country also depends on the quality and virtue of the students (Hartati & Kusdianto, 2019, p. 63).
Pancasila contains the philosophy of the nation, which is basically a system that complements one another with the same goal, as the values contained in Pancasila must be applied as the foundation of the nation.These values must also be compatible with a democratic system, where all citizens receive equal treatment.As one principle relates to one another in order to achieve the same goal, Pancasila can also be referred to as a system.In addition, every Pancasila value must be applied in character education because if one of them is not implemented, there will be an imbalance in the application of Pancasila in education.(Sianturi & Dewi, 2021, p. 222).
The understanding of Pancasila as the basic ideology in the state is largely a formulation or even an embodiment of Islamic values.The first principle is the principle Belief in the One and Only God.Hence, it is a basis that can be quoted and realized which originates from the first verse of Surah Al Ikhlas.This country would not exist without God's help.Therefore, it is our obligation to obey God Almighty as the first principle in the life of the nation and state.In Pancasila, there are four points of Pancasila which virtues:.The first principle includes several points, namely: 1. Belief in and piety to God Almighty in accordance with their respective religions and beliefs on the basis of a just and civilized humanity.2. Respect and work together among adherents of different religions and beliefs so as to create harmony in life.3. Mutual respect for the freedom to practice worship in accordance with their respective religion and beliefs.4. Do not impose a particular religion or belief on others.
In the second principle is to be just and civilized humanity.This can be explained that humanity is basically respected to respect its human rights as human beings given by Allah SWT, and establish morals and civilized values according to Surah An Nisa verse: 135 (Sitorus, 2015, p. 60).This trait has always been implemented as a basis for learning in the embodiment of the values of justice and etiquette to respect each other, especially towards our fellow citizens.
The second principle of Pancasila contains the following values: 1. Recognize that everyone has the same degree, rights, and obligations.2. Loving each other.3. Growing respect.4.Not being rude. 5. Uphold humanitarian values.6. Likes to carry out humanitarian activities.7. Dare to defend the truth and justice.8.The Indonesian people feel themselves as part of other nations.
Next, the third is the Indonesian Unity.This country is basically a multicultural, multi -ethnic, multi language and also multi -man -multileralial society as quoted in Surah Al Hujurat verse: 13.From this diversity, many different thoughts can occur.Therefore, it is the duty of every individual to unite all the differences into a solid unity to build a strong country.This diversity is a necessity that can actually be an advantage for a sovereign country (Pertiwi & Dewi, 2021, p. 213).
The third principle of Pancasila contains the following values: 1. Placing unity, unity, interests, and safety of the nation and state beyond the personal or group interests.2. Willing to sacrifice for the benefit of the nation and state.3. Love the motherland and country.4. Proud as a native of Indonesia and as an Indonesian citizen. 5. Increasing association to support the unity and integrity of a single unity in Diversity (Bhineka Tunggal Ika) The fourth principle is a Democracy guided by the inner wisdom in the unanimity arising out of deliberations amongst representatives.This is also quoted from Surah Ash Syuraa verse: 13.This can be interpreted that in a learning or education, democratic values or deliberations for the consensus are also instilled in students, including students (Berlian & Dewi, 2021, p. 487).This is a democratic learning in the life of the state and the procedure for managing the country along with its resources.
The fourth principle contains values in the following grains: 1. Prioritizing the interests of the nation and society.2. Do not force the will.3. Prioritizing deliberations in the decision making process that benefits all parties.4. The spirit of kinship is involved in deliberations to reach an agreement.5. Receiving and implementing the deliberation of its decisions with good intentions and a sense of responsibility.6. Deliberation is carried out wisely and with respect.7. One must be able to be morally responsible for their choice by maintaining human dignity and dignity as well as the values of truth and justice.
The last, the fifth principle is social justice for all Indonesian people as embodied in An Nahl verse: 90.Everyone is equal before state law (Hamzah et al., 2019, p. 187).Therefore, all of this is acceptable and in accordance with the Islamic values taught.Hence, it is time for these five basic principles to be applied to our social life as Indonesian people.The principles of Pancasila are principles for managing the country and all of them are in line with the principles of the first principle, namely Belief in One Almighty God.Above all, trust and faith in Allah SWT, has determined moral values to be practiced specifically by students and the people of the country.
The following are the Pancasila points which contain the fifth Pancasila precept, namely: 1. Developing noble deeds that reflect the attitude and atmosphere of kinship and mutual cooperation; and 2. Be fair.3. Maintaining a balance between rights and responsibilities 4. Upholding the rights of others.5. Helping others.6. Avoid extortion behavior towards others.7. Never spend a lot of money.8.Not too fancy.9. Refrain from actions that harm the public interest.10.Likes to put in the extra effort.11.Appreciate the work of others.12. Collaborate to achieve equitable and socially just progress.
In a teaching and learning process, textbooks become one of the teaching materials that play an important role.Teaching materials or materials contain a series of knowledge, attitudes and skills that must be taken by students to obtain standard abilities that must be achieved (Suprihatin & Manik, 2020, p. 66).Furthermore, to get a good learning process for students, learning materials that contain effectiveness, efficiency and attractiveness and be able to provide motivation to students to become a consistent scholar in goodness (Arianti, 2019, p. 118).
Textbooks become the main references and handbook for students, both at the elementary, secondary and universities that are compiled based on national education standards by compiling as well as upgrading the learning material that can improve aspects of devotion, faith, morals, personality, abilities of knowledge, technology, health, health, kinesthetic and aesthetic.Thus, the content in it is important for the writer to note.Textbooks are compiled by experts of their respective fields, equipped with teaching media and are used in learning appropriately.With the textbook students can gain knowledge, information and new skills based on the content delivered by the book.Susanti (2016, p. 201) states that although acted not as the main reference, but textbooks as learning resources are often used among learners.
Textbooks in Arabic language class, some of which are also referred to as the book occupying an important position to note.The material content in the book is studied by students in the country, from the elementary level to the university.Thus, entering the values of virtue possessed by the country's ideology of Pancasila in Arabic textbooks becomes an opportunity to achieve the goals of national education as a whole (Sianturi & Dewi, 2021, p. 223).
By looking for the urgency of analyzing Pancasila values in the book "Al-`Arabiyah lil Hayah" as Arabic learning materials lies in its importance for the Indonesian educational context.This research aims to assess how well the book aligns with the core principles of Pancasila, which is the foundational philosophy of Indonesia.By evaluating its integration of Pancasila values, the study helps ensure that Arabic language education not only imparts linguistic skills but also reinforces national values and identity.
Some research related to the values of Pancasila in Higher Education has been conducted by several researchers, including research entitled "Internalization of Pancasila in the scope of Higher Education" in the journal Pancasila and Bela Negara (Fauzia, 2022).In the scientific journal of education and citizenship, articles have also been produced with the title "The Suitability of Higher Order Thinking Skill on the Pancasila Education Textbook Evaluation Instrument in Higher Education" " (Zulvarina et al., 2022).While the values or characters in general contained in Arabic learning and textbooks have also been studied, as in the article with the title "Integrating Character Education Values in Arabic Learning at the Center for UIN Sunan Kalijaga Language Development" in the Nadwa Journal (Sudikan, 2015)."The development of Character-Based Qira'ah Maharah Teaching Materials in Higher Education" in the Journal of An-Nabighoh (Fitriani, 2018) and articles in the Al-Bayan journal with the title "Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Mahārah Al-Kitābah Berbasis Pendidikan Karakter Bagi Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Arab Stai Attanwir Bojonegoro" (Nisa & Ni'mah, 2017).In contrast to the above researches, this study aims to find out the values of Pancasila contained in the Book of Al-Arabiyah Lil Hayah Volume I composed by the Arabic Language Team at the Center for the Language Development of UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang.This book is the main source and material in it is studied by all new students in the Arabic intensive program on the campus.The sustainability of this program to equip four Arabic language skills students.(Sadiyah & Alfian, 2021).

METHOD
According to Fadli (2021, p. 34) qualitative research has two objectives: describing and revealing (describing and investigating) and describing and explaining (describing and explaining).This method is used to get a picture, data, and understanding of the values of Pancasila contained in the Arabic Learning Material from the Book of Al-'Arabiyah Lil Hayah Volume I taught to new students at PKPBA UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang.Menurut.Fadli (2021, p. 34), qualitative research has two purposes: describe and reveal (describe and investigate) and describe and explain (describe and explain).This method is used in order to get an overview, data, and understanding of Pancasila values contained in Arabic language learning material from the book al-'Arabiyah lil Hayah volume I which is taught to new students at PKPBA UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang.
The process of collecting data has been conducted by using documents.Nilamsari in his research (2014, p. 178) states that the document functions as a record of events that have occurred before.The document in question can be in the form of monumental works, drawings and including writing.In this study, data was collected using document techniques, because the book al-`Arabiyah lil Hayah volume I is in the form of writing and is the source of data in this study.The data was analyzed using Content analysis, which is a research model that explores in depth the content of written texts.that involves the systematic analysis of text or other forms of communication.It can be used to identify patterns, themes, and meanings in the data.
In this study, the researchers also used guidelines by looked for words, phrases, topics, or concepts that are associated with the five principles of Pancasila for understanding and practicing Pancasila as a tool for analyzing data.Next, identification of the material content of the book contains Pancasila values, in al-hiwar (conversation), al-mufradat (vocabulary), at-tarakib (grammar), al-istima` (listening), al-kalam (speaking) and