Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Academic Stress Scale
Keywords:
Academic stress scale, college student, confirmatory factor analysisAbstract
Background: Academic stress is a prevalent issue among university students, arising from high academic demands, such as accumulated assignments, intensive examinations, and high expectations from their surroundings. This stress negatively impacts mental health and academic performance. Objective: This study aims to examine the construct validity of the Indonesian version of the Educational Stress Scale for Adolescents (ESSA) through Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), to establish its applicability in measuring academic stress among Indonesian students. Method: A total of 1,280 third-semester students from Surabaya State University were selected using purposive sampling. The study was conducted through four primary stages: scale translation, modification, pilot testing, and confirmatory factor analysis using SPSS. Result: Findings indicate that the Indonesian ESSA version is both valid and reliable, with five main factors: Pressure from Study (items 1, 2, 3), Workload (item 7), Worry about Grades (items 8 and 9), Self-Expectation (items 12 and 14), and Despondency (item 15). These results align with the theoretical construct proposed by Sun et al., which comprises five core subscales: pressure from study, workload, worry about grades, self-expectation, and despondency. Conclusion: Thus, the Indonesian version of ESSA can serve as a valid and reliable instrument for assessing academic stress among Indonesian university students.
Abstrak
Latar Belakang: Stres akademik merupakan masalah yang lazim di kalangan mahasiswa, yang timbul dari tuntutan akademik yang tinggi, seperti tugas yang menumpuk, ujian intensif, dan harapan yang tinggi dari lingkungan mereka. Stres ini berdampak negatif pada kesehatan mental dan kinerja akademik. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji validitas konstruk versi Indonesia dari Skala Stres Pendidikan untuk Remaja (ESSA) melalui Analisis Faktor Konfirmatori (CFA), dengan tujuan untuk menetapkan penerapannya dalam mengukur stres akademik di kalangan mahasiswa Indonesia. Metode: Sebanyak 1.280 mahasiswa semester tiga dari Universitas Negeri Surabaya dipilih menggunakan purposive sampling. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui empat tahap utama: penerjemahan skala, modifikasi, uji coba, dan analisis faktor konfirmatori menggunakan SPSS. Hasil: Temuan menunjukkan bahwa versi Indonesia ESSA valid dan reliabel, dengan lima faktor utama: Tekanan dari Studi (item 1, 2, 3), Beban Kerja (item 7), Kekhawatiran tentang Nilai (item 8 dan 9), Harapan Diri (item 12 dan 14), dan Keputusasaan (item 15). Hasil ini sejalan dengan konstruk teoretis yang diajukan oleh Sun dkk., yang terdiri dari lima subskala inti: tekanan belajar, beban kerja, kekhawatiran tentang nilai, ekspektasi diri, dan keputusasaan. Kesimpulan: Dengan demikian, ESSA versi Indonesia dapat berfungsi sebagai instrumen yang valid dan reliabel untuk menilai stres akademik di kalangan mahasiswa Indonesia.
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